Robinson Ush2 H 1920s Test
- 1.
The "red scare" of the early 1920's was initially set off by
- A.
The Sacco-Vanzetti case
- B.
The rise of the radical Industrial Workers of the World
- C.
The Bolshevik revolution in Russia
- D.
An influx of radical immigrants
Correct Answer
C. The Bolshevik revolution in RussiaExplanation
The correct answer is the Bolshevik revolution in Russia. The Bolshevik revolution, which occurred in 1917, led to the establishment of a communist government in Russia. This event caused widespread fear and paranoia in the United States, as many Americans viewed communism as a threat to their democratic society. The fear of communism, combined with the rise of labor unrest and anarchist activities, contributed to the "red scare" of the early 1920s.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Besides attacking minorities like Catholics, blacks, and Jews, the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920's opposed contemporary culture and social changes such as
- A.
Evolution and birth control
- B.
Prohibition and higher education
- C.
Automobiles and airplanes
- D.
Patriotism and immigrant restriction
Correct Answer
A. Evolution and birth controlExplanation
During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan not only targeted minority groups but also opposed contemporary cultural and social changes. This included their opposition to evolution and birth control. The Klan believed in the superiority of the white race and saw these ideas as threats to their ideology. They rejected the theory of evolution as it challenged their belief in a divine creation and the superiority of white people. Similarly, they opposed birth control as they believed it would lead to a decrease in the white population and the dilution of their perceived racial purity.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The quota system for immigration in the 1920's was based partly on the idea that
- A.
America could accept refugees created by war and revolution in Europe
- B.
Immigrants from Northern and Western Europe were superior to those from South-Eastern Europe
- C.
Immigration from Europe could be replaced by immigration from Asia
- D.
Priority in immigration would be based on family relationships, profession, and education
Correct Answer
B. Immigrants from Northern and Western Europe were superior to those from South-Eastern EuropeExplanation
The quota system for immigration in the 1920s was based partly on the idea that immigrants from Northern and Western Europe were superior to those from South-Eastern Europe. This reflects the prevailing belief in eugenics and racial hierarchy during that time period. The quota system aimed to restrict immigration from certain regions, particularly those with larger populations of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, in order to maintain the perceived superiority of immigrants from Northern and Western Europe. This discriminatory policy was based on prejudiced and biased views about different ethnic and racial groups.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The separation of many American Ethnic groups into separate neighborhoods with distinct cultures and values meant
- A.
English was no longer the dominant language in the U.S
- B.
The U.S was intolerant of ethnic differences
- C.
Catholics and Jews had a political base to gain the presidency
- D.
It was almost impossible to organize the American working class across ethnic and racial disparities
Correct Answer
D. It was almost impossible to organize the American working class across ethnic and racial disparitiesExplanation
The separation of many American Ethnic groups into separate neighborhoods with distinct cultures and values made it difficult to organize the American working class across ethnic and racial disparities. With different groups living in separate communities, it was challenging to bring them together and unite them for common causes or goals. This division hindered the formation of a cohesive working class movement that could advocate for better working conditions and rights.Rate this question:
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- 5.
One product of prohibition was
- A.
Rise in criminal organizations that supplied illegal liquor
- B.
An improvement in family relations and the general moral tone of society
- C.
A turn from alcohol to other forms of substance abuse
- D.
The rise of voluntary self-help organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous
Correct Answer
A. Rise in criminal organizations that supplied illegal liquorExplanation
During the time of prohibition, the production, sale, and distribution of alcohol became illegal. This led to a rise in criminal organizations that took advantage of the demand for alcohol and supplied it illegally. These organizations, commonly known as bootleggers, operated underground and profited from the illegal liquor trade. The prohibition era provided an opportunity for these criminal organizations to flourish and expand their operations, contributing to an increase in organized crime.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The essential issue in the Scopes trial was whether
- A.
Scientists ought to be allowed to investigate the biological origins of humanity
- B.
The teachings of Darwin could be reconciled with those of religion
- C.
Darwinian evolutionary science could be taught in public schools
- D.
Fundamentalist Protestanism could be taught in public schools
Correct Answer
C. Darwinian evolutionary science could be taught in public schoolsExplanation
The Scopes trial was a landmark case in 1925 that centered around the teaching of evolution in public schools. The essential issue at hand was whether Darwinian evolutionary science could be taught in public schools. The trial pitted proponents of teaching evolution against those who believed it contradicted religious teachings. The outcome of the trial had significant implications for the teaching of science and the separation of church and state in education.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The most highly acclaimed industrial innovator of the new mass-production economy was
- A.
Babe Ruth
- B.
Bruce Banton
- C.
Ransom E. Olds
- D.
Henry Ford
Correct Answer
D. Henry FordExplanation
Henry Ford is the correct answer because he was a highly acclaimed industrial innovator during the new mass-production economy. He revolutionized the automobile industry by introducing the assembly line, which significantly increased production efficiency and reduced costs. Ford's Model T became the first affordable car for the average American, making car ownership more accessible. His innovative business practices and commitment to mass production techniques had a profound impact on the industrial landscape of the time, making him widely recognized as a leader in industrial innovation.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Two major American industries that benefited economically from the widespread use of the automobile were
- A.
Plastics and synthetic fibers
- B.
Rubber and petroleum
- C.
Textiles and leather
- D.
Electronics and aluminum
Correct Answer
B. Rubber and petroleumExplanation
Rubber and petroleum were the two major American industries that benefited economically from the widespread use of the automobile. The automobile industry created a high demand for rubber tires, which led to the growth of rubber plantations and the rubber industry. Additionally, petroleum was essential for fueling cars, leading to increased production and exploration of oil. Both industries experienced significant growth and economic benefits as a result of the automobile industry's expansion.Rate this question:
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- 9.
One of the primary social effects of the new automobile age was
- A.
A weakening of traditional family ties between parents and youth
- B.
A strengthening of inter-generational ties between parents, children, and grand children
- C.
A tightening of restrictions on women
- D.
A closing of the gap between the working class and the wealthy
Correct Answer
A. A weakening of traditional family ties between parents and youthExplanation
The new automobile age brought about increased mobility and independence for young people, allowing them to venture outside of their immediate family circles more easily. This resulted in a weakening of traditional family ties between parents and youth, as young people were no longer as reliant on their parents for transportation and could explore their own interests and socialize with peers more freely.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Radio and movies both had the cultural effect of
- A.
Increasing American interest in history and literature
- B.
Increasing mass standardization and weakening traditional forms of culture
- C.
Undermining the tendency of industry towards big business and mass production
- D.
Encouraging creativity and cultural independence among the people
Correct Answer
B. Increasing mass standardization and weakening traditional forms of cultureExplanation
Radio and movies had a cultural effect of increasing mass standardization and weakening traditional forms of culture. This is because the widespread availability and popularity of radio and movies allowed for the dissemination of standardized cultural content to a mass audience. This led to a homogenization of cultural tastes and preferences, as traditional forms of culture were overshadowed by the dominant media. Additionally, the mass production and distribution of radio and movies contributed to the decline of local and regional cultural expressions, further weakening traditional forms of culture.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The primary achievement of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association was
- A.
Its promotion of black jazz and blues
- B.
Its impact on black racial pride
- C.
Its economic development program in Harlem
- D.
Its transportation of numerous blacks to Liberia
Correct Answer
B. Its impact on black racial prideExplanation
The primary achievement of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association was its impact on black racial pride. Through his organization, Garvey advocated for black self-determination and encouraged African Americans to embrace their cultural heritage and take pride in their race. He emphasized the importance of unity and self-reliance, inspiring many black individuals to have confidence in their abilities and fight against racial oppression. Garvey's message of empowerment and racial pride had a significant impact on the black community, fostering a sense of identity and inspiring future civil rights leaders.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Many of the prominent new writers of the 1920's were
- A.
Fascinated by their historical roots in New England
- B.
Disgusted with European influences on American culture
- C.
Interested especially in nature and social reform
- D.
Highly critical of traditional American Puritanism and small town life
Correct Answer
D. Highly critical of traditional American Puritanism and small town lifeExplanation
During the 1920s, many new writers were highly critical of traditional American Puritanism and small town life. They rejected the strict moral and religious values imposed by Puritanism and criticized the narrow-mindedness and conformity of small town communities. These writers sought to challenge societal norms and explore new ideas and perspectives. They were interested in pushing the boundaries of literature and art, and they often depicted the flaws and limitations of American society in their works. By being highly critical of traditional American Puritanism and small town life, these writers sought to bring about social change and promote individual freedom and expression.Rate this question:
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- 13.
As president, Warren G. Harding proved to be
- A.
Thoughtful, ambitious, but impractical
- B.
An able administrator and diplomat, but a poor politician
- C.
Politically competent and concerned for the welfare of ordinary people
- D.
Weak-willed and tolerant of corruption among his friends
Correct Answer
D. Weak-willed and tolerant of corruption among his friendsExplanation
Warren G. Harding's presidency was characterized by his lack of determination and his willingness to turn a blind eye to corruption within his inner circle. He often struggled to make firm decisions and lacked the strength to confront his friends who were involved in corrupt practices. This weakness in his character allowed corruption to flourish during his time in office.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The general policy of the federal government toward industry in the early 1920's was
- A.
A weakening of federal regulation and encouragement of trade associations
- B.
An emphasis on federal regulation rather than state and local controls
- C.
An emphasis on vigorous antitrust enforcement rather than on regulation
- D.
A turn toward direct federal control of key industries like railroads
Correct Answer
A. A weakening of federal regulation and encouragement of trade associationsExplanation
In the early 1920s, the general policy of the federal government was to weaken federal regulation and encourage trade associations. This means that the government aimed to reduce the level of control and oversight it had over industries, allowing them more freedom to operate. At the same time, the government sought to promote the formation of trade associations, which are organizations created by businesses in the same industry to collaborate and advocate for their common interests. This policy shift reflected a belief in the benefits of limited government intervention and the importance of industry self-regulation.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Two terms to describe the Harding and Cooling administration's approach was
- A.
Internationalism and moralism
- B.
Interventionism and militarism
- C.
Isolationism and disarmament
- D.
Yolo and swag
Correct Answer
C. Isolationism and disarmamentExplanation
The correct answer is isolationism and disarmament. This is because the Harding and Cooling administration adopted a policy of avoiding involvement in foreign affairs and reducing military capabilities. Isolationism refers to the idea of staying out of international conflicts and focusing on domestic issues, while disarmament refers to the reduction or elimination of military forces and weapons. This approach was in line with the desire to promote peace and stability after World War I. The terms internationalism and moralism, interventionism and militarism, and yolo and swag do not accurately describe the administration's approach.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The proposed ratio of 5:3:3 in the Washington Disarmament Conference of 1921-1922 referred to
- A.
The allowable ratio of American, British, and Japanese troops in China
- B.
The number of votes Britain France, and the U.S should have in the League of Nations
- C.
The allowable ratio of battleships and carriers among the U.s, Britain, and Japan
- D.
The number of nations that would sign each of the major treaties to emerge from the conference
Correct Answer
C. The allowable ratio of battleships and carriers among the U.s, Britain, and JapanExplanation
The proposed ratio of 5:3:3 in the Washington Disarmament Conference of 1921-1922 referred to the allowable ratio of battleships and carriers among the U.S, Britain, and Japan. This ratio was aimed at maintaining a balance of naval power among the three nations and preventing an arms race. It limited the number of battleships and aircraft carriers each country could possess, with the United States being allowed to have the largest naval force. This agreement was significant in reducing tensions and promoting disarmament after World War I.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The very high tariff of the 1920's had the economic effect of
- A.
Stimulating the formation of common markets among major industrial business
- B.
Causing severe deflation in the U.S and Europe
- C.
Turning American trade away form Europe/Asia
- D.
Causing Europe to erect their own tariff barriers, and then reduce international trade
Correct Answer
D. Causing Europe to erect their own tariff barriers, and then reduce international tradeExplanation
The correct answer is causing Europe to erect their own tariff barriers, and then reduce international trade. The high tariffs in the 1920s led to a trade war between the United States and Europe. In response to the high tariffs imposed by the US, European countries implemented their own tariff barriers to protect their industries. This led to a reduction in international trade as countries were less willing to engage in trade with each other due to the increased costs and barriers.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The central scandal of the Teapot Dome involved members of Harding's cabinet who
- A.
Sold spoiled food to the army and navy
- B.
Took bribes for leasing federal oil fields
- C.
Violated prohibition by tolerating the gangster liquor deals
- D.
Stuffed ballot boxes and played dirty tricks on campaign opponents
Correct Answer
B. Took bribes for leasing federal oil fieldsExplanation
During the Teapot Dome scandal, members of Harding's cabinet were involved in accepting bribes in exchange for leasing federal oil fields. This scandal revolved around the corruption and illegal activities within the government, specifically related to the leasing of valuable oil reserves. The bribery allowed private individuals to profit from the leasing of these federal resources, highlighting the unethical behavior and abuse of power by government officials during this time.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The major group that experienced hard economic times amidst the general prosperity of the 1920's was
- A.
Small business people
- B.
Farmers
- C.
Bankers and stock brokers
- D.
The oil and mining industries
Correct Answer
B. FarmersExplanation
During the 1920s, the United States experienced a period of economic growth and prosperity known as the "Roaring Twenties." However, this prosperity was not evenly distributed, and one group that struggled during this time were farmers. Agricultural prices fell dramatically due to overproduction and increased competition, leading to a decline in farmers' incomes. Additionally, many farmers were heavily in debt due to high land prices and loans taken to invest in new machinery. These factors resulted in financial hardships for farmers, making them the major group that experienced hard economic times amidst the general prosperity of the 1920s.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The end of the Red Scare came about as a result of
- A.
The acquittal of Sacco and Vanzetti
- B.
Its own extremism as well as courageous public officials
- C.
The passage of the nineteenth amendment
- D.
The work of evangelist Billy Sunday
Correct Answer
B. Its own extremism as well as courageous public officialsExplanation
During the Red Scare, the fear of communism led to widespread paranoia and the persecution of suspected radicals. However, as time went on, the movement's extremism became more apparent, causing many people to question its legitimacy. Additionally, courageous public officials started to speak out against the excesses of the Red Scare and advocate for more reasonable approaches. These factors combined to erode support for the movement and ultimately led to its demise.Rate this question:
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- 21.
During his presidency, Harding
- A.
Allowed some friends to abuse their power
- B.
Exposed and tried to clean up the Teapot dome scandal
- C.
Was deeply involved in corruption and bribes
- D.
Was not well liked, but was an effective president
Correct Answer
A. Allowed some friends to abuse their powerExplanation
The correct answer suggests that during his presidency, Harding allowed some friends to abuse their power. This implies that Harding may have turned a blind eye to the actions of his friends, allowing them to take advantage of their positions for personal gain. This could be seen as a form of corruption within his administration.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Republican policies of the 1920's favored
- A.
Low tariffs, low taxes, and cuts in government spending
- B.
High tariffs, high taxes, and cuts in government spending
- C.
High tariffs, low taxes, and cuts in government spending
- D.
Low tariffs, high taxes, and increases in government spending
Correct Answer
C. High tariffs, low taxes, and cuts in government spendingExplanation
During the 1920s, Republican policies aimed to promote economic growth and prosperity. High tariffs were favored to protect domestic industries from foreign competition, which would stimulate economic growth and create jobs. Low taxes were advocated to incentivize investment and allow individuals and businesses to keep more of their income, thus encouraging economic activity. Cuts in government spending were supported to reduce the size and influence of the government and allow the private sector to thrive. This combination of high tariffs, low taxes, and cuts in government spending was believed to be the most effective approach to foster economic development.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Why did the American economy change from producer-durable goods to a consumer-durable goods economy?
- A.
Mass production
- B.
Labor shortages
- C.
High wages
- D.
Lack of raw materials
Correct Answer
A. Mass productionExplanation
The American economy changed from producer-durable goods to a consumer-durable goods economy because of mass production. Mass production allowed for the efficient and cost-effective production of goods in large quantities, making them more affordable and accessible to consumers. This shift was driven by the need to meet the increasing demand from consumers and improve overall economic growth.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Suburban living in the 1920's was possible because of
- A.
The growth of the automobile industry and mass transit
- B.
Government grant money for mortgages
- C.
Subsidized housing
- D.
Land grants to corrupt companies
Correct Answer
A. The growth of the automobile industry and mass transitExplanation
The growth of the automobile industry and mass transit in the 1920s made suburban living possible. The automobile industry provided people with the means to travel easily and quickly between their suburban homes and urban workplaces. Mass transit systems, such as trains and buses, also played a crucial role in connecting suburbs to cities, allowing people to commute more efficiently. These developments in transportation made it feasible for people to live outside of crowded cities and enjoy the benefits of suburban living.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The automobile helped bring the following social change
- A.
Changes in courtship practices
- B.
Limited privacy for young people
- C.
Encouraged young people to stay at home
- D.
Encouraged students to challenge their parents more
Correct Answer
A. Changes in courtship practicesExplanation
The automobile helped bring changes in courtship practices. Before the invention of the automobile, courtship was often limited to the local community, as people had limited means of transportation. However, with the advent of automobiles, people were able to travel greater distances more easily and quickly. This allowed individuals to meet and interact with potential partners from different towns or cities, expanding their dating pool. The increased mobility provided by automobiles also allowed couples to go on dates and spend more time together, leading to changes in traditional courtship practices.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Farm income declined dramatically during the 1920's because of
- A.
A worldwide surplus of agricultural goods
- B.
A decade ling drought
- C.
Changes in the American diet
- D.
Inflation drove prices down
Correct Answer
A. A worldwide surplus of agricultural goodsExplanation
During the 1920s, farm income declined dramatically due to a worldwide surplus of agricultural goods. This surplus led to an oversupply of crops and products, causing prices to decrease. As a result, farmers faced reduced demand and lower profits. The surplus was likely caused by increased productivity and technological advancements in agriculture, which led to higher production levels. Additionally, international trade disruptions and the aftermath of World War I may have contributed to the surplus by limiting export opportunities for American farmers.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Whether shopping at A&P, watching movies, listening to radio, or reading a newspaper, consumers in the 1920's were exposed to more things that
- A.
Challenged them intellectually
- B.
Reflected local or regional qualities
- C.
Set them apart from the new immigrant
- D.
Were produced for a national market
Correct Answer
D. Were produced for a national marketExplanation
In the 1920s, consumers were exposed to a wide range of products and media that were produced for a national market. This means that the items they encountered while shopping, watching movies, listening to the radio, or reading newspapers were created with the intention of appealing to a broad audience across the entire country. This suggests that there was a growing sense of national identity and a desire for standardized products and entertainment that could be enjoyed by people from different regions.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The uniqueness of the flapper was that certain already existing cultural elements became normative for
- A.
White middle-class Americans including women
- B.
Big city upper-class men and women
- C.
Small isolated rural area
- D.
The second generation of new immigrant families
Correct Answer
A. White middle-class Americans including womenExplanation
The flapper was unique because it made certain cultural elements normative for white middle-class Americans, including women. This means that the flapper lifestyle, which included behaviors such as wearing short skirts, bobbing hair, and engaging in more liberated social activities, became accepted and expected among this specific demographic. It was a departure from traditional gender roles and societal norms, and it represented a shift towards more freedom and independence for women in particular.Rate this question:
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- 29.
All of the following are associated with Harding except
- A.
Tweed Ring
- B.
Teapot Dome
- C.
Elk Hill
- D.
Graft in the Veteran's Bureau
Correct Answer
A. Tweed RingExplanation
The Tweed Ring was a political corruption scandal that occurred in New York City during the 1860s and 1870s, involving the manipulation of contracts and bribery. It is not associated with President Harding, who served in the 1920s. The other options, Teapot Dome, Elk Hill, and graft in the Veteran's Bureau, are all scandals or controversies that were associated with the Harding administration.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Religious fundamentalism appealed to millions of Americans because
- A.
It was a bulwark against the uncertainties they faced in a changing society
- B.
It offered Christians a better place to worship
- C.
It allowed for a more literal interpretation of the Bible
- D.
It allowed church members to build networks with like minded individuals
Correct Answer
A. It was a bulwark against the uncertainties they faced in a changing societyExplanation
Religious fundamentalism appealed to millions of Americans because it provided a sense of stability and security in a rapidly changing society. As traditional values and social norms were being challenged and undermined, fundamentalism offered a steadfast belief system that provided certainty and a clear moral compass. It allowed individuals to find solace and comfort in their faith, offering a sense of belonging and community amidst the uncertainties of a changing world.Rate this question:
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