SCID 242 - Quiz 5 - Gluteal And Thigh

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  • 1/13 Questions

    During recovery from a gunshot wound of the right pelvis, the patient notices a sway in his gait. When he lifts his left foot off of the ground, his pelvis dips down on the left side. The nerve that appears to have been injured is the: _________

    • Nerve to piriformis
    • Nerve to obturator internus
    • Sciatic nerve
    • Femoral nerve
    • Superior gluteal nerve
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About This Quiz

SCID 242 - Quiz 5 focuses on the gluteal and thigh regions, assessing knowledge on nerve injuries, muscle functions, and potential complications from fractures and dislocations. It's crucial for understanding gait abnormalities and surgical recovery implications.

Nervous System Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    During a surgical procedure in which the lower abdominal wall has been opened, the retractor blades damaged a nerve lying between the iliacus and psoas major muscles. The patient has weakened hip flexion and an inability to extend the knee. What nerve has been compressed? 

    • Obturator

    • Femoral

    • Sciatic

    • Tibial

    • Common fibular

    Correct Answer
    A. Femoral
    Explanation
    The femoral nerve lies between the iliacus and psoas major muscles. So, if a surgeon pulls these muscles apart with a retractor, the femoral nerve can be easily injured.

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  • 3. 

    An elderly patient complains of difficulty in walking up stairs. Tests by her doctor reveal weakness in extension at her hip, but no change in hip flexion, or flexion or extension of the knee. Based upon these results, what muscle is most likely not functioning properly. 

    • Adductor magnus

    • Gluteus maximus

    • Gluteus medius

    • Iliopsoas

    • Semitendinosus

    Correct Answer
    A. Gluteus maximus
    Explanation
    Gluteus maximus is the most important muscle for powerfully extending the thigh. This is the muscle that is used for forceful extension at the hip joint, which is what you need to go up the stairs or to jump powerfully.

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  • 4. 

    A serious complication of fractures of the femoral neck is avascular necrosis of the femoral head. This usually results from rupture of which artery? 

    • Acetabular branch of obturator

    • Deep circumflex iliac

    • Medial circumflex femoral

    • Descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral

    • Second perforating branch of lateral circumflex

    Correct Answer
    A. Medial circumflex femoral
    Explanation
    It is important to remember that the medial circumflex femoral artery supplies blood to the femoral neck. During fractures of the femoral neck, this artery may be ruptured, and the femoral neck will be deprived of blood.

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  • 5. 

    A patient with a tuberculous abscess (localized collection of pus) on the iliopsoas muscle in the femoral triangle presented impaired flexion of the thigh and extension of the leg. Which of the following nerves was likely involved? 

    • Femoral

    • Inferior gluteal

    • Obturator

    • Sciatic

    • Superior gluteal

    Correct Answer
    A. Femoral
    Explanation
    The quadriceps muscles, innervated by the femoral nerve, are the most important leg extensors. Rectus femoris, a component of the quads, is also a hip flexor. So, the patient's deficits, as well as the clinical history of an abscess in the femoral triangle, are consistent with an injury to the femoral nerve.

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  • 6. 

    Weakness in climbing stairs or jumping would indicate a lesion of which nerve? 

    • Superior gluteal

    • Inferior gluteal

    • Obturator

    • Femoral

    • Tibial

    Correct Answer
    A. Inferior gluteal
    Explanation
    The first thing that you want to do with this question is determine which muscle was impaired. Since the question specifies that there is a weakness when climbing steps or jumping, you should know that there is a problem with powerfully extending the hip. And that's what gluteus maximus does. The nerve to gluteus maximus, the inferior gluteal nerve, must be the nerve that was injured.

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  • 7. 

    If the head of the femur is dislocated postero-medially, compression of which nerve is likely to result? 

    • Sciatic

    • Femoral

    • Obturator

    • Superior gluteal

    • Lumbosacral trunk

    Correct Answer
    A. Sciatic
    Explanation
    The sciatic nerve is closely related to the posterior hip joint, which makes this nerve very vulnerable in cases where the femur is dislocated postero-medially.

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  • 8. 

    An elderly woman was found to have a hernial sac in the right femoral triangle and a marked weakness in adduction at the right hip joint. Which nerve was likely compressed by this herniation? 

    • Femoral

    • Inferior gluteal

    • Obturator

    • Pudendal

    • Sciatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Obturator
    Explanation
    an injury to the femoral nerve would not cause problems with adduction. Instead, the patient would have problems extending her knee. The nerve which supplies the adductor compartment is the obturator nerve, so that must be the structure that was injured. Although the obturator nerve is not in the femoral triangle, it enters the thigh by passing through the obturator canal and under pectineus, part of the floor of the femoral triangle. So, it could be injured by an obturator hernia passing through the obturator canal.

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  • 9. 

    Following surgical opening of the adductor canal, a patient experienced a loss of cutaneous sensation of the medial side of the leg. Which nerve was cut?

    • Ilioinguinal

    • Femoral

    • Obturator

    • Medial sural cutaneous

    • Saphenous

    Correct Answer
    A. Saphenous
    Explanation
    The saphenous nerve is a branch of the femoral nerve. This nerve, and the nerve to vastus medialis, are the only nerves found in the adductor canal. So, it makes sense that one of these structures was injured. The saphenous nerve is a sensory nerve only; it supplies the skin on the medial side of the leg.

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  • 10. 

    Childhood immunizations are sometimes given via intramuscular injections into the quadriceps muscles of the anterior thigh. At the mid-thigh level, a needle passing into the space deep to the sartorius muscle might pierce the femoral vessels as they lie in the: _________

    • Adductor canal

    • Adductor hiatus

    • Adductor triangle

    • Femoral canal

    • Femoral ring

    Correct Answer
    A. Adductor canal
    Explanation
    Sartorius is the roof of the adductor canal. The femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous nerve, and nerve to vastus medialis are all found in the adductor canal, deep to sartorius. So, if a needle pierced sartorius to enter the femoral vessels, the needle would be entering the adductor canal.

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  • 11. 

    When the femur is fractured, the broken distal end often turns posteriorly to enter the popliteal fossa due to muscle traction. Because of its position deepest in the fossa, which structure is most vulnerable to laceration? 

    • Common fibular n.

    • Lesser saphenous v.

    • Popliteal a.

    • Popliteal v.

    • Tibial n.

    Correct Answer
    A. Popliteal a.
    Explanation
    The popliteal fossa contains the popliteal artery, popliteal vein, common fibular nerve, and tibial nerve. The popliteal artery is the deepest structure in the fossa--it lies on the posterior side of the knee joint. So, it is the structure that would be most likely to be lacerated by the broken distal end of the femur.

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  • 12. 

    If the femoral artery is occluded at the beginning of the adductor canal, which artery could help provide viability to the leg through collateral circulation? 

    • Descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral

    • Descending genicular

    • First perforating branch of the deep femoral

    • Medial circumflex femoral

    • Obturator

    Correct Answer
    A. Descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral
    Explanation
    The descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery anastamoses with both the descending genicular branch of the femoral artery as well as the lateral superior genicular branch of the popliteal artery. These connections provide collateral circulation to the knee and leg.

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  • 13. 

    A fracture of the ischial tuberosity might be expected to most directly affect the muscles that produce which lower limb movement? 

    • Abduction at the hip

    • Adduction at the hip

    • Extension at the knee

    • Flexion at the hip

    • Flexion at the knee

    Correct Answer
    A. Flexion at the knee
    Explanation
    The ischial tuberosity is the origin for the hamstrings muscles which are the muscles that allow for extension at the hip and flexion at the knee.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 18, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 06, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Permphan
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