1.
When focusing on a slide, which focus do you use first; the course or fine focus
Correct Answer
A. Course focus
Explanation
When focusing on a slide, it is recommended to use the course focus first. The course focus allows for a rough adjustment of the focus, bringing the slide into view. Once the slide is roughly in focus, the fine focus can then be used to make finer adjustments and achieve a clearer and more detailed image. Using the course focus first ensures that the slide is brought into focus quickly and efficiently before making any fine adjustments.
2.
If you want to see close as possible, which objective do you use
Correct Answer
C. High mag objective
Explanation
The high mag objective should be used if you want to see as close as possible. This objective has a higher magnification power compared to the low and medium mag objectives, allowing for a closer and more detailed view of the specimen.
3.
Which is the correct position to start focusing on a slide
Correct Answer
B. Low power objective, low light, low to stage
Explanation
The correct position to start focusing on a slide is with the low power objective, low light, and low to the stage. This is because the low power objective provides a wider field of view, making it easier to locate the specimen on the slide. Starting with low light helps prevent any potential damage to the specimen, as excessive light can cause overheating. Adjusting the focus low to the stage ensures that the objective lens is close enough to the slide to obtain a clear image.
4.
Which magnification shows more details
Correct Answer
C. High mag objective (40x)
Explanation
The high magnification objective (40x) shows more details compared to the low magnification (4x) and medium magnification (10x) objectives. Higher magnification allows for a closer view of the object, enabling the observer to see finer details and smaller features that may not be visible at lower magnifications. Therefore, the high magnification objective provides a more detailed and enlarged view of the object under observation.
5.
If the image is 0.1 mm and the lens is x4 what is the magnification
Correct Answer
B. 4mm
Explanation
The correct answer is 4mm. The magnification can be calculated by dividing the image size by the object size. In this case, the image size is given as 0.1 mm and the lens is x4, which means it magnifies the image 4 times. Therefore, the object size would be 0.1 mm divided by 4, resulting in a magnification of 4mm.
6.
You place the slide onto the ___________________________ and hold it in place by
using the ______________________________
Correct Answer(s)
A. Stage clips
C. Stage
Explanation
The correct answer is stage clips and stage. The stage clips are used to hold the slide in place on the stage of a microscope. The stage is the platform where the slide is placed for viewing.
7.
The _____________________________________ is used to lower the lenses
Correct Answer(s)
A. Fine focus knob
B. Course focus knob
Explanation
The fine focus knob is used to make small adjustments to the focus of the lenses, allowing for precise focusing on the subject. The course focus knob, on the other hand, is used to make larger adjustments to the focus, useful for quickly bringing the subject into focus. The eyepiece, on the other hand, is the part of the microscope that the viewer looks through to see the magnified image.
8.
When you are viewing the slide for the first time, you use the smallest magnification piece which is called _____________________________________________
Correct Answer
A. Low mag objective
Explanation
When viewing a slide for the first time, it is necessary to start with a low magnification piece, known as the low mag objective. This allows for a wider field of view, making it easier to locate and focus on the desired area of the slide. Starting with a higher magnification objective may result in a narrower field of view, making it more difficult to locate and focus on the specific area of interest. Therefore, the low mag objective is the appropriate choice for initial viewing.
9.
The amount of light striking the slide can be controlled by using the _______________________________________________.
Correct Answer
B. DiapHragm
Explanation
some microscopes also adjust with the light source however if there is only one right answer, then it would be the diaphragm
10.
Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have a cell wall
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
plants have cell walls
11.
Both plants and animals have cell walls
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
animals do not have cell walls
12.
Which controls the cell
Correct Answer
C. Nucleus
Explanation
The correct answer is nucleus because the nucleus is the control center of the cell. It contains the cell's genetic material, DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's functions and activities. The nucleus regulates gene expression and controls the synthesis of proteins and other molecules essential for cell growth, division, and overall functioning. Additionally, the nucleus also plays a crucial role in cell reproduction and inheritance of genetic traits.
13.
What regulates what goes in and out of the cell
Correct Answer
B. Cell membrane
Explanation
The cell membrane is responsible for regulating what goes in and out of the cell. It acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances such as nutrients, ions, and waste products. The cell membrane contains various proteins and channels that allow specific molecules to pass through while preventing others from entering or leaving the cell. This selective permeability is essential for maintaining the cell's internal environment and ensuring proper functioning.
14.
Which cell organelle produces energy
Correct Answer
D. Mitochondria
Explanation
Mitochondria is the correct answer because it is the cell organelle responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate energy through a process called cellular respiration. This organelle contains its own DNA and is involved in various metabolic processes, including the production of ATP, which is the main source of energy for cellular activities.
15.
Which cell organelle contains digestive enzymes
Correct Answer
B. Lysosome
Explanation
Lysosomes are cell organelles that contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down various substances such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Lysosomes play a crucial role in the digestion and recycling of cellular waste materials, as well as in the destruction of foreign substances like bacteria and viruses. The enzymes within lysosomes are highly acidic, allowing them to efficiently break down and digest the materials they encounter. Therefore, lysosomes are responsible for maintaining cellular health and proper functioning.
16.
What cell structure allows the cell to move or to move things around
Correct Answer(s)
B. Cilia
C. Flagellum
Explanation
Cilia and flagellum are both cell structures that allow the cell to move or move things around. Cilia are small, hair-like projections that cover the surface of certain cells and can move in a coordinated waving motion, creating a current that helps move substances across the cell's surface. Flagella, on the other hand, are long, whip-like structures that protrude from the cell and enable the cell to move by propelling itself forward. Both cilia and flagella play important roles in cellular locomotion and the movement of substances within the cell.
17.
Prokaryotes have a cell nucleus
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Prokaryotes do not have a cell nucleus. Prokaryotic cells are characterized by the absence of a membrane-bound nucleus. Instead, their genetic material is located in a region of the cell called the nucleoid, which is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane. This is in contrast to eukaryotic cells, which do have a distinct nucleus that houses their genetic material. Therefore, the statement "prokaryotes have a cell nucleus" is false.
18.
What part of the cell make proteins
Correct Answer
ribosome
ribosomes
Explanation
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. They are small, spherical organelles found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information stored in the DNA and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. They consist of two subunits, one large and one small, that come together during protein synthesis. The correct answer, "ribosome, ribosomes," is plural because cells typically contain multiple ribosomes to efficiently produce proteins.
19.
Which have a nucleus
Correct Answer
B. Human cells
Explanation
Human cells have a nucleus, which is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the genetic material. This is in contrast to prokaryotes, which are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus. The presence of a nucleus in human cells allows for more complex genetic regulation and cellular processes, such as DNA replication and transcription.
20.
What do plants need to grow
Correct Answer(s)
A. Sunlight
C. Water
D. Oxygen
E. Co2
F. Nutrients
Explanation
Plants need sunlight for photosynthesis, a process in which they convert sunlight into energy. Water is essential for transporting nutrients and maintaining cell structure. Oxygen is necessary for respiration, a process that releases energy from glucose. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is used by plants during photosynthesis. Nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are required for plant growth and development.
21.
What crops will grow well in winter
Correct Answer(s)
lettuce
carrot
carrots
Explanation
Lettuce and carrots are both suitable crops to grow in winter. Lettuce is a cold-hardy vegetable that can tolerate frost and is often grown as a winter crop. Carrots, on the other hand, are known for their ability to withstand cold temperatures and can be harvested throughout the winter season. Therefore, both lettuce and carrots are good choices for winter gardening.
22.
What speeds up/slow down plant growth
Correct Answer(s)
water
sun
sunlight
nutrients
shade
space
Explanation
Water, sunlight, and nutrients are essential for plant growth. Water provides hydration and transports nutrients throughout the plant. Sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis, a process where plants convert sunlight into energy. Nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, are vital for plant development. Shade can slow down plant growth as it reduces the amount of sunlight available for photosynthesis. Adequate space allows plants to spread their roots and access nutrients and water efficiently. Therefore, all these factors play a role in either speeding up or slowing down plant growth.
23.
In an experiment, something that does not change is a
Correct Answer
A. Controlled variable
Explanation
In an experiment, a controlled variable is something that does not change. It is kept constant throughout the experiment in order to accurately measure the effect of the manipulated variable on the responding variable. By controlling all other variables, the researcher can isolate the effect of the manipulated variable and determine its impact on the responding variable. Therefore, the controlled variable serves as a baseline for comparison and helps ensure reliable and accurate results.
24.
In an experiment if I have chemical x and chemical y and I only change chemical y then checmical is the
Correct Answer
B. Manipulated variable
Explanation
In an experiment, the manipulated variable is the one that is intentionally changed or controlled by the researcher. In this case, the experimenter only changes chemical y while keeping chemical x constant. Therefore, chemical y is the manipulated variable. The controlled variable refers to the factor that is kept constant throughout the experiment, and the responding variable is the factor that is observed or measured to determine the effect of the manipulated variable.
25.
If I have blue dye on the out side of a plastic bag and later you find blue dye on the inside the plastic bag then what could we say about the plastic bag
Correct Answer
A. The plastic bag has holes
Explanation
The presence of blue dye on the inside of the plastic bag suggests that the dye has somehow seeped through the bag, indicating the presence of holes or openings in the bag. This allows the dye to pass from the outside to the inside of the bag, leading to the conclusion that the plastic bag has holes.
26.
If a cell membrane will only let in certain things then the cell membrane is
Correct Answer
A. Selectively permeable
Explanation
A cell membrane that only allows certain substances to pass through is referred to as selectively permeable. This means that it selectively permits the passage of molecules and ions while restricting the entry of others. The membrane accomplishes this through various mechanisms such as protein channels and transporters. By regulating the movement of substances, the cell membrane maintains the internal environment of the cell and controls the exchange of nutrients and waste materials with the external environment.
27.
Living things share important characteristics:
Correct Answer(s)
A. They are all composed of one or many cells.
B. They all reproduce.
C. They all grow and develop
D. They all respond to changes in their environment
E. They all use energy.
F. They all contain similiar chemicals (water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids).
Explanation
Living things share important characteristics such as being composed of one or many cells, reproducing, growing and developing, responding to changes in their environment, using energy, and containing similar chemicals like water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
28.
What is the name of the kingdom for unicellular/multicellular organisms that do not fit in any other kingdom
Correct Answer(s)
protist
protista
Explanation
The correct answer is "protist" or "protista". These terms refer to the kingdom of unicellular or multicellular organisms that do not fit into any other kingdom. The protist kingdom is a diverse group of organisms that includes algae, protozoa, and slime molds. They exhibit a wide range of characteristics and can be found in various habitats, such as freshwater, marine environments, and soil. The term "protist" is used to encompass the vast diversity of these organisms that do not fit neatly into the other established kingdoms.
29.
Where does the protist euglena get it's energy
Correct Answer(s)
photosynthesis
Explanation
Euglena is a protist that possesses chloroplasts, which allows it to undergo photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, Euglena uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, thus providing itself with energy. This process is crucial for the survival and growth of Euglena.
30.
Is the protist euglena plant like or animal like
Correct Answer
A. Plant like
Explanation
The protist euglena is considered to be plant-like because it possesses characteristics typically associated with plants. Euglena contains chloroplasts, which allow it to undergo photosynthesis and produce its own food using sunlight. Additionally, it has a rigid cell wall and can form colonies, similar to some plant species. However, euglena can also exhibit animal-like behavior, such as moving using a whip-like tail called a flagellum and consuming organic matter when sunlight is not available.
31.
Excluding the nucleus, what is the inside of the cell called
Correct Answer
cytoplasma
cytoplasm
Explanation
The inside of the cell, excluding the nucleus, is called the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and contains various organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes. It is responsible for supporting and protecting the organelles, as well as facilitating cellular processes such as metabolism and protein synthesis. The terms "cytoplasma" and "cytoplasm" are essentially the same, with the latter being the correct spelling.
32.
What gives the cytoplasm structure
Correct Answer
cytoskeleton
Explanation
The cytoskeleton gives the cytoplasm structure. The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that extends throughout the cytoplasm of a cell. It provides support and shape to the cell, helps in cell movement, and also plays a role in cell division. Without the cytoskeleton, the cytoplasm would lack organization and the cell would not be able to maintain its shape or carry out essential cellular functions.
33.
The process of cells breaking down chemical compounds to get energy is called
Correct Answer
respiration
Explanation
Respiration is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which cells break down chemical compounds to obtain energy. This process involves the conversion of glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Respiration occurs in both plants and animals and is essential for the production of energy needed for various cellular activities.
34.
What do plants use to capture light
Correct Answer
Chlorophyll
Explanation
Plants use chlorophyll to capture light during the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is a pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells, and it gives plants their green color. It absorbs light energy from the sun, specifically in the red and blue regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This captured light energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. Therefore, chlorophyll is essential for plants to capture and utilize light energy for their growth and survival.
35.
What color is Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
green
Explanation
Chlorophyll is the pigment responsible for the green color in plants. It is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chlorophyll molecules absorb blue and red light, reflecting green light, which is why plants appear green to our eyes. This green pigment plays a crucial role in capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy, enabling plants to produce glucose and oxygen.
36.
What raw material is needed for phosynthesis
Correct Answer(s)
B. Co2
C. Sunlight
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and sunlight into glucose (sugar) and oxygen. CO2 is one of the essential raw materials required for photosynthesis. It is absorbed from the atmosphere through small openings called stomata in the leaves. Sunlight is also crucial for photosynthesis as it provides the energy necessary for the chemical reactions to occur. Therefore, the correct answer is CO2 and sunlight.
37.
Which organelle contains chlorophyll
Correct Answer(s)
chloroplast
Explanation
The organelle that contains chlorophyll is the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are found in plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chlorophyll, the pigment that gives plants their green color, is located within the chloroplasts. It captures the energy from sunlight and uses it to produce glucose and oxygen. This process is essential for the survival of plants and plays a crucial role in the Earth's ecosystem.
38.
Burning a marshmallow produces
Correct Answer(s)
A. CO2
C. H2O
Explanation
Burning a marshmallow produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). When the marshmallow is heated, the sugar molecules in it undergo a chemical reaction called combustion. During combustion, the sugar molecules break down into carbon dioxide and water vapor. This is because the heat provides the energy needed for the bonds in the sugar molecules to break, resulting in the formation of carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.
39.
What are marshmallows made of
Correct Answer(s)
sugar
glucose
Explanation
Marshmallows are made primarily of sugar and glucose. These ingredients are combined with gelatin, water, and sometimes corn syrup to create the fluffy texture of marshmallows. The sugar and glucose provide the sweetness and help to bind the ingredients together.
40.
How do you know that carbon is found in marshmallows
Correct Answer
A. They turn black when burned
Explanation
When marshmallows are burned, they turn black. This indicates the presence of carbon because carbon-containing substances tend to turn black when burned. This is due to the process of carbonization, where the heat causes the carbon in the marshmallows to break down and form black carbon residue. Therefore, the fact that marshmallows turn black when burned suggests that carbon is present in them.
41.
what is the evidence that water is produced when burning marshmallows
Correct Answer
condensation
Explanation
When burning marshmallows, the heat causes the water content within the marshmallow to evaporate. As the hot water vapor rises, it comes into contact with the cooler air and surfaces around it. This causes the water vapor to condense back into liquid form, resulting in the production of water. Therefore, condensation is the evidence that water is produced when burning marshmallows.
42.
Provides plant cell shape and protection
Correct Answer
cell wall
cytoskeleton
Explanation
one provides structure outside the cell, the other provides structure inside
43.
Make lipids(fats) and gets rid of poisons
can also modify proteins
Correct Answer
er
endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for the synthesis of lipids (fats) and detoxification of harmful substances. It also plays a role in modifying proteins. Therefore, the ER is involved in both lipid metabolism and detoxification processes, making it the correct answer to the question.
44.
Two types of er are
Correct Answer
rough
smooth
Explanation
The given answer is correct because it accurately identifies the two types of "er" as "rough" and "smooth". These terms describe the texture or feel of a surface. "Rough" refers to a surface that is uneven or not smooth, while "smooth" refers to a surface that is even and free from roughness or bumps.
45.
Stores and moves molecules around the cell
Correct Answer
Golgi apparatus
Explanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for storing and moving molecules within the cell. It acts as a processing and packaging center, receiving proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifying them before sending them to their final destinations. The Golgi apparatus consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, which are involved in sorting, modifying, and packaging molecules into vesicles for transport. Overall, the Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in maintaining the organization and functionality of the cell by ensuring that molecules are properly processed and distributed.
46.
Stores water and plant substances in plants
Correct Answer
vacuole
Explanation
The vacuole is a cell organelle found in plant cells that stores water and various plant substances. It is surrounded by a membrane called the tonoplast and is filled with cell sap, which consists of water, ions, sugars, pigments, and other molecules. The vacuole helps maintain the turgor pressure of the cell, stores nutrients and waste products, and plays a role in cell growth and development.
47.
Transport substances
Correct Answer
vesicle
Explanation
Vesicles are small sacs or pouches that are involved in the transport of substances within cells. They are responsible for packaging and delivering molecules such as proteins, lipids, and neurotransmitters to their intended destinations. Vesicles are formed by the budding of membranes from various cellular compartments, allowing them to carry their cargo to specific locations within the cell or to the cell membrane for secretion. Therefore, the correct answer, "vesicle," accurately describes the cellular structure involved in the transport of substances.
48.
What cell organelle makes lipids and gets rid of toxins
Correct Answer
endoplasmic reticulum
er
Explanation
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cell organelle responsible for synthesizing lipids and detoxifying harmful substances. It consists of a network of tubules and membranes that are involved in various cellular processes. The ER plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, as it produces lipids that are essential for cell structure and function. Additionally, it contains enzymes that help in detoxifying toxins and drugs by modifying them into more water-soluble forms, making them easier to eliminate from the cell. Therefore, the ER is the correct answer for the organelle that makes lipids and gets rid of toxins.
49.
Mitochondria create energy and lipids ______________ energy
Correct Answer
store
Explanation
Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. On the other hand, lipids are a type of biomolecule that serves as a long-term energy storage molecule in the body. So, the correct answer is "store," as lipids store energy rather than create it.