Scientific Method (2nd Period)

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| By Derrickdonald

Derrickdonald

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Quizzes Created: 5 | Total Attempts: 766

Questions: 12 | Attempts: 136 | Updated: May 30, 2024

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In this quiz, you will be granted an opportunity to demonstrate your understanding of the scientific inquiry.

Questions and Answers

1.

You are the head of the research division of the Leafy Lettuce Company. Your company is experimenting with growing lettuce using hydroponic technology. Hydroponic technology involves growing plants in containers of growth solution in a greenhouse. No soil is used. The growth solution that the company uses contains water, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The company wants to know if adding iron to this formula will improve lettuce growth. What would the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE be in the experiment?
- A.
  
  Lettuce growth
- B.
  
  Soil
- C.
  
  The growth solution
- D.
  
  Water
- E.
  
  Hydroponic technology
Correct Answer
C. The growth solution

Explanation
The independent variable in this experiment would be the addition of iron to the growth solution. This is because the company wants to test if adding iron to the formula will have an effect on lettuce growth. The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed by the researcher to see its impact on the dependent variable, which in this case is lettuce growth.

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2.

In scientific research, the DEPENDENT VARIABLE is a factor that is measured to learn the effect of one or more independent variables.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The dependent variable in scientific research refers to the factor that is being measured or observed in order to understand the impact or influence of one or more independent variables. It is the variable that is expected to change as a result of manipulating the independent variables. Therefore, the statement that the dependent variable is a factor that is measured to learn the effect of independent variables is true.

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3.

In an experiment, you water three sunflower plants with salt water. Each plant receives a different concentration of salt water solution. A fourth plant receives pure water. After a two week period, the height of each plant is measured. In this experiment, the plant height is which of the following?
- A.
  
  The control
- B.
  
  The DEPENDENT variable
- C.
  
  The INDEPENDENT variable
- D.
  
  Qualitative data
Correct Answer
B. The DEPENDENT variable

Explanation
The height of the plants is the dependent variable in this experiment because it is the outcome that is being measured and observed. The independent variable is the concentration of salt water solution that each plant receives, as this is the factor that is being manipulated and controlled by the experimenter. Qualitative data refers to observations that are descriptive in nature, such as the color or texture of the plants, which is not mentioned in the given question. The control in this experiment would be the plant that receives pure water, which is used as a baseline for comparison to determine the effects of the salt water solution on the other plants.

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4.

The following could be an example of a hypothesis: "If the outdoor temperature decreases to 32 degrees Farenheit or colder (at standard pressure), then the lake will begin to freeze because water freezes at 32 degrees Farenheit."
- A.
  
  TRUE
- B.
  
  FALSE
Correct Answer
A. TRUE

Explanation
The given statement presents a hypothesis as it proposes a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables, the outdoor temperature and the freezing of the lake. It states that if the temperature decreases to 32 degrees Fahrenheit or colder, then the lake will begin to freeze because water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit. This hypothesis can be tested through observation and experimentation to determine if it is true or false.

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5.

There will be a statistically significant difference in graduation rates of at-risk high-school seniors who participate in an intensive study program as opposed to at-risk high-school seniors who do not participate in the intensive study program." (LaFountain & Bartos, 2002, p. 57) What is the DEPENDENT variable?
- A.
  
  Graduation rates
- B.
  
  At-risk-high-school seniors
- C.
  
  Participation in the intensive study program
- D.
  
  At-risk-high-school juniors
Correct Answer
A. Graduation rates

Explanation
The dependent variable in this study is the graduation rates. The study aims to determine if there is a statistically significant difference in graduation rates between at-risk high-school seniors who participate in an intensive study program and those who do not. The graduation rates are the outcome that is being measured and compared between the two groups.

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6.

There will be a statistically significant difference in graduation rates of at-risk high-school seniors who participate in an intensive study program as opposed to at-risk high-school seniors who do not participate in the intensive study program." (LaFountain & Bartos, 2002, p. 57) What is the INDEPENDENT variable?
- A.
  
  Graduation rates
- B.
  
  At-risk-high-school seniors
- C.
  
  Participation in the intensive study program
- D.
  
  At-risk-high-school juniors
Correct Answer
C. Participation in the intensive study program

Explanation
The independent variable in this study is the participation in the intensive study program. This means that the researchers are interested in examining how the graduation rates of at-risk high-school seniors are affected by their participation in the program. The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or controlled by the researchers in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable, which in this case is the graduation rates.

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7.

"A director of residential living on a large university campus is concerned about the large turnover rate in resident assistants. In recent years many resident assistants have left their positions before completing even 1 year in their assignments. The director wants to identify the factors that predict commitment as a resident assistant (defined as continuing in the position a minimum of 2 years). The director decides to assess knowledge of the position, attitude toward residential policies, and ability to handle conflicts as predictors for commitment to the position." (LaFountain & Bartos, 2002, p. 8). What is the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE?
- A.
  
  Continuing in the position of resident assistant for at least 2 years
- B.
  
  Knowledge of the position, attitude toward residential policies, and the ability to handle conflicts
- C.
  
  The large turnover rate
- D.
  
  The director of residential living
Correct Answer
B. Knowledge of the position, attitude toward residential policies, and the ability to handle conflicts

Explanation
The independent variable in this scenario is knowledge of the position, attitude toward residential policies, and the ability to handle conflicts. These factors are being assessed by the director to determine their predictive value for commitment to the position of resident assistant. The director wants to see if having knowledge of the position, a positive attitude toward residential policies, and the ability to handle conflicts effectively will increase the likelihood of a resident assistant staying in their position for at least 2 years.

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8.

According to the graph, the value of Sarah's car INCREASED between 2001 and 2007.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
According to the graph, the value of Sarah's car did not increase between 2001 and 2007. The line on the graph remains flat, indicating that the value stayed the same during that time period. Therefore, the answer is false.

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9.

Tyrosine concentration ([Tyrsonine] mM) is shown as the DEPENDENT VARIABLE in this graph.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The graph does not provide any information about the concentration of tyrosine. Therefore, we cannot determine the dependent variable from the given graph.

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10.

The diagram below represents the change in a sprouting onion bulb when sunlight is present and when sunlight is no longer available. A student researcher hypothesized, "if the leaves of an onion bulb are removed from light for an extended period of time, then the leaves will wilt, or wither, because the leaves require sunlight to remain healthy." The above diagram, which models the results of his experiment, SUPPORTS this hypothesis.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The diagram shows that when sunlight is present, the onion bulb sprouts and grows healthy leaves. However, when sunlight is no longer available, the leaves wilt and wither. This supports the student researcher's hypothesis that the leaves require sunlight to remain healthy. Therefore, the correct answer is true.

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Current Version
May 30, 2024

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Oct 01, 2012

Quiz Created by
Derrickdonald

Scientific Method (2nd Period)

In scientific research, the DEPENDENT VARIABLE is a factor that is measured to learn the effect of one or more independent variables.

The following could be an example of a hypothesis: "If the outdoor temperature decreases to 32 degrees Farenheit or colder (at standard pressure), then the lake will begin to freeze because water freezes at 32 degrees Farenheit."

According to the graph, the value of Sarah's car INCREASED between 2001 and 2007.

Tyrosine concentration ([Tyrsonine] mM) is shown as the DEPENDENT VARIABLE in this graph.