Skin Diseases And Disorders

1.

Wrinkling and sagging of skin are cause by weak:

Explanation
Wrinkling and sagging of the skin occur due to the weakening of elastin and collagen fibers. Elastin provides elasticity to the skin, allowing it to stretch and bounce back to its original shape. Collagen, on the other hand, provides structural support and strength to the skin. As these fibers weaken with age, the skin loses its elasticity and firmness, leading to the formation of wrinkles and sagging.

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2.

Signs of aging are influenced by:

Explanation
The signs of aging can be influenced by various factors such as sun exposure, health problems, lifestyle choices, and heredity. Sun exposure can cause damage to the skin, leading to wrinkles, age spots, and sagging. Health problems, such as chronic diseases or hormonal imbalances, can accelerate the aging process. Lifestyle choices, including smoking, poor nutrition, and lack of exercise, can also contribute to premature aging. Additionally, genetics play a role in determining how individuals age, as certain traits and characteristics may be inherited from parents or ancestors.

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3.

UVB rays give the body:

Explanation
UVB rays are a type of ultraviolet radiation that can penetrate the skin and activate the production of vitamin D in the body. Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are important minerals for maintaining healthy bones and teeth. Therefore, exposure to UVB rays can provide the body with vitamin D and other minerals necessary for maintaining optimal bone health.

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4.

American Cancer Society's checklist to find skin cancer:

Explanation
The American Cancer Society's checklist for finding skin cancer includes four criteria: asymmetry, border, color, and diameter. These criteria are used to assess moles or skin lesions that may be indicative of skin cancer. Asymmetry refers to whether one half of the mole or lesion looks different from the other half. Border examines whether the edges are irregular or poorly defined. Color assesses if the mole has multiple colors or if it has changed in color. Diameter measures the size of the mole, with larger sizes being more concerning. By evaluating these factors, individuals can identify potential signs of skin cancer and seek medical attention if necessary.

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5.

UVB rays, nicknamed:

Explanation
UVB rays are often referred to as "Burning Rays" because they are the primary cause of sunburns. These rays have a shorter wavelength compared to UVA rays and are more energetic. When UVB rays penetrate the skin, they can cause damage to the DNA in skin cells, leading to sunburns and an increased risk of skin cancer. Therefore, the nickname "Burning Rays" accurately describes the harmful effects of UVB rays on the skin.

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6.

UVA rays are:

Explanation
UVA rays are a type of ultraviolet radiation that can penetrate deeply into the skin and can also pass through glass windows. This means that even if you are indoors or in a car, UVA rays can still reach your skin and cause damage. It is important to protect yourself from UVA rays by wearing sunscreen and seeking shade when necessary.

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7.

% of aging cause by the sun is:

Explanation
The answer 80-85 indicates that the majority of aging is caused by the sun. This suggests that exposure to the sun's harmful UV rays over time can lead to premature aging of the skin, such as wrinkles, age spots, and loss of elasticity. Sun damage can also contribute to the development of skin cancer. Therefore, protecting the skin from the sun by using sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade can help prevent or minimize the effects of aging caused by the sun.

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8.

A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis is a:

Explanation
A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis is referred to as a fissure. Fissures are deep, linear breaks or openings in the skin that can occur due to various reasons, such as dryness, excessive pressure, or certain skin conditions. These cracks can be painful and may cause discomfort or bleeding. Fissures commonly occur on the feet, hands, or lips. Proper moisturization and care are essential to promote healing and prevent further complications.

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9.

Keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible openings are:

Explanation
Milia are keratin-filled cysts that form just beneath the epidermis and do not have any visible openings. These cysts are typically small, white or yellowish in color, and have a smooth texture. They are commonly found on the face, particularly around the nose, cheeks, and eyes. Milia are caused by the buildup of dead skin cells and can occur in people of all ages. While they are usually harmless and painless, they can be aesthetically bothersome. Treatment options for milia include exfoliation, topical retinoids, and extraction by a dermatologist.

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10.

Sebum from a comedo exposed to the environment turns black and:

Explanation
When sebum from a comedo (a clogged hair follicle) is exposed to the environment, it undergoes a process called oxidation. This means that the sebum reacts with oxygen in the air, causing it to turn black. This is why blackheads, which are open comedones, appear black in color. The oxidation process occurs due to the presence of melanin, a pigment that is naturally present in the skin. As the sebum oxidizes, it becomes darker in color, resulting in the black appearance of the comedo.

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11.

A mark on the skin is called a:

Explanation
A mark on the skin is called a lesion. A lesion refers to any abnormality or change in the skin's appearance, such as a cut, sore, rash, or bump. It can be caused by various factors, including injury, infection, or a disease. Lesions can vary in size, shape, color, and texture, and they may or may not be accompanied by other symptoms. It is important to identify and diagnose lesions properly to determine the appropriate treatment or intervention.

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12.

A closed abnormally developed sac containing fluid, pus or semiliquid is a:

Explanation
A cyst is a closed abnormally developed sac that contains fluid, pus, or semiliquid. It can occur in various parts of the body and is typically caused by a blockage or injury to the ducts or glands. Cysts can range in size and may or may not cause symptoms. Treatment options for cysts include draining the fluid or surgical removal, depending on the size, location, and symptoms.

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13.

Lesion that develops in the later stages of disease:

Explanation
A lesion that develops in the later stages of a disease is referred to as a secondary lesion. Secondary lesions are typically a result of the progression or evolution of a primary lesion. They can manifest in various forms, such as ulcers, scars, or crusts, and are often indicative of the advanced stage of the underlying disease.

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14.

The medical term for abnormal skin innflamation:

Explanation
Dermatitis is the correct answer for the medical term for abnormal skin inflammation. Dermatitis refers to the inflammation of the skin that can result in various symptoms such as redness, itching, and swelling. It can be caused by various factors including allergies, irritants, and underlying medical conditions. The term "derm" refers to the skin, and "-itis" indicates inflammation. Therefore, dermatitis accurately describes the condition of abnormal skin inflammation.

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15.

Chemicals released by the immune system to enlarge vesels around an injury are:

Explanation
Histamines are chemicals released by the immune system in response to an injury. They cause the blood vessels around the injury to enlarge, a process known as vasodilation. This increased blood flow helps to deliver more immune cells and nutrients to the site of injury, promoting healing and inflammation. Histamines also play a role in allergic reactions, as they can cause symptoms like itching, redness, and swelling.

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16.

The most common skin cancer characterized by light or pearly nodules:

A.

Verruca Cell
B.

Malignant melanoma
C.

Basal Cell carcinoma
D.

Squamous cell carcinoma

Correct Answer
C. Basal Cell carcinoma

Explanation
Basal cell carcinoma is the correct answer. It is the most common type of skin cancer and is characterized by the presence of light or pearly nodules on the skin. This type of cancer usually develops in areas of the skin that have been exposed to the sun, such as the face and neck. Basal cell carcinoma is generally slow-growing and rarely spreads to other parts of the body. It is important to detect and treat this type of cancer early to prevent further complications.

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17.

The abnormal growth of the skin is called:

Correct Answer
hypertrophy

Explanation
Hypertrophy refers to the abnormal growth of the skin. It is a condition characterized by an increase in the size or volume of cells, resulting in the enlargement of the affected area. This can occur due to various factors such as injury, inflammation, or underlying medical conditions. Hypertrophy can lead to the thickening or swelling of the skin, causing it to appear larger or abnormally shaped.

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18.

The most common skin disease for cosmeotologists:

A.

Seborrheic Dermatitis
B.

Macule
C.

Dermatits
D.

Dermatits Veneneta

Correct Answer
D. Dermatits Veneneta

Explanation
Dermatitis Veneneta refers to contact dermatitis, which is a common skin condition for cosmetologists. It occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen, leading to inflammation and other symptoms. Cosmetologists frequently handle various chemicals and products that can trigger contact dermatitis, making it the most common skin disease for them.

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19.

A greatly increased or exaggerated sensitivity to products is a:

Correct Answer
Sensitization

Explanation
Sensitization refers to the condition of having a greatly increased or exaggerated sensitivity to products. It implies that a person has developed a heightened reaction or response to certain substances, such as allergies or hypersensitivity. This can manifest as symptoms like rashes, itching, sneezing, or even severe allergic reactions. Sensitization can occur due to repeated exposure to the allergen, leading to the body's immune system overreacting to it.

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20.

A very common salon irritant:

Correct Answer
tap water

Explanation
Tap water can be a common irritant in salons due to its impurities and chemicals. It may contain chlorine, minerals, and other contaminants that can cause dryness, irritation, and damage to the hair and skin. These impurities can affect the effectiveness of salon treatments, such as hair coloring or chemical treatments. Therefore, salon professionals often recommend using filtered or distilled water in order to minimize the potential irritations and ensure better results for their clients.

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21.

What percentage of aging is determined by heredity?

Correct Answer
15%

Explanation
The given answer of 15% suggests that only a small percentage of aging is determined by heredity. This means that genetic factors play a relatively minor role in the aging process, while other factors such as lifestyle, environment, and personal habits have a greater influence. It implies that the majority of aging is influenced by external factors rather than genetics.

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