A Level 3 Biology Quiz About Speciation.

1.

Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation in New Zealand?

A.

The Kea and Kaka
B.

The Pukeko and Takahe
C.

The Hebes
D.

The Chatham Island Robin
E.

The Brown and Green Gecko

Correct Answer
A. The Kea and Kaka

Explanation
An example of adaptive radiation in New Zealand is the radiation of bird species, particularly the honeyeaters and parrots, including the Kea and Kaka. These birds have diversified and adapted to various ecological niches within New Zealand, leading to their widespread distribution and specialization. Therefore, the correct answer is:
The Kea and Kaka

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2.

Which of the following is an example of ecological speciation?

A.

The Kea and the Kaka
B.

The Pukeko and the Takahe
C.

The Hebes
D.

The Chatham Island Robin
E.

The Brown and Green Gecko

Correct Answer
E. The Brown and Green Gecko

Explanation
Ecological speciation refers to the formation of new species due to divergent natural selection pressures in different environments. The Brown and Green Gecko is an example of ecological speciation because these geckos have adapted to different habitats and developed distinct traits to survive in their respective environments. This divergence in traits and adaptation to different ecological niches has led to the formation of separate species.

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3.

In convergent evolution there is...

A.

Both phenotypic and genetic convergence
B.

Phenotypic and genetic divergence
C.

Phenotypic convergence and genetic divergence
D.

Genotypic convergence and genetic divergence

Correct Answer
C. pHenotypic convergence and genetic divergence

Explanation
at the level of DNA all evolution is divergent

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4.

Polyploidy is an example of ________________________ sympatric speciation.

Correct Answer
instantaneous

Explanation
Polyploidy is an example of instantaneous sympatric speciation because it occurs when an organism gains one or more extra sets of chromosomes in a single generation, leading to the formation of a new species. This process can happen suddenly and in the same geographic location, without the need for geographic isolation or gradual genetic changes. Polyploidy can result in reproductive isolation and the formation of a new species, making it an example of instantaneous sympatric speciation.

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5.

An organism that has gained an extra set of chromosomes from another species is an example of...

Correct Answer
allopolyploidy

Explanation
Allopolyploidy refers to the condition where an organism has acquired an additional set of chromosomes from a different species. This can occur through hybridization between two species, resulting in a hybrid organism with a doubled chromosome number. The presence of this extra set of chromosomes can lead to genetic variation and potentially new traits in the organism. Therefore, an organism that has gained an extra set of chromosomes from another species is an example of allopolyploidy.

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6.

Hybrid inviability is an example of a ______________________ reproductive isolating mechanism.

Correct Answer
post-zygotic
postzygotic
post zygotic

Explanation
Hybrid inviability is a type of reproductive isolating mechanism that occurs after the formation of a zygote. It refers to the situation where the offspring of two different species fail to develop properly and cannot survive to reproductive age. This mechanism prevents gene flow between species by reducing the fitness of hybrid individuals. Therefore, "post-zygotic," "postzygotic," or "post zygotic" all accurately describe hybrid inviability as a reproductive isolating mechanism.

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7.

Which of these reproductive isolating mechanism are pre-zygotic...

A.

Hybrid sterility
B.

Mechanical differences
C.

Behavioural differences
D.

Habitat Difference
E.

Hybrid Breakdown

Correct Answer(s)
B. Mechanical differences
C. Behavioural differences
D. Habitat Difference

Explanation
Pre-zygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms occur before the formation of a zygote. Mechanical differences refer to physical incompatibilities between reproductive organs, making successful mating impossible. Behavioural differences involve differences in courtship rituals or behaviors that prevent individuals from recognizing or attracting mates of different species. Habitat differences occur when species occupy different habitats, preventing them from coming into contact and mating. Therefore, mechanical differences, behavioural differences, and habitat differences are all examples of pre-zygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms. Hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown, on the other hand, are post-zygotic mechanisms that occur after fertilization.

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