1.
Which of the following best describes Abbasid Caliph Al-Madhi?
Correct Answer
D. He established a taste for luxury and monumental building
Explanation
Abbasid Caliph Al-Madhi is described as someone who established a taste for luxury and monumental building. This implies that he had a preference for opulence and grandeur, and he actively promoted the construction of large and impressive structures. This suggests that he prioritized the development of extravagant architectural projects and indulged in lavish lifestyles.
2.
How many Caliphs do the Shia NOT recognize after Mohammad?
Correct Answer
C. 3
Explanation
Shia Muslims recognize the first three Caliphs after Mohammad, namely Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman. However, they do not recognize the fourth Caliph, Ali, as they believe that he should have been the immediate successor to Mohammad. Instead, they consider Ali to be the first rightful Imam. Therefore, the correct answer is 3, as the Shia do not recognize the third Caliph, Uthman.
3.
Which of the following in NOT true of Caliph Harun al-Rashid?
Correct Answer
C. He received the gift of a war elepHant from Charlemagne
Explanation
Caliph Harun al-Rashid did not receive the gift of a war elephant from Charlemagne.
4.
Which is the best term for the following description?
A house or a section of a house reserved for women members of a Muslim household.
Correct Answer
C. Harem
Explanation
A harem is the best term for the given description because it refers to a house or section of a house that is specifically reserved for women members of a Muslim household. In this context, the term "harem" is commonly used to describe the living quarters of wives, concubines, and female relatives who are secluded from the outside world. The other options, such as concubine, consort, and eunuch, do not accurately capture the specific description provided.
5.
Choose the phrase that makes the following statement true: "The One Thousand and One Nights"...
Correct Answer
D. ... relates tales of the courtesans in al-Rashid's reign
6.
Which statement best complete the following premise:
al-Rashid willed the Empire be divided his between his sons, but ...
Correct Answer
A. ... al-Rashid's death prompted the first of several full-scale civil wars between al-Amin and al-Ma-mum
Explanation
After al-Rashid's death, a power struggle ensued between his sons al-Amin and al-Ma-mum, leading to several full-scale civil wars. This suggests that the division of the empire among his sons did not go as planned and instead resulted in conflict and instability within the empire.
7.
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After examining the map, pick the statement that is depicted in the map.
Correct Answer
C. Merchant Muslims do NOT outearn their Hindi counterparts
Explanation
The map does not provide any information about the earnings of Merchant Muslims and their Hindi counterparts. Therefore, it cannot be determined from the map whether Merchant Muslims outearn their Hindi counterparts or not.
8.
The 4th caliph; the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad who was meant to be the original successor of Muhammad but was too young. Caused warfare between the Sunnis and Shi'a for not punnishing the murderer of the 3rd caliph, Uthman
Correct Answer
B. Ali
Explanation
Ali is the correct answer because he was the 4th caliph and the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad. He was meant to be the original successor of Muhammad but was considered too young at the time. He caused warfare between the Sunnis and Shi'a for not punishing the murderer of the 3rd caliph, Uthman.
9.
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Sufis
Correct Answer
A. Mystics within Islam… responsible for expansion of Islam in southeastern Asia
Explanation
The correct answer is "mystics within Islam... responsible for expansion of Islam in southeastern Asia." This answer accurately describes Sufis, who are mystical practitioners within Islam. Sufis played a significant role in spreading Islam to Southeast Asia through their teachings and spiritual practices. They established Sufi orders and engaged in missionary activities, attracting followers and contributing to the growth of Islam in the region.
10.
Five Pillars refers to ....
Correct Answer
C. 5 religious duties of Muslims
Explanation
The term "Five Pillars" is commonly used to refer to the five religious duties that Muslims are required to fulfill. These duties include the declaration of faith (Shahada), prayer (Salat), giving to charity (Zakat), fasting during Ramadan (Sawm), and making a pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj). These pillars are considered essential acts of worship and serve as the foundation of the Islamic faith.
11.
Christians and Jews who shared the Bible with Muslims, could be taxed by Muslims are called
Correct Answer
A. Dhimmi
Explanation
Christians and Jews who shared the Bible with Muslims could be taxed by Muslims. This group of people is called "dhimmi". The term "dhimmi" refers to non-Muslims living in an Islamic state who are granted certain rights and protection in exchange for paying a special tax called "jizya". This tax was imposed on non-Muslims as a form of tribute and to differentiate them from Muslims. The concept of dhimmi was prevalent during the Umayyad Caliphate and other Islamic empires.
12.
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Allah
Correct Answer
C. Muslim God
Explanation
The term "Allah" refers to the Muslim God. It is the central concept in Islam, representing the one and only God worshiped by Muslims. Muslims believe that Allah is the creator and sustainer of the universe and that he is all-powerful, all-knowing, and merciful. The term "Allah" is used exclusively for God in the Islamic faith and is not used to refer to any other deity or concept.
13.
Great trading center where Muhammad fled to and solved their civil war
Correct Answer
B. Medina
Explanation
Medina is the correct answer because it is the city where Muhammad fled to during the early years of Islam to escape persecution in Mecca. It was in Medina that Muhammad was able to establish a strong Muslim community and resolve the civil war between the tribes of Medina. This event, known as the Hijra, is considered a significant turning point in Islamic history.
14.
From this map we can learn
Correct Answer
B. How Islam Spread in 3 distinct stages
15.
All of the following were the causes for the weaknesses of the later Abbasid Empire except ...
Correct Answer
D. Achievements in the Sciences
Explanation
The later Abbasid Empire experienced weaknesses due to factors such as imperial extravagance, succession disputes, and nomadic incursions. However, achievements in the sciences were not a cause for these weaknesses. This suggests that while the Abbasid Empire made significant advancements in various scientific fields, these achievements did not contribute to the decline or weaknesses of the empire.
16.
al-Ghazali was...
Correct Answer
C. ... a brilliant Islamic theologian; attempted to fuse Greek and Quranic traditions.
17.
He was a 7th century north Indian ruler; built a large state that declined after his death in 646.
Correct Answer
A. Harsha
Explanation
Harsha was a 7th century north Indian ruler who built a large state. However, after his death in 646, the state declined.
18.
To what extent were Muslims successful in converting Indians to Islam?
Correct Answer
A. Not at all successful
Explanation
Muslims were not successful in converting Indians to Islam. Despite ruling over large parts of India for several centuries, the majority of the Indian population did not convert to Islam. The Hindu majority in India remained steadfast in their faith, and many communities, such as the Sikhs and the Jains, also resisted conversion. The Muslim rulers' attempts to convert Indians through force or coercion were largely unsuccessful, and the majority of the Indian population continued to practice their own religions.
19.
Pictured here is the
Correct Answer
A. Site of the tomb of Alī, the First Imam of Shia's, in Najaf, Iraq.
20.
Which of the following was not a reason for the decline of the Abbasid dynasty by the ninth century C.E.?
Correct Answer
D. The collapse of the cities
Explanation
The collapse of the cities was not a reason for the decline of the Abbasid dynasty by the ninth century C.E. The other options provide valid reasons for the decline. The difficulty of moving armies across the vast empire, the retention of regional identities by the population, and the difficulty of compelling local administrators to obey all contributed to the decline. However, the collapse of the cities did not play a significant role in the decline of the dynasty.
21.
What was the rule of succession to the office of caliph during the Abbasid dynasty?
Correct Answer
B. There was no accepted rule of succession.
Explanation
During the Abbasid dynasty, there was no accepted rule of succession to the office of caliph. Unlike other dynasties where primogeniture or succession of the oldest son was the norm, the Abbasids did not have a fixed system in place. Instead, the caliphate was often contested and power struggles among different factions and families were common. This lack of a clear rule of succession led to instability and frequent changes in leadership during the Abbasid era.
22.
What was the result of the civil wars following the death of al-Rashid?
Correct Answer
C. Candidates for the throne recognized the need to build up personal armies, often of slave soldiers.
Explanation
Candidates for the throne recognized the need to build up personal armies, often of slave soldiers. This suggests that after the death of al-Rashid, there was a power struggle for the throne, and those vying for power understood that having their own armies would be crucial in securing their position. The mention of slave soldiers implies that individuals were willing to go to extreme measures, such as enslaving others, to strengthen their military forces and increase their chances of success in the civil wars.
23.
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the collapse of the agricultural economy during the Abbasid Caliphate?
Correct Answer
C. Decline of the cities leading to falling demand for food supplies
Explanation
The decline of the cities leading to falling demand for food supplies was not a cause of the collapse of the agricultural economy during the Abbasid Caliphate. This implies that the cities did not experience a decline, and there was a steady demand for food supplies from urban areas.
24.
What did the Abbasid creation of the harem imply?
Correct Answer
D. the increasing seclusion of women from public life
Explanation
The correct answer implies that the creation of the harem by the Abbasids led to the increasing seclusion of women from public life. This suggests that women were being confined to private spaces and were restricted from participating in public activities.
25.
Which of the following statements concerning the Crusades is most accurate?
Correct Answer
B. Crusader strongholds in the holy land were held until the eighteenth century.
26.
http://awesome.good.is/transparency/003/transparency003sunnisshiites.html
What is the best explanation for the Shia Sunni Sschism or Split we see today in the Islamic Community?
Correct Answer
A. Ali is the central figure at the origin of the Shia / Sunni split
Explanation
The best explanation for the Shia Sunni split is that Ali, the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, is the central figure at the origin of the split. This split occurred after the death of Muhammad, when there was a dispute over who should succeed him as the leader of the Muslim community. Ali's supporters believed that he should be the rightful successor, while the Sunni majority believed that the leadership should be determined through consensus. This disagreement led to a division within the Islamic community, with the Shia and Sunni branches forming as a result.