Surgical Technology Examination Appleton & Lange Pg74-88 CST Exam Prep
Surgical Technology Examination Appleton & Lange pg74-88 CST exam prep
- 1.
545. the power source for Hall power equipment is
- A.
Carbon dioxide
- B.
Nitrous oxide
- C.
Nitrogen
- D.
Electricity
Correct Answer
C. NitrogenExplanation
The power source for Hall power equipment is nitrogen. This is because nitrogen is commonly used as a power source in Hall power equipment, such as Hall thrusters. These thrusters use an electric field to accelerate ions, and nitrogen gas is often used as the propellant in these systems. It is ionized and accelerated by the electric field to produce thrust, making nitrogen the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 2.
546. A neurosurgical drill used for precision cutting, shaping, and repair of bone is the
- A.
Bermann
- B.
Air Drill 100
- C.
Mayfield
- D.
Gardner
Correct Answer
B. Air Drill 100Explanation
The correct answer is "Air Drill 100". The Air Drill 100 is a neurosurgical drill specifically designed for precision cutting, shaping, and repair of bone. It is commonly used in neurosurgery procedures to create burr holes and perform craniotomies. The Air Drill 100 is known for its high speed and accuracy, making it an essential tool for neurosurgeons to perform delicate procedures with minimal damage to surrounding tissues.Rate this question:
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- 3.
547. In what surgery would a small fragment compression set be used?
- A.
Hip fracture
- B.
Femoral fracture
- C.
Pelvic fracture
- D.
Olecranon fracture
Correct Answer
D. Olecranon fractureExplanation
A small fragment compression set is typically used in surgeries for olecranon fractures. The olecranon is the bony prominence at the back of the elbow, and a fracture in this area can cause significant pain and limited mobility. A small fragment compression set consists of screws and plates that are specifically designed for smaller bone fragments, making it suitable for repairing fractures in the olecranon. This type of surgery helps to stabilize the fractured bone and promote proper healing, allowing the patient to regain normal function of the elbow joint.Rate this question:
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- 4.
548. A permanent pacemaker operates on a p ulse generator powered by
- A.
Nitrogen
- B.
Titanium
- C.
Electricity
- D.
Lithium
Correct Answer
D. LithiumExplanation
A permanent pacemaker operates on a pulse generator powered by lithium. Lithium is commonly used in pacemakers due to its long-lasting and stable energy storage capabilities. It has a high energy density and can provide a reliable power source for extended periods of time. This makes lithium an ideal choice for powering the pulse generator in a permanent pacemaker, as it ensures that the device can function effectively and consistently over an extended period without the need for frequent battery replacements.Rate this question:
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- 5.
549. Which item is an air drill?
- A.
Reese
- B.
Padgett-Hood
- C.
Hall
- D.
Brown
Correct Answer
C. HallExplanation
The question asks for an item that is an air drill. Among the given options, "Hall" is the only one that can be interpreted as an item. Reese, Padgett-Hood, and Brown do not provide any indication that they could be an air drill. Therefore, Hall is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 6.
550. Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery
- A.
To reduce oxygen consumption
- B.
To reduce elevated temperature
- C.
To slow metabolism
- D.
To induce ventricular fibrillation
Correct Answer
A. To reduce oxygen consumptionExplanation
Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery to reduce oxygen consumption. When the body is cooled, the metabolic rate decreases, resulting in a lower demand for oxygen. This allows the heart to work more efficiently during surgery, as the reduced oxygen consumption helps to protect the heart muscle and prevent damage. By reducing the oxygen requirements of the body, hypothermia can also help to prolong the time that the heart can be stopped during surgery, allowing for more complex procedures to be performed.Rate this question:
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- 7.
551. Which item is not a component of a cardiopulmonary bypass system?
- A.
Oxygenator
- B.
Heat exchanger
- C.
Ventricular fibrillator
- D.
Pump
Correct Answer
C. Ventricular fibrillatorExplanation
A cardiopulmonary bypass system is used during heart surgery to temporarily take over the function of the heart and lungs. It consists of various components that help maintain blood circulation and oxygenation. The oxygenator is responsible for adding oxygen to the blood, the heat exchanger helps regulate the temperature of the blood, and the pump circulates the blood throughout the body. However, a ventricular fibrillator is not a component of a cardiopulmonary bypass system. A ventricular fibrillator is a device used to treat abnormal heart rhythms, specifically ventricular fibrillation.Rate this question:
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- 8.
552. Which movement in a power instrument drills holes or inserts screws, wires, or pins?
- A.
Rotary movement
- B.
Reciprocating movement
- C.
Oscillating movement
- D.
Alternating movement
Correct Answer
A. Rotary movementExplanation
The correct answer is rotary movement. Rotary movement refers to the circular motion of a power instrument, such as a drill, which is used to drill holes or insert screws, wires, or pins. This type of movement allows the tool to rotate continuously in one direction, providing the necessary force and precision for drilling or fastening tasks.Rate this question:
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- 9.
553. The power instrument that is small, lightweight, free of vibration, and easy to handle for pinpoint accuracy at high speed is
- A.
Electrically powered
- B.
Battery-powered
- C.
Sonic energy powered
- D.
Air powered
Correct Answer
D. Air poweredExplanation
An air-powered instrument is small, lightweight, and free of vibration, making it easy to handle. It provides pinpoint accuracy at high speeds due to the compressed air that powers it. This type of instrument is commonly used in various industries such as automotive, construction, and manufacturing, where precision and speed are crucial. It is an efficient and reliable choice for tasks that require accuracy and maneuverability.Rate this question:
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- 10.
554. The power source for the Air Drill 100 is
- A.
Electricity
- B.
Fiberoptic bundles
- C.
Ultrasonic power
- D.
Compressed nitrogen
Correct Answer
D. Compressed nitrogenExplanation
The power source for the Air Drill 100 is compressed nitrogen. This means that the device operates using the pressure generated by compressed nitrogen to perform its functions. It does not rely on electricity, fiberoptic bundles, or ultrasonic power for its power source.Rate this question:
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- 11.
556. Suction tubing should be processed in the following way
- A.
Residual of distilled water in lumen, steam sterilize, tubing coiled
- B.
Residual of Celine Craxi residual of saline in lumen, ethylene oxide sterilization (ETO), tubing coiled
- C.
Lumen dried thoroughly, ETO, tubing banded
- D.
A or B
Correct Answer
A. Residual of distilled water in lumen, steam sterilize, tubing coiledExplanation
The correct answer is residual of distilled water in lumen, steam sterilize, tubing coiled. This is the correct way to process suction tubing because residual distilled water in the lumen helps to remove any debris or contaminants. Steam sterilization is the most effective method for killing microorganisms and ensuring the tubing is sterile. Coiling the tubing helps to maintain its cleanliness and prevent contamination.Rate this question:
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- 12.
555. The power source for air-powered dermatomes is
- A.
Compressed nitrogen
- B.
Nitrous oxide
- C.
Air
- D.
A or C
Correct Answer
D. A or CExplanation
The power source for air-powered dermatomes can be either compressed nitrogen or air. Both compressed nitrogen and air can be used to generate the necessary power for the operation of the dermatome. Nitrous oxide, on the other hand, is not commonly used as a power source for air-powered dermatomes. Therefore, the correct answer is A or C.Rate this question:
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- 13.
557. The suction tip of his right angled and is used for small amounts of fluid such as in brain surgery is
- A.
Poole
- B.
Ferguson-Frazier
- C.
Yankauer
- D.
Tungsten
Correct Answer
B. Ferguson-FrazierExplanation
The correct answer is Ferguson-Frazier. The Ferguson-Frazier suction tip is a right-angled instrument that is commonly used in brain surgery. It is designed for the removal of small amounts of fluid, such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid, from the surgical site. The angled shape of the tip allows for better access to tight spaces and helps to minimize trauma to surrounding tissues. This suction tip is often preferred in neurosurgery due to its precision and effectiveness in delicate procedures.Rate this question:
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- 14.
558. Which suction tip has an angle and is used in the mouth or throat?
- A.
Ferguson
- B.
Ferguson-Frazier
- C.
Poole
- D.
Yankauer
Correct Answer
D. YankauerExplanation
The Yankauer suction tip is used in the mouth or throat because it has an angled design that allows for better access and suctioning in these areas. It is commonly used during surgical procedures or for oral suctioning to remove fluids or debris from the patient's mouth or throat. The other options, Ferguson, Ferguson-Frazier, and Poole suction tips, do not specifically mention being used in the mouth or throat, making Yankauer the most appropriate choice.Rate this question:
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- 15.
559. Each of the following steps can assist in the immediate determination of intraoperative blood loss EXCEPT
- A.
Visual inspection of blood in sponges
- B.
Measurement of blood and sponges by weighing
- C.
Estimation of blood in suction container
- D.
Complete blood count
Correct Answer
D. Complete blood countExplanation
A complete blood count (CBC) is a laboratory test that provides information about the cells in a person's blood, including the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. While a CBC can provide valuable information about a patient's overall blood health, it is not a direct method for determining intraoperative blood loss. Intraoperative blood loss is usually determined through visual inspection of blood in sponges, measurement of blood and sponges by weighing, and estimation of blood in the suction container. Therefore, the correct answer is complete blood count.Rate this question:
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- 16.
560. When using a cellsaver for autologous blood transfusion, the blood is suctioned through a double lumen tubing and is
- A.
Heparinized
- B.
Homogenized
- C.
Sterilized
- D.
Water-bathed
Correct Answer
A. HeparinizedExplanation
When using a cellsaver for autologous blood transfusion, the blood is suctioned through a double lumen tubing and is heparinized. Heparinization is important to prevent clotting of the blood during the collection process. Heparin is an anticoagulant that inhibits the formation of blood clots by preventing the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. By heparinizing the blood, it remains in a liquid state and can be processed and transfused back into the patient without any clotting complications.Rate this question:
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- 17.
561. During orthopedic surgery the suction tubing should be
- A.
Clamped off or kinked until needed
- B.
Cleared frequently
- C.
Sterilized with instrument sets
- D.
Attached to a scavenging system
Correct Answer
B. Cleared frequentlyExplanation
During orthopedic surgery, the suction tubing should be cleared frequently. This is because the suction tubing is used to remove fluids and debris from the surgical site, and if it becomes clogged or blocked, it can hinder the surgeon's ability to effectively visualize and operate on the area. By clearing the tubing frequently, any accumulated fluids or debris can be removed, ensuring optimal suction and maintaining a clear surgical field.Rate this question:
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- 18.
562. Which type of surgery would require several patent suction cannulas and suction often controlled by a foot pedal?
- A.
Gynecologic
- B.
Thoracic
- C.
Urologic
- D.
Ear, nose, throat (ENT)
Correct Answer
D. Ear, nose, throat (ENT)Explanation
ENT surgery often requires the use of several patent suction cannulas and suction that is often controlled by a foot pedal. This is because ENT surgery involves procedures on the ear, nose, and throat, which often require the removal of fluids and secretions from these areas. The use of multiple suction cannulas allows for efficient and thorough removal of these fluids, while the foot pedal control allows the surgeon to easily regulate the suction as needed during the procedure.Rate this question:
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- 19.
563. When suctioning in neurosurgery a precaution taken is to
- A.
Prepare one reserve canister
- B.
Separate cells for study
- C.
Avoided applying vacuum directly on brain or neural tissue
- D.
Avoided if actuating cerebrospinal fluid
Correct Answer
C. Avoided applying vacuum directly on brain or neural tissueExplanation
During suctioning in neurosurgery, it is important to avoid applying vacuum directly on the brain or neural tissue. This precaution is taken to prevent any damage or injury to the delicate brain and neural structures. Suctioning should be done carefully and gently to ensure the safety of the patient and to minimize the risk of complications.Rate this question:
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- 20.
564. A tourniquet is utilized
- A.
Only in lower extremity bleeding
- B.
Only when hemorrhage is not controlled by other methods
- C.
In all venous bleeding
- D.
And all arterial bleeding
Correct Answer
B. Only when hemorrhage is not controlled by other methodsExplanation
A tourniquet is a device used to control severe bleeding by applying pressure to a limb. It is not the first choice for controlling bleeding and should only be used when other methods have failed to stop the hemorrhage. This is because a tourniquet can cause damage to the tissues and restrict blood flow to the limb, which can lead to complications. Therefore, it is important to exhaust other methods of bleeding control before resorting to the use of a tourniquet.Rate this question:
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- 21.
565. The proper setting for a tourniquet applied to an arm is
- A.
100-200 mm Hg
- B.
250-300 mm Hg
- C.
350-450 mm Hg
- D.
400-500 mm Hg
Correct Answer
B. 250-300 mm HgExplanation
A tourniquet is a device used to temporarily stop the flow of blood to a limb during medical procedures. The proper setting for a tourniquet applied to an arm is 250-300 mm Hg. This range of pressure is sufficient to occlude the blood vessels and prevent bleeding, but not so high that it causes excessive discomfort or potential damage to the tissues. It strikes a balance between effectiveness and safety, ensuring that the limb is adequately controlled without compromising the patient's well-being.Rate this question:
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- 22.
566. Exsanguination of a limb before tourniquet inflation is accomplished with wrapping the elevated extremity with
- A.
Kling
- B.
Esmarch
- C.
Stockingette
- D.
Webril
Correct Answer
B. EsmarchExplanation
Esmarch is used for exsanguination of a limb before tourniquet inflation. Exsanguination refers to the removal or reduction of blood from a specific area, in this case, the limb. Esmarch is a type of bandage that is wrapped tightly around the limb from distal to proximal to push the blood out of the limb and towards the heart. This process helps to minimize bleeding during surgery or other medical procedures.Rate this question:
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- 23.
567. The amount of pressure used to inflate a tourniquet depends on all of the following EXCEPT
- A.
Patient's age
- B.
Size of extremity
- C.
Depth of surgical incision
- D.
Systolic blood pressure
Correct Answer
C. Depth of surgical incisionExplanation
The amount of pressure used to inflate a tourniquet depends on the patient's age, size of extremity, and systolic blood pressure. However, the depth of surgical incision does not affect the amount of pressure needed to inflate a tourniquet.Rate this question:
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- 24.
568. A regional block that uses the tourniquet is a(n)
- A.
Bier block
- B.
Intrathecal block
- C.
Peridural block
- D.
Field block
Correct Answer
A. Bier blockExplanation
A Bier block is a regional block that involves the use of a tourniquet. It is a technique used for regional anesthesia in which a local anesthetic is injected into a limb, and a tourniquet is applied to temporarily block the blood flow. This helps to confine the anesthetic agent to the specific area, allowing for effective pain relief during procedures such as surgery or blood transfusions.Rate this question:
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- 25.
569. The tourniquet is contraindicted if
- A.
Patient's circulation to distal part of extremity is poor
- B.
Patient is elderly
- C.
Patient is obese
- D.
Patient has epidural anesthesia
Correct Answer
A. Patient's circulation to distal part of extremity is poorExplanation
The tourniquet is contraindicated if the patient's circulation to the distal part of the extremity is poor. This means that if the patient has compromised blood flow to the area where the tourniquet would be applied, using a tourniquet could further restrict blood flow and potentially cause harm. It is important to ensure proper blood circulation before applying a tourniquet to avoid any complications or risks to the patient's health.Rate this question:
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- 26.
570. Which action drains venous blood during tourniquet application?
- A.
Elevate extremity after tightening tourniquet
- B.
Ascertain extremity remains at body level as tourniquet is tightened
- C.
Elevate extremity before tightening tourniquet
- D.
Lower the extremity to below body level as tourniquet is tightened
Correct Answer
C. Elevate extremity before tightening tourniquetExplanation
Elevating the extremity before tightening the tourniquet helps to drain venous blood. By elevating the extremity, gravity assists in moving the blood away from the area, reducing the amount of blood in the veins. This makes it easier to apply the tourniquet and ensures that the tourniquet is effective in compressing the arteries and stopping arterial blood flow.Rate this question:
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- 27.
571. At what point should the surgeon be informed of the time of tourniquet application?
- A.
After 15 minutes, then every five minutes
- B.
After 1 hour, then every 15 minutes
- C.
After 2 hours, then every hour
- D.
After 3 hours, then every 15 minutes
Correct Answer
B. After 1 hour, then every 15 minutesExplanation
The surgeon should be informed of the time of tourniquet application after 1 hour, then every 15 minutes. This is important because the tourniquet is applied to temporarily stop the blood flow to a specific area during surgery. By informing the surgeon of the time of application, they can monitor the duration of the tourniquet and ensure that it is not applied for too long, which can lead to complications such as tissue damage or nerve injury. Additionally, providing updates every 15 minutes allows the surgeon to track the duration of the tourniquet more closely and make any necessary adjustments for patient safety.Rate this question:
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- 28.
572. When would the use of Esmarch be contraindicated?
- A.
Patient has had previous anesthesia
- B.
Patient has had recent injury
- C.
Patient has had recent cast
- D.
B and C
Correct Answer
D. B and CExplanation
The use of Esmarch would be contraindicated in patients who have had recent injury or recent cast. This is because Esmarch involves the application of a tourniquet to the limb, which could potentially worsen the injury or disrupt the healing process of a recent cast. Therefore, it is important to avoid using Esmarch in these situations to prevent any further complications or harm to the patient.Rate this question:
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- 29.
573. Which agent is NOT used to inflate pneumatic tourniquet?
- A.
Nitrous oxide
- B.
Air
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
Freon
Correct Answer
A. Nitrous oxideExplanation
Nitrous oxide is not used to inflate pneumatic tourniquets. Nitrous oxide is commonly used as an anesthetic agent in medical procedures, but it is not suitable for inflating tourniquets. Instead, tourniquets are typically inflated using air, oxygen, or occasionally freon. Nitrous oxide may not provide the necessary pressure or stability required for effective tourniquet inflation.Rate this question:
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- 30.
574. A precaution necessary when using a pneumatic tourniquet is
- A.
Limb must be continually elevated
- B.
Tourniquet time must not exceed 20 minutes
- C.
Solutions must be prevented from pooling under tourniquet
- D.
Inflation is done before prep and draping
Correct Answer
C. Solutions must be prevented from pooling under tourniquetExplanation
When using a pneumatic tourniquet, it is important to prevent solutions from pooling under the tourniquet. This is necessary to avoid contamination and potential infection. If solutions are allowed to accumulate under the tourniquet, they can seep into the wound or surgical site, increasing the risk of complications. Therefore, proper precautions should be taken to ensure that solutions are effectively prevented from pooling under the tourniquet during its use.Rate this question:
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- 31.
575. In which procedure would a tourniquet be contraindicated?
- A.
Tendon repair, child
- B.
Arthroscopy, adult
- C.
Bunion \ectomy
- D.
Gangrenous toe amputation
Correct Answer
D. Gangrenous toe amputationExplanation
A tourniquet is contraindicated in a gangrenous toe amputation procedure because the purpose of a tourniquet is to restrict blood flow to a specific area, which can be dangerous in a procedure involving a gangrenous toe. In this case, the toe is already compromised and lacks proper blood circulation, so further restricting blood flow could worsen the condition and potentially lead to further complications.Rate this question:
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- 32.
576. The following statements regarding a grounding plate for electrosurgery are true EXCEPT
- A.
The plate must have good contact with the patient's skin
- B.
The plate must be lubricated with electrosurgical gel
- C.
The plate must be placed directly over a bony prominence
- D.
The grounded pathway returns the electrical current to the unit after the surgeon delivers it to the operative site
Correct Answer
C. The plate must be placed directly over a bony prominenceExplanation
The correct answer is "the plate must be placed directly over a bony prominence." This is not true because a grounding plate for electrosurgery should not be placed directly over a bony prominence. It should be placed on a large muscle mass to ensure good contact and proper dispersal of the electrical current. Placing the plate over a bony prominence can cause discomfort and inadequate grounding.Rate this question:
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- 33.
577. A grounding pad is not required for the electrocautery in
- A.
A cutting current setting
- B.
A coagulation current setting
- C.
A monopolar unit
- D.
A bipolar unit
Correct Answer
D. A bipolar unitExplanation
A grounding pad is not required for the electrocautery in a bipolar unit because in a bipolar unit, the current flows only between the two electrodes of the instrument, which are both located within the surgical field. This means that the current does not need to be grounded through a separate pad placed on the patient's body, as is the case with a monopolar unit. In a bipolar unit, the current is localized and confined to the area between the two electrodes, reducing the risk of electrical burns or injury to surrounding tissues.Rate this question:
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- 34.
578. The inactive electrode of the cautery is the
- A.
Ground pad
- B.
Electrocautery pencil
- C.
Cable connecting pad to pencil
- D.
Blade tip pencil
Correct Answer
A. Ground padExplanation
The inactive electrode of the cautery is the ground pad. The ground pad is used to complete the electrical circuit during cautery procedures. It is placed on the patient's body away from the surgical site to provide a pathway for the electrical current to return to the cautery machine. This helps to prevent burns or injuries to the patient by ensuring that the electrical current flows only through the active electrode (cautery pencil) and not through the patient's body.Rate this question:
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- 35.
579. The electrical circuit of electrocautery is completed when
- A.
Current flows from the generator to inactive electrode, through tissue and back to generator
- B.
Current flows from active electrode to generator, to tissue and return
- C.
Current flows to and from the generator to patients via the active electrode
- D.
Current flows from generator to active electrode, through tissue, and back to the generator via the inactive electrode
Correct Answer
D. Current flows from generator to active electrode, through tissue, and back to the generator via the inactive electrodeExplanation
The correct answer is that the electrical circuit of electrocautery is completed when the current flows from the generator to the active electrode, through the tissue, and back to the generator via the inactive electrode. This is because electrocautery involves the use of an active electrode to deliver the electrical current to the tissue, and an inactive electrode to complete the circuit and allow the current to return to the generator.Rate this question:
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- 36.
580. Why must the electrocautery tip be kept clean?
- A.
To ensure electrical contact effectiveness
- B.
To avoid fire via accidental drape ignition
- C.
To prevent burn injuries to staff
- D.
To prevent circuit overload
Correct Answer
A. To ensure electrical contact effectivenessExplanation
The electrocautery tip must be kept clean to ensure electrical contact effectiveness. If the tip is dirty or contaminated, it may not provide a proper electrical connection, leading to ineffective cauterization during surgical procedures. Keeping the tip clean ensures that the electrical current flows smoothly and consistently, allowing for accurate and precise cauterization.Rate this question:
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- 37.
581. in the electrosurgery, "buzzing" refers to
- A.
Coagulation of vessel via a metal instrument touching the active electrode
- B.
Coagulation of tissue via a metal instrument touching the inactive electrode
- C.
Cutting current
- D.
Blended current (cutting and coagulating simultaneously)
Correct Answer
A. Coagulation of vessel via a metal instrument touching the active electrodeExplanation
In electrosurgery, "buzzing" refers to the coagulation of a vessel using a metal instrument that is touching the active electrode. When the active electrode comes into contact with the vessel, it generates heat, causing the vessel to coagulate and stop bleeding. This technique is commonly used in surgical procedures to control bleeding and achieve hemostasis.Rate this question:
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- 38.
582. Which is electrosurgical unit provides precise control of the coagulated area
- A.
Monopolar
- B.
Blended
- C.
Bipolar
- D.
Bovie
Correct Answer
C. BipolarExplanation
A bipolar electrosurgical unit provides precise control of the coagulated area. Unlike monopolar electrosurgery, which uses a single electrode to deliver energy and requires a grounding pad, bipolar electrosurgery uses two electrodes that are both placed in close proximity to the tissue being treated. This allows for more localized and controlled coagulation, making it ideal for delicate procedures where precision is crucial. Bovie is a brand that manufactures electrosurgical units, but it is not the only option for bipolar electrosurgery.Rate this question:
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- 39.
583. Which condition is MOST acceptable when using electrocautery?
- A.
Grounding pad placed on scar or hairy area
- B.
Ground pad placed on patient's forearm
- C.
Ground pad placed on the skin over metal implant
- D.
Ground pad placed close to operative site
Correct Answer
D. Ground pad placed close to operative siteExplanation
The most acceptable condition when using electrocautery is to have the ground pad placed close to the operative site. This is because placing the ground pad in close proximity to the site ensures that the electrical current will flow through the targeted tissue, effectively cauterizing it. Placing the ground pad on scar or hairy areas, the patient's forearm, or the skin over a metal implant may not provide optimal conductivity and could potentially lead to ineffective cauterization or damage to surrounding tissues.Rate this question:
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- 40.
584. The active electrode on the electrocautery is the
- A.
Dispersive electrode
- B.
Power unit
- C.
Grounding pad
- D.
Tip
Correct Answer
D. TipExplanation
The active electrode on the electrocautery is the tip. The tip of the electrocautery is the part that delivers the electrical current to the tissue, causing it to heat up and coagulate or cut. The tip is the active component of the electrocautery device and is responsible for the surgical effects achieved during the procedure.Rate this question:
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- 41.
585. A cautery would not be used
- A.
When Betadine skin prep is used
- B.
In cases requiring irrigation
- C.
In neck or nasopharynx surgery if nitrous oxide is used
- D.
In hernia repair if an epidural is used
Correct Answer
C. In neck or nasopHarynx surgery if nitrous oxide is usedExplanation
A cautery would not be used in neck or nasopharynx surgery if nitrous oxide is used because nitrous oxide is a flammable gas and can increase the risk of fire or explosion when used with an electrical cautery. Therefore, alternative methods of hemostasis would be utilized in these surgeries to control bleeding.Rate this question:
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- 42.
586. Why are only moist sponges utilized during electrocautery use?
- A.
To prevent snagging on sponges on a cautery tip
- B.
To prevent fire
- C.
To reflect beam
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. To prevent fireExplanation
Moist sponges are utilized during electrocautery use to prevent fire. This is because moist sponges can conduct electricity and help disperse the heat generated during the procedure, reducing the risk of overheating and ignition. Dry sponges, on the other hand, can easily catch fire when in contact with the electric current, posing a serious hazard to the patient and the surgical team. Therefore, using moist sponges is a safety measure to prevent the occurrence of fires during electrocautery procedures.Rate this question:
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- 43.
587. If the electrocautery is used through the colonoscope, carbon dioxide should be available to flush out the colon because
- A.
Gases normally in colon could cause explosion
- B.
There is a need for good visibility
- C.
A reduction of heat buildup may be necessary
- D.
There is a need for carbon dioxide replacement
Correct Answer
A. Gases normally in colon could cause explosionExplanation
When electrocautery is used through the colonoscope, there is a risk of gases normally present in the colon causing an explosion. These gases, such as methane and hydrogen, can be ignited by the electrical current used in electrocautery. Therefore, it is important to have carbon dioxide available to flush out the colon and replace these potentially explosive gases. This ensures safety during the procedure. Additionally, good visibility is important during the procedure, but the main reason for having carbon dioxide available is to prevent the risk of explosion.Rate this question:
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- 44.
588. Fulguration is utilized primarily in ________ surgery.
- A.
ENT
- B.
Gynecologic
- C.
Thoracic
- D.
Transurethral resection (TUR) and prostate operations
Correct Answer
D. Transurethral resection (TUR) and prostate operationsExplanation
Fulguration is a surgical technique that uses high-frequency electrical current to destroy tissue. It is primarily used in transurethral resection (TUR) and prostate operations. In TUR, fulguration is used to remove abnormal tissue from the bladder or urethra, while in prostate operations, it is used to treat conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by removing excess prostate tissue. Fulguration is not commonly used in ENT, gynecologic, or thoracic surgeries.Rate this question:
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- 45.
589. When working in the bladder why is more or higher electrical current necessary during cautery use?
- A.
More current is needed when working in solution
- B.
Bladder tissue is tougher
- C.
High-voltage arcing requires it
- D.
Eschar formation is to be avoided
Correct Answer
A. More current is needed when working in solutionExplanation
When working in the bladder, more current is needed when working in solution. This is because the electrical current tends to disperse in the solution, making it less effective in cauterizing the tissue. Therefore, a higher current is required to ensure that enough heat is generated to effectively cauterize the tissue in the bladder.Rate this question:
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- 46.
590. Fulguration via the resectoscope is accomplished by the use of a(n) ______ tip.
- A.
Electrode
- B.
Ball
- C.
Blade
- D.
Needle
Correct Answer
A. ElectrodeExplanation
Fulguration via the resectoscope is a surgical technique that involves the use of electrical current to destroy tissue. In this case, the correct answer is "electrode" because it is the tool used to deliver the electrical current. The electrode tip is designed to effectively transmit the electrical energy to the tissue, allowing for precise and controlled destruction. The other options, such as ball, blade, and needle, do not have the same capability to deliver electrical current and are not typically used for fulguration procedures.Rate this question:
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- 47.
591. A direct visualization of the common bile duct is done by means of a(n)
- A.
Cholangiocath
- B.
Fogarty catheter
- C.
Choledochoscope
- D.
Operative microscope
Correct Answer
C. CholedochoscopeExplanation
A choledochoscope is a medical instrument used to directly visualize the common bile duct. It is inserted through a small incision and allows the healthcare professional to examine the duct and surrounding structures in detail. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose and treat conditions such as gallstones, tumors, or strictures in the common bile duct. The choledochoscope provides a clear and magnified view of the duct, allowing for accurate assessment and appropriate intervention if necessary.Rate this question:
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- 48.
592. Fiberoptic lighting is
- A.
A cool light
- B.
Made of plastic fibers
- C.
Of low intensity
- D.
Powered by battery
Correct Answer
A. A cool lightExplanation
Fiberoptic lighting refers to a type of lighting that uses optical fibers to transmit light. It is called a "cool light" because it does not produce heat, unlike traditional light sources. The plastic fibers used in fiberoptic lighting are flexible and can be easily manipulated to create various lighting effects. The intensity of fiberoptic lighting can be adjusted, making it suitable for different purposes and settings. However, the answer does not mention anything about being powered by a battery, so it is unclear if this is a correct statement.Rate this question:
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- 49.
593. Complications can occur during endoscopy, such as
- A.
Infection
- B.
Bleeding
- C.
Perforation
- D.
B and C
Correct Answer
D. B and CExplanation
Complications can occur during endoscopy, including infection, bleeding, and perforation. Infection can happen if the equipment used during the procedure is not properly sterilized or if there is a breach in the body's natural defenses. Bleeding can occur if a blood vessel is accidentally damaged during the procedure or if there is an underlying bleeding disorder. Perforation refers to the accidental puncture or tear in the wall of the organ being examined, which can cause leakage of contents into the abdominal cavity and potentially lead to infection or other serious complications. Therefore, the correct answer is B and C.Rate this question:
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- 50.
594. An endoscopy procedure that does not require a sterile setup is
- A.
Laparoscopy
- B.
Bronchoscopy
- C.
Arthroscopy
- D.
Mediastinoscopy
- E.
Correct Answer
B. BronchoscopyExplanation
Bronchoscopy is an endoscopy procedure that does not require a sterile setup. This is because bronchoscopy involves the examination of the airways and lungs, which are already exposed to the external environment. Unlike laparoscopy, arthroscopy, and mediastinoscopy, which involve accessing internal organs or cavities that need a sterile environment to prevent infection, bronchoscopy can be performed without the need for sterility.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 26, 2010Quiz Created by
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