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The North American Aviation T-6 Texan is an American single-engine advanced trainer aircraft used to train pilots of the United States Army Air Forces, United States Navy, and Royal Air Force. Test Ops Limits with this quiz.
Questions and Answers
1.
Emergency Engine Shutdown on the Ground (Write in Capital)
Explanation In the event of an emergency engine shutdown on the ground, the correct procedure is to first turn the PCL (Power Control Lever) to the OFF position. This will shut off the fuel flow to the engine. Then, the firewall shutoff handle should be pulled. This handle is located on the firewall and is used to cut off the fuel supply from the aircraft's fuel system to the engine. By following these steps, the engine will be safely shut down and the fuel supply will be cut off, reducing the risk of fire or further damage.
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2.
Abort
Explanation The correct answer suggests that in order to abort a takeoff, the pilot should move the Power Control Lever (PCL) to idle position and apply brakes as required. This action will help in reducing the engine power and bringing the aircraft to a stop on the runway.
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3.
Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff (Sufficient Runway Remaining Straight Ahead)
Explanation The correct answer is to maintain an airspeed of at least 110 knots, adjust the power control lever (PCL) as necessary, and pull the emergency landing gear handle if needed. This response suggests that in the event of an engine failure immediately after takeoff, the pilot should prioritize maintaining a minimum airspeed of 110 knots to ensure sufficient lift and control. The power control lever should be adjusted as required to manage the remaining engine's power. If necessary, the pilot should also pull the emergency landing gear handle to prepare for a potential emergency landing.
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4.
Engine Failure During Flight
Explanation The given answer suggests that in the event of an engine failure during flight, the pilot should initiate a zoom/glide maneuver at a minimum speed of 125 knots. They should then turn off the power control lever (PCL) and proceed to intercept the emergency landing point (ELP). This response outlines the appropriate actions to take when faced with an engine failure, prioritizing maintaining airspeed, securing the engine, and planning for a safe landing.
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5.
The maximum ITT during start should not exceed ________ °C for a duration of no more than 5 seconds to prevent engine damage in the T-6.
Explanation In the T-6, the engine's maximum Inter-Turbine Temperature (ITT) during start should not exceed 1,000°C, and this limit is strictly observed to prevent potential engine damage. The 5-second limit ensures that the engine is not exposed to excessively high temperatures, which could lead to operational failures or reduced engine life.
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6.
Idadvertent Departure From Controlled Flight
Explanation The given answer suggests that in the event of an inadvertent departure from controlled flight, the pilot should first set the power control lever (PCL) to idle, meaning reducing the engine power to a minimum. Then, they should ensure that the flight controls are in a neutral position, meaning not actively being used to maneuver the aircraft. Finally, the pilot should check the altitude to assess the situation and determine the appropriate course of action. This sequence of actions is important in regaining control and stabilizing the aircraft after an unintended deviation from controlled flight.
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7.
Fire In Flight (FIRE Annunciator Illuminated)
If Fire Is Confirmed:
Explanation In the event of a confirmed fire in flight, the correct action is to first turn the Power Control Lever (PCL) to the OFF position. This will shut off the fuel supply to the engine and help prevent the fire from spreading. The next step is to pull the firewall shutoff handle, which will cut off the flow of air to the engine and further minimize the risk of the fire spreading. These actions are crucial in ensuring the safety of the aircraft and its occupants during an in-flight fire emergency.
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8.
The maximum oil pressure transient limit for the T-6 is ________ psi for a duration of no more than 20 seconds.
Explanation In the T-6, the maximum oil pressure transient limit is 200 psi, which can be tolerated for up to 20 seconds. Exceeding this limit or maintaining high pressure for longer durations could result in engine damage or failure. This operational limit is critical for ensuring the longevity and safe operation of the aircraft's engine.
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9.
Eject
Explanation The correct answer is "EJECTION HANDLE - PULL" because in emergency situations, such as a malfunctioning aircraft, the ejection handle needs to be pulled in order to activate the ejection system and safely eject the pilot from the aircraft. Pulling the ejection handle initiates a series of events that ultimately result in the pilot being forcefully ejected from the aircraft using an ejection seat or similar mechanism. This action is crucial for the pilot's survival in situations where the aircraft is no longer controllable or poses a significant risk to their safety.
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10.
Oil Pressure
Normal ___________to___________PSI
Explanation The given answer suggests that the normal oil pressure range is between 90 to 120 PSI. This means that the oil pressure in an engine should ideally be within this range for optimal performance. Oil pressure is important as it ensures proper lubrication of engine components and prevents wear and tear. If the oil pressure falls below 90 PSI, it may indicate a problem with the oil pump or a leak in the system. On the other hand, if the oil pressure exceeds 120 PSI, it may indicate a blockage or restriction in the oil passages.
Explanation The oil pressure required for aerobatics and spins is 40 PSI at idle and 130 PSI at maximum power. This means that during these maneuvers, the engine needs to maintain a minimum oil pressure of 40 PSI to ensure proper lubrication and prevent damage. At maximum power, the oil pressure should reach 130 PSI to provide sufficient lubrication and cooling for the engine under the increased load and stress of aerobatic maneuvers.
Explanation This answer indicates that the oil pressure during aero/spins at idle is 15 PSI, and it takes 40 seconds for the pressure to reach 40 PSI. Additionally, it takes 5 seconds for the pressure to drop from 40 PSI back to 15 PSI.
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13.
Oil Temp
Normal_____________to__________0C
Explanation The given answer suggests that the normal range for oil temperature is between 10°C and 105°C. This means that the oil temperature should ideally be within this range for normal functioning of the system.
Explanation The given answer suggests that the oil temperature is initially at 106°C, then it increases to 110°C, and finally decreases to 10°C over a certain period of time, which is not specified.
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15.
Maximum Torque
Steady__________
Explanation The given answer of 100 is the maximum torque that can be achieved in a steady state.
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16.
Maximum Torque
Transient__________ (_________Seconds)
Explanation The given answer suggests that the maximum torque is 131 and it occurs within 20 seconds. This implies that the system or device being referred to is capable of generating a maximum torque of 131 units, and it takes 20 seconds for this maximum torque to be reached.
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17.
Maximum ITT
Idle___________0C
Explanation The given information suggests that the idle temperature (Idle) is 0C and the maximum temperature (Maximum ITT) is 750. This could be referring to the temperature range of a device or system, where the device remains at 0C when idle and can reach a maximum temperature of 750C during operation.
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18.
Maximum ITT
Steady____________0C
Explanation The given information suggests that the maximum ITT (Internal Turbine Temperature) is steady at 820 degrees Celsius.
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19.
Maximum ITT
Transient_____________0C(Up to 20 Seconds)
Explanation In aviation, ITT (Inter-Turbine Temperature) refers to the temperature of the gases between the high-pressure and low-pressure turbines in a jet engine. The "Maximum ITT Transient" indicates the highest permissible temperature during short, transient conditions, such as during startup or power adjustments. For many aircraft engines, this limit is 870°C, and it can be sustained for up to 20 seconds without causing damage to the engine. However, the exact value can vary depending on the specific engine model and manufacturer guidelines.
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20.
Maximum Np
Steady__________(___________ +/-_________PMU Off)
Explanation The given answer suggests that the maximum Np value is 100, with a steady state of 100 and a tolerance of +/- 2 PMU Off. This means that the maximum value for Np is 100, and it should remain at a steady state of 100. However, there is a tolerance of +/- 2 PMU Off, which means that the actual value of Np can vary within a range of 98 to 102.
Explanation The given answer suggests that the idle percentage for an aircraft is 60 to 61 percent during ground operations and also during flight. This means that when the aircraft is not in use or stationary on the ground, the idle percentage should be maintained within this range. Similarly, when the aircraft is in flight, the idle percentage should also be maintained within this range. This information is important for ensuring the proper functioning and efficiency of the aircraft during different operational phases.
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22.
Torque above ___________ is indicative of a system malfunction.
Explanation Torque above 102 is indicative of a system malfunction. This means that if the torque value measured in a system exceeds 102, it suggests that there is a malfunction or problem within the system. It could be an indication of excessive force or strain being applied, which may lead to damage or failure of the system. Monitoring torque levels is important to ensure the proper functioning and safety of the system.
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23.
Avoid stabilized ground operations from ________to___________Np
Explanation This statement suggests that stabilized ground operations should be avoided within the range of 62 to 80 Np. Np is a unit used to measure the noise level of aircraft. Stabilized ground operations refer to activities conducted on the ground, such as maintenance or testing, that require the aircraft's engines to be running. By avoiding these operations within the specified noise level range, it helps to minimize noise pollution and potential disturbance to nearby areas or communities.
Explanation The given answer "Inverted, Inverted" suggests that both stalls and spins are prohibited maneuvers. This means that performing stalls and spins, where the aircraft loses lift and enters a rapid descent or rotation, is not allowed. Both maneuvers can be dangerous and can lead to loss of control of the aircraft, making them prohibited for safety reasons.
Prohibited Maneuvers
4. Spins with PCL __________________
Explanation Spins are a type of maneuver where an aircraft enters a controlled descent while continuously rotating. In order to perform a spin, the power control lever (PCL) needs to be set above idle. If the PCL is set at idle or below, the aircraft will not have enough power to maintain the rotation and will not enter a spin. Therefore, performing spins with the PCL above idle is prohibited.
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27.
Prohibited Maneuvers
5. Spins with the ________________________________ extended
Explanation Spins are prohibited when the landing gear, flaps, or speed brake are extended. This is because these configurations can affect the aerodynamics of the aircraft, making it more susceptible to entering and maintaining a spin. The extended landing gear, flaps, or speed brake can disrupt the airflow over the wings, reducing lift and causing the aircraft to enter a spin. Therefore, it is important to retract these components before attempting any maneuvers that could potentially lead to a spin.
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28.
Prohibited Maneuvers
6. Spins with the___________________
Explanation Spins are prohibited below 10,000 feet pressure altitude and above 22,000 feet pressure altitude. This means that pilots should not perform spins at altitudes below 10,000 feet or above 22,000 feet. Spins are high-risk maneuvers that involve an aerodynamic stall and rotation of the aircraft. They require a certain altitude range for recovery and safety reasons. By prohibiting spins below 10,000 feet and above 22,000 feet, the aim is to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of the aircraft and its occupants.
Explanation Cross-controlled (snap) maneuvers refer to a type of aerobatic maneuver where the aircraft is intentionally put into a spin by applying opposite rudder and aileron inputs simultaneously. This maneuver is considered prohibited because it can be extremely dangerous and may lead to loss of control of the aircraft. Abrupt cross-controlled maneuvers can cause the aircraft to enter an uncontrollable spin or stall, posing a significant risk to the pilot and passengers. Therefore, it is important to avoid performing such maneuvers to ensure flight safety.
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31.
Prohibited Maneuvers
10. Aerobatics maneuvers, spins or stalls with greater than______________Pound fuel imbalance
Explanation The correct answer is 50. This means that aerobatics maneuvers, spins, or stalls should not be performed if there is a fuel imbalance greater than 50 pounds. This is important because a significant fuel imbalance can affect the balance and stability of the aircraft, potentially leading to unsafe conditions during these maneuvers. It is crucial to maintain proper fuel balance for safe flight operations.
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32.
Prohibited Maneuvers
11. ______________Slides
Explanation The given question is asking for a prohibited maneuver, and the correct answer is "Tail." This suggests that performing slides with the tail of a vehicle is not allowed. It implies that sliding or skidding the tail of a vehicle is considered unsafe or against the rules.
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33.
Airspeed Limitations
Maximum Airspeed Gear and/or Flaps________KIAS
Explanation The maximum airspeed for operating with gear and/or flaps is 150 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS). This means that when the aircraft is flying with the landing gear extended or with flaps deployed, the airspeed should not exceed 150 knots. This limitation is in place to ensure the safety and proper performance of the aircraft during takeoff, landing, and other critical phases of flight where gear and flaps are used.
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34.
Airspeed Limitations
Maximum Operating Speed_____________KIAS or __________Mach
Explanation The given answer states that the maximum operating speed for an aircraft is 316 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS) or 0.67 Mach. This means that the aircraft should not exceed a speed of 316 knots indicated airspeed or 0.67 times the speed of sound. These limitations are set to ensure the safety and structural integrity of the aircraft, as exceeding these speeds could put excessive stress on the airframe and control surfaces.
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35.
Pubs Storage
Maximum Weight for Glare Shield Storage Bags is ___________Pounds
Explanation The maximum weight for Glare Shield Storage Bags is 8.5 pounds.
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36.
Starting
Starter Limit_______________Seconds
Explanation The given answer is 20 because the word "Starting" is followed by "Starter Limit" and then "Seconds". This suggests that the number 20 is the value for the "Starter Limit" in seconds.
Explanation The given sequence follows the pattern of "Wait X seconds, X minutes, X minutes, X minutes". The first number, 30, represents waiting for 30 seconds. The second number, 2, represents waiting for 2 minutes. The third number, 5, represents waiting for 5 minutes. The fourth number, 30, represents waiting for 30 minutes. Therefore, the correct answer is 30, 2, 5, 30.
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38.
Starting
Maximum Oil Pressure__________PSI
Minimum Oil Temperature_________0C
Explanation The given information states that the maximum oil pressure is 200 PSI and the minimum oil temperature is -40°C. This means that the oil pressure should not exceed 200 PSI and the oil temperature should not drop below -40°C.
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39.
Starting
Maximum ITT___________0C for________Sec (Do Not Attempt Restart)
Explanation This statement is indicating the maximum allowable temperature for the ITT (Interstage Turbine Temperature) is 871 to 1000 degrees Celsius for a duration of 5 seconds. It warns not to attempt to restart the system if this temperature range is exceeded.
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40.
Starting
Minimum Battery Voltage______________V
41.
Pressurization
Normal Above 18,000 FEET MSL_________+/-__________PSI
Explanation The correct answer is 3.6, 0.2. This answer indicates the normal pressurization above 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) in terms of PSI (pounds per square inch). The cabin is pressurized to maintain a comfortable environment for passengers and crew at high altitudes. A pressurization of 3.6 PSI above ambient pressure is maintained to ensure proper oxygen levels and prevent altitude-related health issues. The +/- 0.2 PSI indicates the acceptable range of variation in pressurization to account for minor fluctuations in altitude.
Explanation The overpressurization valve opens at 4.0 PSI. This means that when the pressure inside a system exceeds 4.0 PSI, the valve will open to release the excess pressure and prevent any damage or failure of the system. This is an important safety measure to ensure that the pressure does not reach dangerous levels and cause any harm.
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43.
Fuel
Normal Recovery Fuel___________Pounds
Explanation The given answer is 200 pounds. The question is asking for the "Normal Recovery Fuel" in pounds. Since there is no other information or context provided, it can be assumed that the "Normal Recovery Fuel" is equal to 200 pounds.
Explanation The given answer indicates that the amount of emergency fuel is 100 pounds, and the amount of solo fuel is also 100 pounds. This suggests that both the emergency fuel and solo fuel have the same weight of 100 pounds each.
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46.
Fuel
Minimum Fuel for Aerobatics______________Pounds per side
Explanation The minimum fuel required for aerobatics is 150 pounds per side.
Explanation The given answer states that the minimum runway length required is 4,000 feet and the minimum runway width required is 75 feet. This means that in order for an aircraft to safely take off and land, the runway must be at least 4,000 feet long and 75 feet wide. The length of the runway is important to ensure that the aircraft has enough distance to accelerate and reach the required takeoff speed, as well as to decelerate and come to a complete stop upon landing. The width of the runway is important to provide enough space for the aircraft to maneuver during takeoff and landing.
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48.
Winds
Max Crosswinds
Dry Runway_________Knots
Wet Runway________Knots
Icy Runway__________Knots
Explanation The given answer indicates the maximum crosswind speeds in knots for different types of runways. A crosswind is a wind that blows perpendicular to the direction of travel on the runway. The maximum crosswind speed for a dry runway is 25 knots, for a wet runway it is 10 knots, and for an icy runway it is 5 knots. These speeds represent the maximum limits within which an aircraft can safely operate on each type of runway, taking into account the reduced traction and increased risk of skidding or sliding on wet or icy surfaces.
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49.
Winds
Max Crosswinds
Touch and Go__________Knots
Formation Takeoff/Landing_________Knots
Explanation The given information states the maximum crosswinds and formation takeoff/landing speeds in knots. It specifies that the maximum crosswinds are 20 knots, while the formation takeoff/landing speeds are 15 knots.
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50.
Winds
Maximum Tailwind Component for Takeoff___________Knots
Maximum Wind with Canopy Open_____________Knots
Explanation The given answer indicates that the maximum tailwind component for takeoff is 10 knots and the maximum wind with the canopy open is 40 knots. This means that during takeoff, the aircraft can safely handle a maximum tailwind of 10 knots, which is the wind blowing towards the aircraft's tail. Additionally, the canopy can be open safely up to a maximum wind speed of 40 knots.
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