Software Development Life Cycle Quiz Questions And Answers

The statement is true because the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) consists of several phases, including requirement and analysis, design, development or coding, testing, and maintenance. These phases are followed in a sequential manner to ensure the successful development and maintenance of software. Therefore, it can be concluded that SDLC encompasses all these stages.

The correct answer is "All the above" because the question is asking for the testing levels, and all the options listed are indeed different levels of testing. Unit testing focuses on testing individual components or units of code, integration testing tests the interaction between different components, system testing ensures that the entire system functions as expected, and acceptance testing is done to verify if the system meets the requirements and is ready for deployment. Therefore, all the options mentioned in the question are valid testing levels.

The statement is correct. The earlier a defect is found, the cheaper it is to fix it. This is because when a defect is identified early in the development process, it is easier and less time-consuming to make the necessary corrections. On the other hand, if a defect is discovered later in the process or after the product has been released, it can be much more expensive to fix, as it may require significant rework, additional testing, and even potential customer dissatisfaction. Therefore, identifying and addressing defects as early as possible is crucial in order to minimize costs and ensure a higher quality product.

The correct answer is "All the above" because the question asks for the types of integration testing, and all three options mentioned (Big Bang Testing, Bottom Up Testing, and Top Down Testing) are indeed types of integration testing. Big Bang Testing involves testing all the components together at once, Bottom Up Testing involves testing lower-level components first and gradually integrating higher-level components, and Top Down Testing involves testing higher-level components first and gradually integrating lower-level components. Therefore, all three options are valid types of integration testing.

The cost of quality is the sum of prevention costs, appraisal costs, and failure costs. Prevention costs are incurred to prevent defects from occurring in the first place, such as training, quality planning, and process improvement. Appraisal costs are incurred to evaluate the quality of products or services, such as inspections and testing. Failure costs are incurred when defects are found, such as rework, warranty claims, and customer complaints. Therefore, the statement that the cost of quality is equal to the sum of prevention cost, appraisal cost, and failure cost is true.

Defects in a product or system can generally be categorized into three types: wrong, missing, and extra. A wrong defect refers to a component or feature that is not functioning as intended or is producing incorrect results. A missing defect occurs when a required component or feature is absent or not included. An extra defect refers to the presence of an unnecessary or unwanted component or feature. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as it encompasses all three categories of defects.

Usability testing is a type of non-functional software testing that focuses on evaluating the user interface to determine if it is easy to use and understand. This type of testing helps identify any issues or difficulties that users may face while interacting with the software. It involves real users performing specific tasks and providing feedback on their experience. By conducting usability testing, developers can make necessary improvements to enhance the overall user experience and ensure that the software meets the users' needs.

Boundary value analysis is a testing method that focuses on testing the boundaries or limits of input values. It checks how the system behaves when inputs are at the minimum or maximum values, as well as values just above or below these limits. This method is used to identify any issues or errors that may occur at the boundaries, as they are often more likely to cause problems. Since boundary value analysis is a technique that does not require knowledge of the internal structure of the system being tested, it falls under the category of black box testing.

Validation is the process of evaluating a system or product during or at the end of the development process to determine whether it satisfies the specified requirements. It involves checking whether the product has been developed according to the customer requirements and if it meets their needs. Validation is a dynamic process that focuses on the final product and ensures that it is fit for its intended purpose.

Adhoc testing refers to software testing that is performed without any prior planning or documentation. It involves randomly testing the software without any specific test cases or test scenarios. This type of testing is usually done to explore the software and identify any unexpected issues or defects. Adhoc testing is useful in uncovering defects that may not be found through planned testing methods.

Beta testing is a type of acceptance testing where the software is tested by a group of end-users in a real-world environment before it is released to the public. This allows for the identification of any issues or bugs that may have been missed during earlier testing phases. Beta testing helps to gather feedback from users and make necessary improvements to the software before its final release.

Quality Assurance is the correct answer because it involves the activities and processes used to ensure that a product or service meets the required quality standards. It focuses on preventing defects or errors by implementing quality management systems and processes throughout the entire life cycle of a product or service. Quality Assurance is not just limited to a specific phase or department, but it applies to the entire organization and all the processes involved in creating a quality product or service.

The correct answer is "Process based." This means that verification is focused on the process of producing a product or service rather than the end result. It involves checking and evaluating the steps and activities involved in creating the product or service to ensure that they are being followed correctly and effectively. This approach helps to identify and address any issues or problems in the process before they impact the final product or service.

Priority refers to the level of importance or urgency assigned to a bug or issue. It determines the order in which bugs should be fixed or issues should be addressed. By informing the developer about the priority of a bug, it helps them understand which bug needs to be fixed first in order to meet the project goals and requirements.

Full regression testing involves retesting the entire application after a change has been made. This is done to ensure that the change did not introduce any new defects or impact the existing functionality of the application. It is a comprehensive testing approach that covers all the functionalities and features of the application to ensure its overall stability and quality.

Variance from product specifications refers to a deviation or difference from the desired or expected specifications of a product. This can include any flaws, faults, or non-conformities that occur during the manufacturing or production process. Therefore, the correct term to describe this variance is "defect".

The above statement is incorrect. Automation testing should be done after manual testing. Manual testing is typically done first to ensure that the application is functioning correctly and to identify any potential issues or bugs. Once manual testing is complete, automation testing can be used to automate repetitive tasks and perform more extensive testing.

Quality Control is the correct answer because it is the process of ensuring that a product meets the required quality standards. It involves checking and testing the product at various stages of production to identify any defects or deviations from the desired specifications. Quality Control is focused on identifying and addressing issues with the product itself, rather than the overall quality management system. It is a specific part of the Quality Assurance procedure and is a corrective process that deals with the product to ensure its quality.

A traceability matrix is a document that helps ensure all the requirements are covered when writing test cases. It provides a way to trace each requirement to the corresponding test case, ensuring that all requirements are tested. This matrix helps in identifying any gaps or missing test cases, ensuring comprehensive test coverage. It also helps in tracking the progress of testing by showing which requirements have been tested and which are pending.

Verification is the process of evaluating whether the product being developed meets the specified requirements. It involves reviewing and inspecting the product to ensure that it has been designed and implemented correctly. In this context, verification is used to check whether the product is being developed in accordance with the customer requirements. It is a static process as it does not involve executing the product or testing its functionality.

Equivalence Partitioning is a Black-Box Testing method that divides the input data into different equivalence classes, where each class represents a unique behavior of the system. This technique ensures that the test cases cover all possible scenarios within each equivalence class, reducing the number of test cases needed while still providing thorough coverage. Code Coverage, Fault Injection, and Dominance are not specifically Black-Box Testing methods, making Equivalence Partitioning the correct answer.

A baseline document refers to the review and approved document, such as a test plan or system requirement specification. It serves as a reference point or starting point for future development or changes. It helps establish a stable foundation for the project and ensures that all stakeholders are on the same page regarding the project's scope, requirements, and objectives.

White-box testing is a type of testing where the tester has access to the internal structure and code of the software being tested. This allows the tester to examine and test individual components, functions, and paths within the code to ensure that they are working correctly. It involves testing the internal logic, flow, and structure of the code to uncover any errors or defects. This type of testing is useful for identifying issues such as missing or incorrect code, logic errors, and boundary conditions.

The correct software process cycle is Plan (P) -> Do (D) -> Check (C) -> Act (A). This cycle, also known as the PDCA cycle or the Deming cycle, is a continuous improvement model that is commonly used in software development. It involves planning the process, implementing the plan, checking the results, and then taking appropriate actions based on the findings. This cycle helps to ensure that the software development process is constantly being evaluated and improved upon.

Retesting refers to the process of executing a test case that previously failed, after the necessary fixes have been made. In this scenario, the test case is being executed again on the same build, which suggests that it is being retested to ensure that the issue has been resolved. Therefore, the correct answer is retesting.