Theories Of Personality Quiz 4
Theories of Personality Quiz
- 1.
The person-centered view of human nauture is
- A.
Contends that people are basically competitive
- B.
Holds that humans are driven by irrational forces
- C.
Is rooted in a faith in the person's capacity to direct his or her own lfie
- D.
Assumes that, while humans have the potential for growth, there is a tendency toward remaining stagnant
- E.
Both (a) and (b)
Correct Answer
C. Is rooted in a faith in the person's capacity to direct his or her own lfieExplanation
The person-centered view of human nature is rooted in a faith in the person's capacity to direct his or her own life. This perspective believes that individuals have the inherent ability to make choices and decisions that shape their own lives. It emphasizes the importance of personal autonomy and self-determination, suggesting that people have the power to control their own destiny. This view contrasts with the notion that humans are driven by irrational forces or are inherently competitive. It also acknowledges that while humans have the potential for growth, there may be a tendency towards remaining stagnant.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Person-centered therapy is best described as:
- A.
A completed and fixed "school" of counseling
- B.
A dogmatic set of therapeutic principles
- C.
A systematic set of behavioral techniques
- D.
A set of tentative principles describing how the therapy process develops
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. A set of tentative principles describing how the therapy process developsExplanation
Person-centered therapy is not a completed and fixed "school" of counseling or a dogmatic set of therapeutic principles. It is also not a systematic set of behavioral techniques. Instead, it is best described as a set of tentative principles describing how the therapy process develops. This means that person-centered therapy is flexible and adaptable, allowing the therapist to tailor the approach to the specific needs and goals of the individual client. The principles of person-centered therapy emphasize the importance of empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness in creating a therapeutic environment that promotes growth and self-discovery.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Person-centered therapy is a form of:
- A.
Psychoanalysis
- B.
Humanisitic therapy
- C.
Behavioral therapy
- D.
Cogngitive-oriented therapy
- E.
Both (c) and (d)
Correct Answer
B. Humanisitic therapyExplanation
Person-centered therapy is a form of humanistic therapy. Humanistic therapy focuses on the individual's unique experience and emphasizes their capacity for self-growth and self-actualization. Person-centered therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, is based on the belief that individuals have the innate ability to find solutions to their own problems and make positive changes in their lives. The therapist provides a supportive and non-judgmental environment, allowing the client to explore their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors in order to gain insight and develop their own solutions.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is the central variable related to progress in person-centered therapy
- A.
Defining concrete and measurable goals
- B.
The therapist's technical skills
- C.
The relationship between the client adn therapist
- D.
The client's ability to think logically and employ the scientific method to solving problems
Correct Answer
C. The relationship between the client adn therapistExplanation
The central variable related to progress in person-centered therapy is the relationship between the client and therapist. This therapeutic approach emphasizes the importance of a supportive and empathetic relationship between the two parties. It is believed that a strong and trusting relationship allows the client to explore their feelings, thoughts, and experiences in a safe environment, leading to personal growth and positive change. The therapist's technical skills, the client's ability to think logically, and the setting of concrete goals may also play a role in therapy, but the relationship between the client and therapist is considered the most crucial factor.Rate this question:
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- 5.
"Therapist congruence" is a term that refers to the therapist's:
- A.
Genuiness
- B.
Empathy for clients
- C.
Postiive regard
- D.
Respect for clients
Correct Answer
A. GenuinessExplanation
Therapist congruence refers to the therapist's genuineness or authenticity in their interactions with clients. It means that the therapist is being their true self and not putting on a facade or pretending to be someone they are not. This genuine approach helps build trust and rapport with clients, creating a safe and supportive therapeutic environment. It also allows the therapist to be more empathetic, respectful, and non-judgmental towards clients, which are essential qualities in effective therapy.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is NOT a key concept of the person-centered approach
- A.
The focus is on experiencing the immediate moment
- B.
The person has the capacity to resolve his or her own problems in a climate of safety
- C.
The client is primarliy responsible for hte direction of therapy
- D.
THe focus is on exploration of a client's past
Correct Answer
D. THe focus is on exploration of a client's pastExplanation
The person-centered approach emphasizes the importance of experiencing the immediate moment, believing that individuals have the capacity to resolve their own problems in a safe environment, and recognizing that the client is primarily responsible for directing therapy. However, exploring a client's past is not a key concept of this approach. Instead, the person-centered approach focuses on the present moment and the client's current experiences and feelings.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The person-centered therapist is best described as
- A.
Facilitator
- B.
Teacher
- C.
Human engineer
- D.
Friend
Correct Answer
A. FacilitatorExplanation
The person-centered therapist is best described as a facilitator because they aim to create a safe and supportive environment for the client to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Rather than directing or imposing their own ideas, the therapist's role is to facilitate the client's self-discovery and personal growth by actively listening, empathizing, and reflecting back their thoughts and emotions. This approach encourages the client to take the lead in their own therapeutic journey, making the therapist a facilitator of their self-exploration and healing process.Rate this question:
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- 8.
THe concept of "unconditional postive regard" implies:
- A.
The therapist's acceptance of the client's right to all his or her feelings
- B.
Acceptance of all behavior on the client's part
- C.
The therapist's acceptance of the client without stipulations
- D.
Both (a) and (c)
Correct Answer
D. Both (a) and (c)Explanation
The concept of "unconditional positive regard" in therapy refers to the therapist's acceptance of the client without any conditions or stipulations. This means that the therapist accepts the client's right to all their feelings and also accepts them as they are, without judgment or criticism. This approach creates a safe and non-judgmental space for the client to explore their thoughts and emotions freely, promoting growth and self-acceptance.Rate this question:
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- 9.
"Accurate empathetic understanding" refers to the therapist's ability to
- A.
Accurately diagnose the client's central problem
- B.
Objectively undersatnd the dynamics of a client
- C.
Like and care for the client
- D.
Sense the inner world of the client's subjective experiene
Correct Answer
D. Sense the inner world of the client's subjective experieneExplanation
"Accurate empathetic understanding" refers to the therapist's ability to sense the inner world of the client's subjective experience. This means that the therapist can deeply understand and connect with the client's emotions, thoughts, and experiences, without judgment or bias. It involves being attuned to the client's feelings and being able to empathize with their unique perspective. This understanding allows the therapist to provide effective support and guidance, as they can truly grasp the client's internal struggles and help them navigate through them.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which techniques are most often used int he person-centered approach
- A.
Questioning and probing
- B.
Analysis of resistence
- C.
Free association
- D.
Active listening adn reflection
Correct Answer
D. Active listening adn reflectionExplanation
The person-centered approach is a therapeutic approach that focuses on creating a supportive and empathetic environment for the individual. Active listening and reflection are key techniques used in this approach. By actively listening to the client and reflecting their feelings and thoughts back to them, the therapist shows understanding and empathy. This helps the client feel heard and validated, leading to a deeper exploration of their experiences and emotions.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is a limitation of person-centered therapy
- A.
The approach does not make use of research to study the process or outcomes of therapy
- B.
The therapist has mroe power to manipulate and control the client than is true of most other therapies
- C.
People in crisis situations often need more direcive intervention strategies
- D.
The client is not given enogh responsibilty to direct the course of his or her own therapy
- E.
It is a long-term approach to therapy.
Correct Answer
C. People in crisis situations often need more direcive intervention strategiesExplanation
Person-centered therapy is a non-directive approach that focuses on providing a supportive and empathetic environment for clients to explore and find their own solutions. However, this approach may not be suitable for individuals in crisis situations who require more immediate and directive interventions to ensure their safety and well-being. In such cases, other therapeutic approaches that offer more structure and guidance may be more appropriate.Rate this question:
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- 12.
One point of disagreemnet between existential and humanistic thought involves
- A.
A respect for the client's subjective experience
- B.
A trust in the capacity of the client to make positive choices
- C.
An emphasis on freedom
- D.
The idea of an innate self-actualizing drive
- E.
Both (a) and (b)
Correct Answer
D. The idea of an innate self-actualizing driveExplanation
Existential thought emphasizes the idea of an innate self-actualizing drive, which suggests that individuals have an inherent motivation to reach their full potential and find meaning in life. On the other hand, humanistic thought focuses on respecting the client's subjective experience and trusting their capacity to make positive choices. While both existential and humanistic thought value the client's subjective experience and trust in their abilities, the concept of an innate self-actualizing drive is specific to existential thought.Rate this question:
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- 13.
According to Rogerian therapy, an "internal source of evaluation" is defined as
- A.
Internalizing the validation one receives from others
- B.
Looking more to oneself for the answers to the problems of existence
- C.
Going on one's instincts when judging the behavior of others
- D.
A neurotic tendnecy to be self-critical
- E.
A success identity
Correct Answer
B. Looking more to oneself for the answers to the problems of existenceExplanation
In Rogerian therapy, also known as person-centered therapy developed by Carl Rogers, an "internal source of evaluation" refers to the process of individuals looking within themselves for validation and answers to their problems. This concept emphasizes the importance of self-reliance and self-awareness, encouraging clients to trust their own experiences and feelings as they navigate their personal challenges.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following personal characterisitcs of the therapist is most important, according to Rogers
- A.
Unconidtional positive regard
- B.
Acceptance
- C.
Genuineness
- D.
Accurate empathetic understanding
- E.
Accurate active listening
Correct Answer
C. GenuinenessExplanation
According to Rogers, genuineness is the most important personal characteristic of the therapist. Genuineness refers to the therapist's ability to be authentic, open, and sincere in the therapeutic relationship. It involves the therapist being true to themselves and not putting on a facade or pretending to be someone they are not. By being genuine, the therapist creates a safe and trusting environment for the client, allowing for deeper exploration and growth. This characteristic is crucial in building a strong therapeutic alliance and facilitating positive change.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A consistent theme that underlies most of Roger's writings :
- A.
The need to find meaning in life through love, work, or suffering
- B.
The need for a religion to find meaning in life
- C.
The importance of expressing feelings that stem from childhood issues
- D.
A faith in the capacity of individuals to develop in a constructive manner if a climate of trust is established
- E.
The need for clients to relive past traumatic situations in the hear-and-now
Correct Answer
D. A faith in the capacity of individuals to develop in a constructive manner if a climate of trust is establishedExplanation
The consistent theme that underlies most of Roger's writings is a faith in the capacity of individuals to develop in a constructive manner if a climate of trust is established. This suggests that Roger believes in the inherent potential of individuals and the importance of creating a supportive and trusting environment for personal growth. This theme aligns with Roger's humanistic perspective, which emphasizes the individual's ability to strive towards self-actualization and personal fulfillment.Rate this question:
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- 16.
From Roger's persepctive the client/therapist relationship is characterized by
- A.
A sense of equality
- B.
A reliving of the transference relationship
- C.
The therapist functioning as the expert
- D.
A clearly defined contract that specifies what clients will talk about in the sessions
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. A sense of equalityExplanation
The correct answer is a sense of equality. This means that from Roger's perspective, the client/therapist relationship is characterized by both parties being seen as equals. There is no power imbalance or hierarchy between them. Instead, the therapist respects and values the client's experiences, feelings, and perspectives, creating a safe and non-judgmental space for the client to explore and grow. This approach is based on the belief that the client has the inherent capacity for self-understanding and personal growth, and the therapist's role is to facilitate and support this process.Rate this question:
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- 17.
As a result of experiencing person-centered therapy, it is hypothesized that the client will more toward:
- A.
Self-trust
- B.
An internal source of evaluation
- C.
Being more open to experience
- D.
A willingness to continue growing
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
Person-centered therapy is a humanistic approach that focuses on the individual's self-discovery and growth. Through this therapy, the client develops self-trust by learning to trust their own feelings and instincts. They also develop an internal source of evaluation, relying on their own values and beliefs rather than seeking validation from others. Being open to experience is another outcome of person-centered therapy, as it encourages individuals to explore and embrace new ideas and emotions. Finally, the therapy promotes a willingness to continue growing, as it emphasizes personal development and self-improvement. Therefore, all of the above options are likely outcomes of experiencing person-centered therapy.Rate this question:
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- 18.
According to Rogers, the three core coniditions that create a growth-promoting climate are
- A.
Congruence, coniditional accpetance, faith in a client
- B.
Congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathetic understanding
- C.
Total love and caring, thearpist transparency, and empathy
- D.
Realness, objecively viewing the client's world, full acceptance
- E.
Commitment, compassion, and confrontation
Correct Answer
B. Congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathetic understandingExplanation
According to Rogers, the three core conditions that create a growth-promoting climate are congruence, unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding. Congruence refers to the therapist's genuineness and authenticity in their interactions with the client. Unconditional positive regard means that the therapist accepts and values the client without judgment or conditions. Empathetic understanding involves the therapist's ability to accurately understand and empathize with the client's experiences and emotions. These three conditions are believed to foster a safe and supportive environment for the client to explore and grow.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Accurate empathy helps clients to
- A.
Pay attention and value thier experience
- B.
See earlier experiences in new ways
- C.
Modify their perceptions of themselves, others and the world
- D.
Increase thier confidence in making choices and in pursuing a course of action
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
Accurate empathy helps clients in multiple ways. Firstly, it allows them to pay attention and value their experience, as they feel understood and validated by the therapist. Secondly, it helps clients see earlier experiences in new ways, enabling them to gain new insights and perspectives. Thirdly, accurate empathy allows clients to modify their perceptions of themselves, others, and the world, leading to personal growth and development. Lastly, it helps increase their confidence in making choices and pursuing a course of action, as they feel supported and understood. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above."Rate this question:
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- 20.
One of the limitations of the person-centered approach for counseling ethnic-minorities clients is
- A.
Not enough empahsis is given to understnading the world of a client who is different from teh counselor
- B.
The tendency on these clients' part to expect amroe sturctured approach
- C.
The fact that this approach is gorunded on the therapist's expertise
- D.
That it is easy to translate the ore conditions into actual practice in certain cultures
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Not enough empahsis is given to understnading the world of a client who is different from teh counselorExplanation
The person-centered approach for counseling ethnic-minorities clients may have a limitation in that it does not place enough emphasis on understanding the unique experiences and perspectives of clients who come from different backgrounds than the counselor. This lack of understanding can hinder effective communication and rapport-building, as the counselor may not fully grasp the cultural, social, and historical factors that shape the client's worldview and experiences. By not fully understanding the client's world, the counselor may struggle to provide appropriate support and guidance.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Roger's approach is based on the assumpion that humans can be trusted, that clients can find thier own way without directive interpretation from therapists, and that clietns have a growth urge.
- A.
True
- B.
Flase
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Roger's approach, also known as person-centered therapy, is based on the belief that individuals have the capacity for self-growth and can find their own solutions without the therapist's direct interpretation. It assumes that clients can be trusted to explore their own thoughts and feelings, and that they have an inherent drive towards personal growth and self-actualization. Therefore, the statement that Roger's approach is based on the assumption that humans can be trusted, clients can find their own way without directive interpretation, and clients have a growth urge is true.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The person-centered approach is based on a set of therapeutic tehniques designed to promote behavior change.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The person-centered approach is not based on a set of therapeutic techniques designed to promote behavior change. Instead, it focuses on creating a supportive and non-judgmental environment where individuals can explore their own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. The approach emphasizes empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness in order to facilitate personal growth and self-actualization.Rate this question:
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Jul 04, 2024Quiz Edited by
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May 04, 2009Quiz Created by
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