What Do You Know About Thermoregulation? Trivia Quiz
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- 1.
Heat is lost from the skin of man on a hot day by the
- A.
Movement of the skin capillaries nearer to the surface.
- B.
Relaxation of arterioles so that the skin capillaries carry more blood.
- C.
Opening of the pores of all the sweat glands.
- D.
Evaporation of water from the sebaceous glands.
Correct Answer
B. Relaxation of arterioles so that the skin capillaries carry more blood.Explanation
On a hot day, the body needs to cool down to maintain its temperature. One way it does this is by increasing blood flow to the skin. Arterioles, small blood vessels, can constrict or relax to control blood flow. When arterioles relax, they widen, allowing more blood to flow through them. This increased blood flow brings more heat from the body's core to the skin's surface, where it can be dissipated. Therefore, the relaxation of arterioles allows the skin capillaries to carry more blood, facilitating heat loss from the skin.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Sweat is composed of
- A.
Amino acids + water + lymph.
- B.
Urea + water + sodium chloride.
- C.
Uric acid + water + sodium hydroxide.
- D.
Plasma + water + sodium bicarbonate.
Correct Answer
B. Urea + water + sodium chloride.Explanation
Sweat is composed of urea, water, and sodium chloride. Urea is a waste product that is excreted by the kidneys and is found in sweat. Water is the main component of sweat, which helps to regulate body temperature through evaporation. Sodium chloride, also known as salt, is present in sweat and helps to maintain the body's electrolyte balance. Therefore, the correct answer is urea + water + sodium chloride.Rate this question:
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- 3.
By experiment, it was found that the heat loss per unit weight of a small mammal was greater than that of a large mammal, although their body temperatures remained constant. Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from this result?
- A.
Small mammals are more active than large mammals.
- B.
Large mammals are better adapted than small mammals to their physical. environment
- C.
Small mammals have a higher metabolic rate than large mammals.
- D.
Large mammals have a greater surface area than small mammals.
Correct Answer
C. Small mammals have a higher metabolic rate than large mammals.Explanation
The experiment found that small mammals lose more heat per unit weight compared to large mammals, despite both having constant body temperatures. This suggests that small mammals have a higher metabolic rate than large mammals. A higher metabolic rate indicates that small mammals require more energy and generate more heat per unit weight, leading to greater heat loss. This explanation is supported by the observation that small mammals are typically more active than large mammals, as increased activity requires a higher metabolic rate.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which one of the following is the reaction of the skin of a human when the body becomes very cold?
- A.
The arterioles constrict, the hair stands on end and sweat production ceases.
- B.
The arterioles constrict, the hair lies flat on the skin and sweating occurs.
- C.
The arterioles dilate, the hair stands on end and sweat production almost ceases.
- D.
The arterioles dilate, the hair lies flat on the skin and sweating occurs.
Correct Answer
A. The arterioles constrict, the hair stands on end and sweat production ceases.Explanation
When the body becomes very cold, the skin's reaction is to constrict the arterioles, which are small blood vessels near the surface of the skin. This constriction helps to reduce blood flow to the skin and conserve heat in the body's core. Additionally, the hair stands on end, a response known as piloerection, which helps to trap a layer of air near the skin and provide insulation. Lastly, sweat production ceases as a way to prevent further heat loss through evaporation.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The most important function of sweat is to remove from the body excess.
- A.
Heat.
- B.
Salts.
- C.
Water.
- D.
Urea.
Correct Answer
A. Heat.Explanation
Sweat plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature by removing excess heat. When the body temperature rises, sweat glands are stimulated to produce sweat, which is mainly composed of water. As the sweat evaporates from the skin's surface, it cools down the body, helping to maintain a stable internal temperature. While sweat does contain small amounts of salts and urea, its primary function is to dissipate heat.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which one of the following must occur continuously if a mammal is to maintain a body temperature above that of the surrounding?
- A.
Digestion.
- B.
Respiration.
- C.
Shivering.
- D.
Sweating.
Correct Answer
B. Respiration.Explanation
Respiration is the correct answer because it is the process by which mammals generate heat to maintain their body temperature above that of the surrounding environment. Through respiration, mammals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide, which helps in the production of energy and heat. This continuous process of respiration ensures that the mammal's body temperature remains elevated. Digestion, shivering, and sweating are not necessarily continuous processes required for maintaining body temperature in mammals.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which one of the following structural features of the skin does not play a part in temperature regulation in a mammal?
- A.
Hair erector muscles.
- B.
Fat in the dermis.
- C.
Malpighian layer.
- D.
Nerve endings.
Correct Answer
C. Malpighian layer.Explanation
The Malpighian layer is responsible for the production of new skin cells and is not directly involved in temperature regulation. The hair erector muscles contract to raise the hair and create an insulating layer, helping to regulate temperature. Fat in the dermis acts as an insulator, providing thermal protection. Nerve endings in the skin help detect temperature changes and transmit signals to the brain for appropriate responses. Therefore, the Malpighian layer is the only option that does not play a part in temperature regulation.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which one of the following is produced by sebaceous glands?
- A.
Adrenaline.
- B.
Oil.
- C.
Saliva.
- D.
Sweat.
Correct Answer
B. Oil.Explanation
Sebaceous glands are responsible for producing oil, also known as sebum, which is a waxy substance that helps to lubricate and protect the skin and hair. Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands, saliva is produced by the salivary glands, and sweat is produced by sweat glands. Therefore, the correct answer is oil.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following describes the blood vessels, sweat glands, and temperature of the skin after a period of exercise?
- A.
Blood vessels - constricted; Sweat glands - inactive; Skin temperature - low.
- B.
Blood vessels - constricted; Sweat glands - inactive; Skin temperature - high.
- C.
Blood vessels - constricted; Sweat glands - active; Skin temperature - low.
- D.
Blood vessels - dilated; Sweat glands - active; Skin temperature - high.
Correct Answer
D. Blood vessels - dilated; Sweat glands - active; Skin temperature - high.Explanation
After a period of exercise, the body undergoes several physiological changes to regulate temperature. The correct answer states that the blood vessels are dilated, which means they have expanded to allow for increased blood flow and heat dissipation. The sweat glands are active, producing sweat to cool the body through evaporation. These two factors contribute to a higher skin temperature as the body works to cool itself down.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which action helps to restore correct body temperature following an increase in the temperature of the blood passing through the brain?
- A.
Contraction of the hair erector muscles.
- B.
Increased metabolic rate.
- C.
Reduced blood supply to the skin.
- D.
Sweating.
Correct Answer
D. Sweating.Explanation
Sweating helps to restore correct body temperature following an increase in the temperature of the blood passing through the brain. When the body temperature rises, the sweat glands are activated, and sweat is produced. As the sweat evaporates from the skin, it helps to cool down the body. This process is known as evaporative cooling and is an important mechanism for regulating body temperature. Therefore, sweating is the most effective action among the given options to restore the correct body temperature.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What happens to the sweat glands, blood vessels, and temperature of an athlete’s skin after a 100 meters race?
- A.
Sweat glands - inactive; Blood vessels - dilated; Skin temperature - high.
- B.
Sweat glands - inactive; Blood vessels - constricted; Skin temperature - low.
- C.
Sweat glands - inactive; Blood vessels - constricted; Skin temperature - high.
- D.
Sweat glands - active; Blood vessels - dilated; Skin temperature - high.
Correct Answer
D. Sweat glands - active; Blood vessels - dilated; Skin temperature - high.Explanation
After a 100 meters race, an athlete's sweat glands become active, causing them to produce sweat. The blood vessels in their skin also dilate, allowing more blood flow to the surface of the skin. This increased blood flow helps to dissipate heat from the body, resulting in a higher skin temperature.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What happens when the body temperature falls below 37°C?
- A.
Blood flow to skin - decreased; Sweating - decreased.
- B.
Blood flow to skin - decreased; Sweating - increased.
- C.
Blood flow to skin - increased; Sweating - decreased.
- D.
Blood flow to skin - increased; Sweating - increased.
Correct Answer
A. Blood flow to skin - decreased; Sweating - decreased.Explanation
When the body temperature falls below 37°C, the body undergoes vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels near the skin's surface. This decreases blood flow to the skin, reducing heat loss through radiation. Additionally, the body reduces sweating to conserve heat. These physiological responses help to maintain the body's core temperature in colder conditions.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the result of a rise in body temperature?
- A.
A decrease in the production of sweat.
- B.
An increase in blood flow to the skin.
- C.
Narrowing of blood vessels in the skin
- D.
Raising of hairs on the skin.
Correct Answer
B. An increase in blood flow to the skin.Explanation
When body temperature rises, the body responds by increasing blood flow to the skin. This is a mechanism known as vasodilation, where the blood vessels in the skin expand to allow more blood to flow through them. By increasing blood flow to the skin, heat is transferred from the body's core to the skin's surface, where it can be dissipated through sweat evaporation and convection. This helps to cool down the body and regulate its temperature.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What happens when the core temperature of the body increases?
- A.
Diameter of superficial blood vessels - decreases; Urine production - decreases.
- B.
Diameter of superficial blood vessels - decreases; Urine production - increases.
- C.
Diameter of superficial blood vessels - increases; Urine production - decreases.
- D.
Diameter of superficial blood vessels - increases; Urine production - increases.
Correct Answer
C. Diameter of superficial blood vessels - increases; Urine production - decreases.Explanation
When the core temperature of the body increases, the diameter of superficial blood vessels increases. This is a physiological response known as vasodilation, which helps to dissipate heat from the body's core to the skin's surface, promoting heat loss through radiation. On the other hand, urine production decreases as a result of increased fluid conservation by the body. This is because the body tries to retain more water to prevent dehydration caused by excessive sweating and to maintain fluid balance.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which response to overcooling does not involve muscle contraction?
- A.
Blood vessels narrowing.
- B.
Hairs standing up.
- C.
Shivering.
- D.
Reduced sweating.
Correct Answer
D. Reduced sweating.Explanation
Reduced sweating is the response to overcooling that does not involve muscle contraction. When the body is exposed to cold temperatures, it tries to conserve heat by reducing the amount of sweat produced. This is because sweating leads to evaporative cooling, which can further lower the body temperature. By reducing sweating, the body minimizes heat loss and helps maintain its core temperature. Blood vessels narrowing, hairs standing up, and shivering are all responses that involve muscle contraction to generate heat and counteract overcooling.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What explains why, in identical conditions, a young boy loses more heat than a man?
- A.
The boy eats more carbohydrate.
- B.
The boy has a larger surface-to-mass ratio.
- C.
The boy is still growing.
- D.
The boy sweats less than a man.
Correct Answer
B. The boy has a larger surface-to-mass ratio.Explanation
The boy has a larger surface-to-mass ratio, which means that he has more surface area relative to his body size compared to the man. This larger surface area allows for more heat loss through radiation and convection. As a result, the boy loses more heat than the man in identical conditions.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What happens to the arterioles near the surface of the skin when the body temperature rises?
- A.
They absorb oxygen from the surrounding tissues.
- B.
They dilate and become wider.
- C.
They move nearer the skin surface.
- D.
They take in water from the surrounding tissues.
Correct Answer
B. They dilate and become wider.Explanation
When the body temperature rises, the arterioles near the surface of the skin dilate and become wider. This is a physiological response known as vasodilation. The purpose of this response is to increase blood flow to the skin, allowing for the dissipation of heat through radiation and convection. By dilating, the arterioles allow more blood to flow through them, which in turn helps to cool down the body.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 04, 2011Quiz Created by
Bioisawesome
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