Unit 2- Body System Objectives

The skeletal system consists of bones and muscles. Bones provide support and structure to the body, protect internal organs, and serve as attachment points for muscles. Muscles, on the other hand, allow movement by contracting and relaxing, pulling on the bones to create motion. Together, bones and muscles work in coordination to provide strength, stability, and mobility to the body.

The typical adult human body has 206 bones. This is the standard number of bones found in an adult human body.

The epiglottis is not a main part of the digestive system. It is a flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue, and its main function is to prevent food and drink from entering the windpipe during swallowing. While it plays a role in the process of swallowing, it is not directly involved in the digestion of food like the other options listed. The mouth, intestines, stomach, and rectum are all key components of the digestive system, each with specific functions in the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.

Digestion is the process by which our body breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used for various functions. This process helps to provide the necessary nutrients to our body, which are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. Additionally, digestion also helps in extracting energy from the food we eat, which is required for carrying out various bodily functions. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as digestion involves breaking down food, providing nutrition, and getting energy.

Blood vessels, capillaries, arteries, and veins all carry blood through the bodies. Blood vessels refer to the entire network of tubes that transport blood, including capillaries, arteries, and veins. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body's tissues, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Therefore, all four options are correct in describing the different types of vessels that carry blood throughout the body.

The excretory system is responsible for removing waste products from the body. The urinary system plays a major role in this process by filtering waste materials from the blood and producing urine. The circulatory system helps transport these waste products to the kidneys, which are a part of the urinary system. The intestines also play a role in excretion by eliminating solid waste through the process of digestion. The rectum is the final part of the large intestine and is involved in the elimination of feces.