Upper Unit Test 1

Welcome to my grand test! Please keep in mind that your time is limited and you have to complete a total of 6 assignments: listening and reading comprehension, 2 grammar and 2 vocabulary tasks. I expect you not to cheat and demonstrate your actual knowledge. 70% is a passing grade. Good luck! Aida

LISTENING You will hear five short voicemails which Penny received. For questions 1–5, choose the reason why (A–H) each person has contacted Penny. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A I want to go round to Penny’s house. B I want Penny to do something for me. C I’m inviting Penny to visit. D I want to fix something for Penny. E I’m going on holiday with Penny. F I’m agreeing to help Penny. G I’m inviting Penny out. H I want to return something to Penny. Speaker 1 ________

LISTENING You will hear five short voicemails which Penny received. For questions 1–5, choose the reason why (A–H) each person has contacted Penny. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A I want to go round to Penny’s house. B I want Penny to do something for me. C I’m inviting Penny to visit. D I want to fix something for Penny. E I’m going on holiday with Penny. F I’m agreeing to help Penny. G I’m inviting Penny out. H I want to return something to Penny. Speaker 2 ________

LISTENING You will hear five short voicemails which Penny received. For questions 1–5, choose the reason why (A–H) each person has contacted Penny. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A I want to go round to Penny’s house. B I want Penny to do something for me. C I’m inviting Penny to visit. D I want to fix something for Penny. E I’m going on holiday with Penny. F I’m agreeing to help Penny. G I’m inviting Penny out. H I want to return something to Penny. Speaker 3 ________

LISTENING You will hear five short voicemails which Penny received. For questions 1–5, choose the reason why (A–H) each person has contacted Penny. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A I want to go round to Penny’s house. B I want Penny to do something for me. C I’m inviting Penny to visit. D I want to fix something for Penny. E I’m going on holiday with Penny. F I’m agreeing to help Penny. G I’m inviting Penny out. H I want to return something to Penny. Speaker 4 ________

LISTENING You will hear five short voicemails which Penny received. For questions 1–5, choose the reason why (A–H) each person has contacted Penny. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A I want to go round to Penny’s house. B I want Penny to do something for me. C I’m inviting Penny to visit. D I want to fix something for Penny. E I’m going on holiday with Penny. F I’m agreeing to help Penny. G I’m inviting Penny out. H I want to return something to Penny. Speaker 5 ________

VOCABULARY Task 1   Use the word given in CAPITAL LETTERS at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the gap in the same sentence. Here is an example (0). 0 Danny’s nine months old and very energetic. He won’t sit still! ENERGY   1  Wendy Surtees is one of our most ________ employees. She’s always on time and completes all her projects. DEPEND

2 Don’t be so ________! You only ever think of yourself. SELF

3 Adam Scott is one of the most ________ businessmen in our region. He’s made millions. SUCCESS

4  Thanks for your advice. It’s been very ________. HELP

5  Paul’s ________ behaviour is annoying. He gets jealous when he isn’t the centre of attention.

6  Jack’s very ________. He’d like to be boss of the company one day. AMBITION

7  We need to take ________ action to stop the spread of this disease. We mustn’t waste a moment. DECIDE

8 When she was young, she was very ________. She never listened to her parents and joined a punk band. REBEL

9  The operation was quite ________. It really hurt. But Bob’s feeling better now. PAIN

10. Our car’s ________. It often breaks down – we got stuck on the motorway last week. RELY

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (1)

• A.

  True

• B.

  Really

• C.

  Main

• D.

  Strong

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (2)

• A.

  Rules the world for

• B.

  Makes the earth for

• C.

  Shows the earth to

• D.

  Means the world to

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (3)

• A.

  Mutual

• B.

  Dutiful

• C.

  Laid-back

• D.

  Considerate

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (4)

• A.

  Hang down from

• B.

  Hang out with

• C.

  Hang away from

• D.

  Hang over

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (5)

• A.

  Go

• B.

  Run

• C.

  Stand

• D.

  Lie

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (6)

• A.

  Common

• B.

  Usual

• C.

  Standard

• D.

  Proper

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (7)

• A.

  On

• B.

  In

• C.

  Over

• D.

  Up

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (8)

• A.

  Making

• B.

  Getting

• C.

  Taking

• D.

  Doing

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (9)

• A.

  Fashion

• B.

  Set

• C.

  Feel

• D.

  Sense

VOCABULARY Task 2 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). My Uncle Tim Of all my relatives, I have a very strong (0) bond with my uncle Tim. He’s a (1) _______ friend and really (2) _______ me. Perhaps it’s because he’s older than me – thirteen years older, in fact – but not so much older to make him of a different generation. As I was growing up, he was so cool and relaxed, you know, really (3) _______, as if nothing worried him. And now I’m twenty myself, he’s just good fun. He’s the kind of person you want to (4) _______ just because he’s fun to talk to, and the kind of person you can share problems with because you know he’ll always be supportive. Uncle Tim would always (5) _______ by me if things got tough. And I respect his advice because he talks a lot of (6) _______ sense. Uncle Tim works in the city centre, not far from my college, so we meet (7) _______ for a coffee and a chat at least once a week. He always asks me how I’m (8) _______ on at college, and we tell each other funny stories. We share the same (9) _______ of humour so it’s always a laugh. In the summer, I’m going to travel round Europe, and I’m trying to (10) _______ him to come with me. I hope he can – I can’t think of anyone I’d sooner travel the world with. (10)

• A.

  Take

• B.

  Get

• C.

  Go 

• D.

  Move

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 1 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 2 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 3 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 4 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 5 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 6 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 7 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 8 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 9 ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the last twenty years, over five million Britons (0) have left (leave) home for a new life abroad. More than one hundred thousand (1) _______ (move) abroad last year. Today, Australia (2) _______ (remain) the most popular destination. Its high standard of living and sunny weather (3) _______ (attract) two hundred thousand Britons in the last five years alone, and it (4) _______  (continue) to be the dream destination of many ‘poms’*. Meanwhile Spain, which (5) _______  (be) a favourite among retiring Britons in the 1990s, (6) _______  (drop) down the league table of popular destinations in recent years. The Spanish economy (7) _______ (struggle) since 2008, and the unemployment rate (8) _______ (rise) year on year. The sharp fall in Spanish house prices in 2008 (9) _______  (hit) ex-pat houseowners from the UK hard. As a result, Spain (10) _______ (become) a less attractive destination. 10 ________

GRAMMAR Task 2 Complete the sentences with the past simple, present perfect simple or present perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Here is an example (0). 0 I have known (know) Julia all my life. She’s very supportive. 1 All day, everybody ________ (chat) online about that drama serial on TV last night. I keep getting messages in my inbox even now!

2 Jake and I ________ (not get) on during last summer’s holiday. He’s the least considerate person I know.

3 Some time ago, John and I ________ (decide) to travel round the world together.

4 Ray ________ (buy) a new car. It’s outside. Come and have a look!

5 It’s about time you got here. It’s really late and we ________ (wait) for ages.

6 My brother ________ (move) to Canada. We won’t see him so much now.

7 My headache ________ (get) worse all morning. Perhaps I should lie down.

8 So far this year, the weather ________ (be) awful.

9 We first (hear) about our interesting family history when our uncle was here.

10 Amy ________ (not pass) her test yet. She’s hoping to take it again in the spring.

READING You are going to read an article about National Geographic’s Genographic Project. For questions 1–10, choose from the sections (A–E). The sections may be chosen more than once. There is an example at the beginning (0). National Geographic’s Genographic Project A It’s no secret that we all want to know who we really are and, since its launch in 2005, National Geographic’s Genographic Project has been using advanced DNA analysis to help answer fundamental questions about where humans originated and how we came to populate the Earth. Now, cutting-edge technology is enabling the project to shine a powerful new light on our collective past. By participating in the next phase of this real-time scientific research, you will be able to learn more about yourself and your roots than you ever thought possible. You will also help support the Genographic Legacy Fund, which works to conserve and revitalize indigenous cultures around the world. B The Genographic Project is a multi-year research initiative led by National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr Spencer Wells. Dr Wells and a team of renowned international scientists are using advanced genetic and computational technologies to analyse historical patterns in DNA from participants around the world to better understand our human genetic roots. As well as aiming to gather research data in collaboration with indigenous and traditional peoples, the project is reaching out to ordinary members of the public to help. Vital as it is to collect data from peoples who have evolved in relative isolation, having as large a database of samples as possible is just as essential to the success of the project. C To join this real-time scientific project all you have to do is purchase a Genographic Project Participation Kit, called Geno 2.0. Basically, this is a simple swab that you swipe on the inside of your cheek to collect your own DNA. Although it takes seconds to complete your part in the project, it will be months before you receive the results of the researchers’ analysis. However, it will be worth the wait. A technology called single nucleotide polymorphism uses computer chips to probe for 150,000 different mutations in any individual’s strand of DNA. Analysing these tiny mistakes, passed down over thousands of years of evolution, is what the project aims to do. D Although not a primary aim of the research, an area of study that may fascinate the layman is the extent to which our ancestry may or may not include genes from Neanderthal or Denisovan peoples. Until recently, it was believed that all humans were descended exclusively from Homo sapiens who evolved in what is now East Africa. Today, however, it is commonly accepted that modern humans, as they migrated north, west and east from Africa, mated with Neanderthal and Denisovan peoples, who had evolved separately. These peoples died out but their DNA has survived in a surprisingly large number of people today. It will be fascinating to discover the extent to which we are all Neanderthal. E Although taking part in National Geographic’s Genographic Project has a financial cost, your money won’t be wasted. A portion of the proceeds from all Geno 2.0 kit sales will be used to fund further research, and a further portion will go to the Genographic Legacy Fund, which in turn supports community-led indigenous conservation and revitalization projects. The Genographic Project is anonymous, non-medical and non-profit, and all results will be placed in the public domain following scientific peer publication. 0 Which section says which people are carrying out research into the human genome?  B  1  that our view of human evolution has changed to some extent? 2  why ordinary people should take part in the project? 3  whether or not other people will have access to an individual’s DNA data? 4  how many years the Genographic Project has been going on? 5  whether genetical information from one group of participants may be more important than information from another? 6  how ordinary people can gather and send useable material? 7  what the project most hopes to discover? 8  whether any of the data will be kept secret or not? 9  how an individual’s DNA is analysed using technology? 10  whether the quantity of information collected is a concern for the researchers? 1 ________

READING You are going to read an article about National Geographic’s Genographic Project. For questions 1–10, choose from the sections (A–E). The sections may be chosen more than once. There is an example at the beginning (0). National Geographic’s Genographic Project A It’s no secret that we all want to know who we really are and, since its launch in 2005, National Geographic’s Genographic Project has been using advanced DNA analysis to help answer fundamental questions about where humans originated and how we came to populate the Earth. Now, cutting-edge technology is enabling the project to shine a powerful new light on our collective past. By participating in the next phase of this real-time scientific research, you will be able to learn more about yourself and your roots than you ever thought possible. You will also help support the Genographic Legacy Fund, which works to conserve and revitalize indigenous cultures around the world. B The Genographic Project is a multi-year research initiative led by National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr Spencer Wells. Dr Wells and a team of renowned international scientists are using advanced genetic and computational technologies to analyse historical patterns in DNA from participants around the world to better understand our human genetic roots. As well as aiming to gather research data in collaboration with indigenous and traditional peoples, the project is reaching out to ordinary members of the public to help. Vital as it is to collect data from peoples who have evolved in relative isolation, having as large a database of samples as possible is just as essential to the success of the project. C To join this real-time scientific project all you have to do is purchase a Genographic Project Participation Kit, called Geno 2.0. Basically, this is a simple swab that you swipe on the inside of your cheek to collect your own DNA. Although it takes seconds to complete your part in the project, it will be months before you receive the results of the researchers’ analysis. However, it will be worth the wait. A technology called single nucleotide polymorphism uses computer chips to probe for 150,000 different mutations in any individual’s strand of DNA. Analysing these tiny mistakes, passed down over thousands of years of evolution, is what the project aims to do. D Although not a primary aim of the research, an area of study that may fascinate the layman is the extent to which our ancestry may or may not include genes from Neanderthal or Denisovan peoples. Until recently, it was believed that all humans were descended exclusively from Homo sapiens who evolved in what is now East Africa. Today, however, it is commonly accepted that modern humans, as they migrated north, west and east from Africa, mated with Neanderthal and Denisovan peoples, who had evolved separately. These peoples died out but their DNA has survived in a surprisingly large number of people today. It will be fascinating to discover the extent to which we are all Neanderthal. E Although taking part in National Geographic’s Genographic Project has a financial cost, your money won’t be wasted. A portion of the proceeds from all Geno 2.0 kit sales will be used to fund further research, and a further portion will go to the Genographic Legacy Fund, which in turn supports community-led indigenous conservation and revitalization projects. The Genographic Project is anonymous, non-medical and non-profit, and all results will be placed in the public domain following scientific peer publication. 0 Which section says which people are carrying out research into the human genome?  B  1  that our view of human evolution has changed to some extent? 2  why ordinary people should take part in the project? 3  whether or not other people will have access to an individual’s DNA data? 4  how many years the Genographic Project has been going on? 5  whether genetical information from one group of participants may be more important than information from another? 6  how ordinary people can gather and send useable material? 7  what the project most hopes to discover? 8  whether any of the data will be kept secret or not? 9  how an individual’s DNA is analysed using technology? 10  whether the quantity of information collected is a concern for the researchers? 2 ________

READING You are going to read an article about National Geographic’s Genographic Project. For questions 1–10, choose from the sections (A–E). The sections may be chosen more than once. There is an example at the beginning (0). National Geographic’s Genographic Project A It’s no secret that we all want to know who we really are and, since its launch in 2005, National Geographic’s Genographic Project has been using advanced DNA analysis to help answer fundamental questions about where humans originated and how we came to populate the Earth. Now, cutting-edge technology is enabling the project to shine a powerful new light on our collective past. By participating in the next phase of this real-time scientific research, you will be able to learn more about yourself and your roots than you ever thought possible. You will also help support the Genographic Legacy Fund, which works to conserve and revitalize indigenous cultures around the world. B The Genographic Project is a multi-year research initiative led by National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr Spencer Wells. Dr Wells and a team of renowned international scientists are using advanced genetic and computational technologies to analyse historical patterns in DNA from participants around the world to better understand our human genetic roots. As well as aiming to gather research data in collaboration with indigenous and traditional peoples, the project is reaching out to ordinary members of the public to help. Vital as it is to collect data from peoples who have evolved in relative isolation, having as large a database of samples as possible is just as essential to the success of the project. C To join this real-time scientific project all you have to do is purchase a Genographic Project Participation Kit, called Geno 2.0. Basically, this is a simple swab that you swipe on the inside of your cheek to collect your own DNA. Although it takes seconds to complete your part in the project, it will be months before you receive the results of the researchers’ analysis. However, it will be worth the wait. A technology called single nucleotide polymorphism uses computer chips to probe for 150,000 different mutations in any individual’s strand of DNA. Analysing these tiny mistakes, passed down over thousands of years of evolution, is what the project aims to do. D Although not a primary aim of the research, an area of study that may fascinate the layman is the extent to which our ancestry may or may not include genes from Neanderthal or Denisovan peoples. Until recently, it was believed that all humans were descended exclusively from Homo sapiens who evolved in what is now East Africa. Today, however, it is commonly accepted that modern humans, as they migrated north, west and east from Africa, mated with Neanderthal and Denisovan peoples, who had evolved separately. These peoples died out but their DNA has survived in a surprisingly large number of people today. It will be fascinating to discover the extent to which we are all Neanderthal. E Although taking part in National Geographic’s Genographic Project has a financial cost, your money won’t be wasted. A portion of the proceeds from all Geno 2.0 kit sales will be used to fund further research, and a further portion will go to the Genographic Legacy Fund, which in turn supports community-led indigenous conservation and revitalization projects. The Genographic Project is anonymous, non-medical and non-profit, and all results will be placed in the public domain following scientific peer publication. 0 Which section says which people are carrying out research into the human genome?  B  1  that our view of human evolution has changed to some extent? 2  why ordinary people should take part in the project? 3  whether or not other people will have access to an individual’s DNA data? 4  how many years the Genographic Project has been going on? 5  whether genetical information from one group of participants may be more important than information from another? 6  how ordinary people can gather and send useable material? 7  what the project most hopes to discover? 8  whether any of the data will be kept secret or not? 9  how an individual’s DNA is analysed using technology? 10  whether the quantity of information collected is a concern for the researchers? 3 ________

READING You are going to read an article about National Geographic’s Genographic Project. For questions 1–10, choose from the sections (A–E). The sections may be chosen more than once. There is an example at the beginning (0). National Geographic’s Genographic Project A It’s no secret that we all want to know who we really are and, since its launch in 2005, National Geographic’s Genographic Project has been using advanced DNA analysis to help answer fundamental questions about where humans originated and how we came to populate the Earth. Now, cutting-edge technology is enabling the project to shine a powerful new light on our collective past. By participating in the next phase of this real-time scientific research, you will be able to learn more about yourself and your roots than you ever thought possible. You will also help support the Genographic Legacy Fund, which works to conserve and revitalize indigenous cultures around the world. B The Genographic Project is a multi-year research initiative led by National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr Spencer Wells. Dr Wells and a team of renowned international scientists are using advanced genetic and computational technologies to analyse historical patterns in DNA from participants around the world to better understand our human genetic roots. As well as aiming to gather research data in collaboration with indigenous and traditional peoples, the project is reaching out to ordinary members of the public to help. Vital as it is to collect data from peoples who have evolved in relative isolation, having as large a database of samples as possible is just as essential to the success of the project. C To join this real-time scientific project all you have to do is purchase a Genographic Project Participation Kit, called Geno 2.0. Basically, this is a simple swab that you swipe on the inside of your cheek to collect your own DNA. Although it takes seconds to complete your part in the project, it will be months before you receive the results of the researchers’ analysis. However, it will be worth the wait. A technology called single nucleotide polymorphism uses computer chips to probe for 150,000 different mutations in any individual’s strand of DNA. Analysing these tiny mistakes, passed down over thousands of years of evolution, is what the project aims to do. D Although not a primary aim of the research, an area of study that may fascinate the layman is the extent to which our ancestry may or may not include genes from Neanderthal or Denisovan peoples. Until recently, it was believed that all humans were descended exclusively from Homo sapiens who evolved in what is now East Africa. Today, however, it is commonly accepted that modern humans, as they migrated north, west and east from Africa, mated with Neanderthal and Denisovan peoples, who had evolved separately. These peoples died out but their DNA has survived in a surprisingly large number of people today. It will be fascinating to discover the extent to which we are all Neanderthal. E Although taking part in National Geographic’s Genographic Project has a financial cost, your money won’t be wasted. A portion of the proceeds from all Geno 2.0 kit sales will be used to fund further research, and a further portion will go to the Genographic Legacy Fund, which in turn supports community-led indigenous conservation and revitalization projects. The Genographic Project is anonymous, non-medical and non-profit, and all results will be placed in the public domain following scientific peer publication. 0 Which section says which people are carrying out research into the human genome?  B  1  that our view of human evolution has changed to some extent? 2  why ordinary people should take part in the project? 3  whether or not other people will have access to an individual’s DNA data? 4  how many years the Genographic Project has been going on? 5  whether genetical information from one group of participants may be more important than information from another? 6  how ordinary people can gather and send useable material? 7  what the project most hopes to discover? 8  whether any of the data will be kept secret or not? 9  how an individual’s DNA is analysed using technology? 10  whether the quantity of information collected is a concern for the researchers? 4 ________