US History Chapter 4-5 Quiz

1.

In the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln

A.

Condemned the use of total war
B.

Promised the nation a new birth of freedom
C.

Declared that slavery was moral.
D.

Offered forgiveness to the South

Correct Answer
B. Promised the nation a new birth of freedom

Explanation
In the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln promised the nation a new birth of freedom. This can be inferred from his famous statement in the address: "that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom." Lincoln was emphasizing the importance of preserving the Union and ensuring that all men are equal, which implies a new beginning and a fresh start for the nation in terms of freedom and equality.

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2.

The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of

A.

Discouraging white males from joining the Union army
B.

Encouraging African Americans to serve in the Union army
C.

Prohibiting African Americans from service in the Union army
D.

Prohibiting African Americans from service in the Confederate army

Correct Answer
B. Encouraging African Americans to serve in the Union army

Explanation
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, declared that all slaves in Confederate territory were to be set free. This had the effect of encouraging African Americans to serve in the Union army because it offered them the opportunity to fight for their own freedom and to support the Union cause. Prior to the proclamation, African Americans had been largely excluded from military service, but afterwards, thousands of African Americans joined the Union army and played a crucial role in the war effort.

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3.

The Radical Republicans opposed President Lincoln's Reconstruction plan, saying it was too

A.

Harsh on the South
B.

Lenient on the South
C.

Generous to the freed people
D.

Difficult to carry out

Correct Answer
B. Lenient on the South

Explanation
The Radical Republicans opposed President Lincoln's Reconstruction plan because they believed it was lenient on the South. They felt that the plan did not do enough to punish the Southern states for their role in the Civil War and did not adequately protect the rights of freed slaves. The Radical Republicans wanted a more stringent approach that would hold the South accountable for their actions and ensure equal rights for all individuals.

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4.

Southern state governments restricted the rights of former slaves by

A.

Passing black codes
B.

Holding constitutional conventions
C.

Refusing to pay war debts
D.

Refusing to pass the Thirteenth Amendment

Correct Answer
A. Passing black codes

Explanation
After the Civil War, Southern state governments implemented black codes to restrict the rights of former slaves. These laws were designed to maintain white supremacy and control the newly freed African Americans. Black codes imposed various restrictions on the rights and freedoms of Black people, such as limiting their ability to own property, work certain jobs, or move freely. These codes aimed to recreate a system similar to slavery and ensure that African Americans remained subordinate to white society. Therefore, passing black codes was a way for Southern state governments to restrict the rights of former slaves.

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5.

The main goal of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction was to

A.

Prevent African Americans from exercising their rights.
B.

Gain control of state legislatures
C.

Restore the Confederacy
D.

Improve conditions for poor whites

Correct Answer
A. Prevent African Americans from exercising their rights.

Explanation
During Reconstruction, the Ku Klux Klan aimed to prevent African Americans from exercising their rights. This was evident through their violent and discriminatory actions, such as intimidating and terrorizing African Americans, suppressing their voting rights, and targeting those who sought to improve their socioeconomic conditions. The Klan's objective was to maintain white supremacy and undermine the progress made by African Americans during this period.

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6.

As white southerners regained control of state governments, they began to

A.

Reverse Reconstruction era reforms
B.

Compensate former slaves
C.

Join the Republican Party
D.

Refuse to pay war debts

Correct Answer
A. Reverse Reconstruction era reforms

Explanation
After white southerners regained control of state governments, they started to reverse the reforms that had been implemented during the Reconstruction era. This refers to the period after the American Civil War when efforts were made to rebuild and reform the South. These reforms included measures to protect the rights of African Americans, such as the establishment of schools and voting rights. However, as white southerners regained power, they sought to undo these reforms and reinstate white supremacy. They implemented laws such as Jim Crow laws and enacted policies that limited the rights and freedoms of African Americans, effectively reversing the progress made during Reconstruction.

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