Velocity & Acceleration Quiz: Physics In Motion

1. A car accelerates from 0 m/s to 20 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the car's average acceleration?

4.0 m/s²

2.0 m/s²

10.0 m/s²

5.0 m/s²

Average acceleration can be calculated using the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.

In this case: acceleration = (20 m/s - 0 m/s) / 5 s = 20 m/s / 5 s = 4.0 m/s².

So, the correct answer is 4.0 m/s².

Explanation

Average acceleration can be calculated using the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.

In this case: acceleration = (20 m/s - 0 m/s) / 5 s = 20 m/s / 5 s = 4.0 m/s².

So, the correct answer is 4.0 m/s².

2. A sprinter runs 100 meters in 12 seconds. What is their average speed?

8.33 m/s

10.0 m/s

12.5 m/s

15.0 m/s

Average speed = Total distance / Total time.

In this case, average speed = 100 meters / 12 seconds = 8.33 m/s.

The correct answer is 8.33 m/s.

Explanation

Average speed = Total distance / Total time.

In this case, average speed = 100 meters / 12 seconds = 8.33 m/s.

The correct answer is 8.33 m/s.

3. A cyclist travels 30 meters north in 15 seconds, then turns and travels 40 meters east in 20 seconds. What is the cyclist's average speed for the entire journey?

2.0 m/s.

2.5 m/s

1.5 m/s

5.0 m/s

Total distance traveled is 30 meters + 40 meters = 70 meters. The total time is 15 seconds + 20 seconds = 35 seconds.

The average speed is:

Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 70 meters / 35 seconds = 2.0 m/s.

The correct answer is 2.0 m/s.

Explanation

Total distance traveled is 30 meters + 40 meters = 70 meters. The total time is 15 seconds + 20 seconds = 35 seconds.

The average speed is:

Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 70 meters / 35 seconds = 2.0 m/s.

The correct answer is 2.0 m/s.

4. A group of bike riders took a 4.0-hour trip. During the first 3.0 hours, they traveled a total of 50. kilometers, but during the last hour they traveled only 10. kilometers. What was the group's average speed for the entire trip?

40. km/hr

30. km/hr

15 km/hr

60. km/hr

The average speed for the entire trip can be calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time taken. In this case, the total distance traveled is 50 km + 10 km = 60 km, and the total time taken is 4 hours. Dividing 60 km by 4 hours gives us an average speed of 15 km/hr.

Explanation

The average speed for the entire trip can be calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time taken. In this case, the total distance traveled is 50 km + 10 km = 60 km, and the total time taken is 4 hours. Dividing 60 km by 4 hours gives us an average speed of 15 km/hr.

5. The speed of a car is decreased uniformly from 30. meters per second to 10. meters per second in 4.0 seconds. The magnitude of the car's acceleration is

5.0 m/s2

10. m/s2

40. m/s2

20. m/s2

The magnitude of acceleration can be calculated using the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time. In this case, the initial velocity is 30 m/s, the final velocity is 10 m/s, and the time is 4.0 seconds. Plugging these values into the formula, we get: acceleration = (10 m/s - 30 m/s) / 4.0 s = -20 m/s / 4.0 s = -5.0 m/s2. Since acceleration is a vector quantity, the magnitude is the absolute value, so the magnitude of the car's acceleration is 5.0 m/s2.

Explanation

The magnitude of acceleration can be calculated using the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time. In this case, the initial velocity is 30 m/s, the final velocity is 10 m/s, and the time is 4.0 seconds. Plugging these values into the formula, we get: acceleration = (10 m/s - 30 m/s) / 4.0 s = -20 m/s / 4.0 s = -5.0 m/s2. Since acceleration is a vector quantity, the magnitude is the absolute value, so the magnitude of the car's acceleration is 5.0 m/s2.

6. A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. What is its velocity after 2 seconds if the acceleration due to gravity is -9.8 m/s²?

0 m/s

5.4 m/s

10 m/s

15 m/s

To find the velocity, use the formula:

Velocity = Initial velocity + (acceleration × time)

Velocity = 20 m/s + (-9.8 m/s² × 2 s)

Velocity = 20 m/s - 19.6 m/s = 0.4 m/s.

The correct answer is 0 m/s.

Explanation

To find the velocity, use the formula:

Velocity = Initial velocity + (acceleration × time)

Velocity = 20 m/s + (-9.8 m/s² × 2 s)

Velocity = 20 m/s - 19.6 m/s = 0.4 m/s.

The correct answer is 0 m/s.

7. Two cars, A and B, are 400. meters apart. Car A travels due east at 30. meters per second on a collision course with car B, which travels due west at 20. meters per second. How much time elapses before the two cars collide?

13 s

8.0 s

20. s

40. s

The time it takes for the two cars to collide can be found by dividing the distance between them by the sum of their speeds. In this case, the distance between the cars is 400 meters and the sum of their speeds is 30 + 20 = 50 meters per second. Dividing 400 by 50 gives us 8 seconds, which is the correct answer.

Explanation

The time it takes for the two cars to collide can be found by dividing the distance between them by the sum of their speeds. In this case, the distance between the cars is 400 meters and the sum of their speeds is 30 + 20 = 50 meters per second. Dividing 400 by 50 gives us 8 seconds, which is the correct answer.

8. One car travels 40. meters due east in 5.0 seconds, and a second car travels 64 meters due east in 8.0 seconds. During their periods of travel, the cars definitely had the same

Total displacement

Average velocity

Average speed

Change in momentum

The cars have different total displacements (40 meters for Car 1 and 64 meters for Car 2).

However, they have the same average velocity because the average velocity is determined by the ratio of displacement to time. Both cars have an average velocity of 8 meters per second.

So, during their periods of travel, the cars definitely had the same average velocity. The other options (total displacement, average speed, change in momentum) are not the same for the two cars based on the given information.

Explanation

The cars have different total displacements (40 meters for Car 1 and 64 meters for Car 2).

However, they have the same average velocity because the average velocity is determined by the ratio of displacement to time. Both cars have an average velocity of 8 meters per second.

So, during their periods of travel, the cars definitely had the same average velocity. The other options (total displacement, average speed, change in momentum) are not the same for the two cars based on the given information.

9. A car having an initial velocity of 12 meters per second east slows uniformly to 2 meters per second east in 4.0 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car during this 4.0-second interval?

2.5 m/s2 west

-2.5 m/s2 east

6.0 m/s2 east

6.0 m/s2 west

.

Explanation

.

10. A car travels 50 kilometers north in 1 hour, then 30 kilometers south in 30 minutes. What is the car's average velocity for the entire trip?

10 km/h north

10 km/h south

13.3 km/h north

20 km/h north

The total displacement is 50 km north - 30 km south = 20 km north. The total time is 1 hour + 0.5 hour = 1.5 hours.

Average velocity = Total displacement / Total time = 20 km / 1.5 hours = 13.3 km/h north.

The correct answer is 13.3 km/h north.

Explanation

The total displacement is 50 km north - 30 km south = 20 km north. The total time is 1 hour + 0.5 hour = 1.5 hours.

Average velocity = Total displacement / Total time = 20 km / 1.5 hours = 13.3 km/h north.

The correct answer is 13.3 km/h north.