Volcanoes - Chapter 9
Test your knowledge on volcanoes and where they form, why some volcanoes are explosive, what kind of landforms are produced by volcanic eruptions, and where volcanoes can be found in the solar system.
By Grant Richards, Katrina Lapham, Mckenzie Thibodeau
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Most of the athenosphere is _____ because of the pressure exerted by the lithosphere above it.
- A.
Water
- B.
Liquid
- C.
Solid
- D.
Cooler
Correct Answer
C. SolidExplanation
The correct answer is "Solid" because the lithosphere, which is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, exerts pressure on the underlying asthenosphere. This pressure causes the asthenosphere to be in a solid state, despite the high temperatures present in this region.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Most volcanoes are found along:
- A.
Mid-Ocean Ridges and Subduction Boundaries
- B.
Subduction Boundaries
- C.
Divergent Boundaries
- D.
Mid-Ocean Ridges and Divergent Boundaries
Correct Answer
A. Mid-Ocean Ridges and Subduction BoundariesExplanation
Volcanoes are commonly found along mid-ocean ridges and subduction boundaries. Mid-ocean ridges are underwater mountain ranges where tectonic plates are moving apart, allowing magma to rise and form new crust. Subduction boundaries occur when one tectonic plate is forced beneath another, causing intense heat and pressure that leads to the formation of volcanoes. Therefore, the correct answer is Mid-Ocean Ridges and Subduction Boundaries.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The characteristics of magma and the rate at which it rises depends on:
- A.
The amount of water it contains
- B.
The amount of silica is contains
- C.
Its' melting point
- D.
The amount of heavier elements it contains
Correct Answer
B. The amount of silica is containsExplanation
The amount of silica in magma determines its viscosity. Silica-rich magma has a higher viscosity, meaning it is more resistant to flow. This affects the rate at which magma rises to the surface. Magma with high silica content tends to be more explosive as gases cannot easily escape. On the other hand, magma with low silica content has low viscosity and can flow more easily, resulting in less explosive eruptions. Therefore, the amount of silica in magma is a crucial factor in determining its characteristics and the rate at which it rises.Rate this question:
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- 4.
At a subduction boundary, volcanoes always form where?
- A.
On the subducting plate
- B.
Between the two plates
- C.
They do not form at subduction boundaries
- D.
On the overriding plate
Correct Answer
D. On the overriding plateExplanation
At a subduction boundary, volcanoes always form on the overriding plate. This is because subduction occurs when one tectonic plate is forced beneath another, creating a convergent boundary. As the subducting plate sinks into the mantle, it generates intense heat and pressure, causing the mantle to melt. This molten rock, or magma, rises through the overriding plate, leading to the formation of volcanoes. These volcanoes are typically located parallel to the subduction zone and can create volcanic arcs, such as the Andes or the Cascades.Rate this question:
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- 5.
When two oceanic plates collide, the volcanoes create a:
- A.
Hot spot
- B.
Super volcano
- C.
Massive earthquake
- D.
Chain of volcanic islands
Correct Answer
D. Chain of volcanic islandsExplanation
When two oceanic plates collide, they create a chain of volcanic islands. This is because when the plates collide, one plate is forced beneath the other in a process called subduction. As the subducting plate sinks into the mantle, it begins to melt due to the high temperatures and pressures. This molten rock, or magma, then rises to the surface and erupts, forming a volcanic island. Over time, as the plate continues to move and the volcano becomes inactive, a new volcano forms further along the plate boundary, creating a chain of volcanic islands.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Where is one place where a mid-ocean ridge rises above sea level?
- A.
Iceland
- B.
France
- C.
Japan
- D.
Jamaica
Correct Answer
A. IcelandExplanation
Iceland is the correct answer because it is the only option where a mid-ocean ridge rises above sea level. Iceland is located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is a divergent boundary between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates. This ridge is unique because it extends above the surface of the ocean, creating volcanic activity and geothermal features on the island. The other options, France, Japan, and Jamaica, do not have mid-ocean ridges that rise above sea level.Rate this question:
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- 7.
How far beneath the surface do scientist estimate hot spots are?
- A.
120 kilometers to 500 kilometers
- B.
670 kilometers to 2,900 kilometers
- C.
6,400 kilometers to 7,640 kilometers
- D.
10,934 kilometers to 12,346 kilometers
Correct Answer
B. 670 kilometers to 2,900 kilometersExplanation
Scientists estimate that hot spots are located between 670 kilometers to 2,900 kilometers beneath the surface. This range is based on geological studies and observations. Hot spots are areas of intense volcanic activity that occur due to a localized source of heat deep within the Earth's mantle. The estimated depth range suggests that these hot spots are located in the upper mantle or lower mantle.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Because magma’s density is lower than that of the surrounding materials around it, what does it do when it forms?
- A.
Combust inside Earth's mantle
- B.
Slowly sink to Earth's core
- C.
It tends to rise to the surface
- D.
Boil from reacting with water.
Correct Answer
C. It tends to rise to the surfaceExplanation
Magma tends to rise to the surface because it is less dense than the surrounding materials. This is due to the high temperature and the presence of gases within the magma. The buoyancy force caused by the density difference causes the magma to move upwards towards the Earth's surface. As it rises, it can eventually erupt as a volcano or form intrusions such as dikes or sills.Rate this question:
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- 9.
When does a volcanic eruption occur?
- A.
When magma becomes more dense than surrounding objects
- B.
When there is an opening in Earth's surface
- C.
When the magma reaches its' boiling point
- D.
When magma rises to the surface
Correct Answer
D. When magma rises to the surfaceExplanation
A volcanic eruption occurs when magma rises to the surface. This happens when the pressure exerted by the magma becomes greater than the confining pressure of the surrounding rocks, causing the magma to push its way up towards the surface. As the magma rises, it may encounter cracks or openings in the Earth's surface, allowing it to escape and erupt onto the surface as lava, ash, and gases.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Most magma that reaches Earth’s surface does so at:
- A.
Divergent Boundaries
- B.
Subduction Boundaries
- C.
Convergent Boundaries
- D.
Hot Spots
Correct Answer
A. Divergent BoundariesExplanation
Magma that reaches Earth's surface at divergent boundaries is formed when two tectonic plates move away from each other, creating a gap. This movement allows hot magma from the mantle to rise and fill the gap, resulting in volcanic activity. This process is commonly observed at mid-ocean ridges, where new crust is continuously formed. Magma reaching the surface at subduction boundaries occurs when one tectonic plate is forced beneath another, causing melting of the subducted plate and the formation of volcanoes. Convergent boundaries also involve subduction, but the magma does not always reach the surface. Hot spots, on the other hand, are stationary areas of intense volcanic activity that occur above a mantle plume, unrelated to plate boundaries.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A _____ is an opening in Earth’s crust through that molten rock, gases, and ash erupt; also, the landform that develops around the opening.
Correct Answer
volcano
volcanoeExplanation
A volcano is an opening in Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt. It is also the landform that develops around the opening.Rate this question:
- 12.
A _____ is an area of volcanic activity that results from a plume of hot solid material that has risen from deep within Earth’s crust.
Correct Answer
hotspot
hot spotExplanation
A hotspot or hot spot is an area of volcanic activity that occurs when a plume of hot solid material rises from deep within Earth's crust. This plume of hot material creates a localized area of intense heat and volcanic activity, leading to the formation of volcanoes and other volcanic features. The terms "hotspot" and "hot spot" are used interchangeably to describe this geological phenomenon.Rate this question:
- 13.
Mount St. Helens exploded violently in 1980 after more than _____ of being quiet.
- A.
200 years
- B.
A thousand years
- C.
A century
- D.
600 years
Correct Answer
C. A centuryExplanation
Mount St. Helens exploded violently in 1980 after more than a century of being quiet. This means that the volcano had not erupted for more than 100 years before the 1980 eruption. The eruption was a result of built-up pressure and magma beneath the surface, which eventually led to a catastrophic explosion.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the percentage of basaltic magma’s silica content?
- A.
20%
- B.
30%
- C.
40%
- D.
50%
Correct Answer
D. 50%Explanation
Basaltic magma is characterized by its low silica content, typically ranging from 45% to 52%. Therefore, the correct answer is 50% as it falls within this range.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Where does andesitic magma tend to form?
- A.
Divergent Boundaries
- B.
Subduction Boundaries
- C.
All Convergent Boundaries
- D.
Mid-Ocean Ridges
Correct Answer
B. Subduction BoundariesExplanation
Andesitic magma tends to form at subduction boundaries. Subduction boundaries occur when one tectonic plate is forced beneath another plate, typically forming oceanic trenches. As the subducting plate sinks into the mantle, it undergoes melting due to the increase in temperature and pressure. This melting results in the formation of andesitic magma, which is characterized by its intermediate silica content and high viscosity. Andesitic magma is commonly associated with explosive volcanic eruptions and the formation of stratovolcanoes.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What does appearance of hardened basaltic lava depends on?
- A.
The elements present in the flow
- B.
The temperature and speed of the flow
- C.
The temperature and mass of the flow
- D.
The elements present in the flow and the speed of the flow
Correct Answer
B. The temperature and speed of the flowExplanation
The appearance of hardened basaltic lava depends on the temperature and speed of the flow. The temperature determines the viscosity of the lava, with hotter temperatures resulting in more fluid lava flows. The speed of the flow also affects the texture and appearance, as faster flows tend to have smoother surfaces due to the rapid cooling and solidification of the lava. Therefore, the temperature and speed of the flow are key factors in determining the appearance of hardened basaltic lava.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Pyroclastic material is classified by:
- A.
Speed when ejected
- B.
Color
- C.
Size
- D.
Texture
Correct Answer
C. SizeExplanation
Pyroclastic material is classified by its size. This classification is important as it helps scientists understand the characteristics and behavior of volcanic eruptions. The size of pyroclastic material can vary greatly, ranging from tiny ash particles to larger volcanic bombs. By studying the size distribution of pyroclastic material, scientists can determine the intensity of an eruption, the distance it can travel, and the potential hazards it may pose to surrounding areas. Therefore, size is a crucial factor in classifying pyroclastic material.Rate this question:
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- 18.
How fast may a pyroclastic flow travel?
- A.
Faster than 100 kilometers.
- B.
Faster than 1000 kilometers.
- C.
Faster than 200 kilometers.
- D.
Faster than 300 kilometers.
Correct Answer
A. Faster than 100 kilometers.Explanation
Pyroclastic flows are high-speed mixtures of hot gas, ash, and volcanic fragments that can travel down the slopes of a volcano. They can reach speeds of up to several hundred kilometers per hour, making them extremely dangerous. The correct answer "Faster than 100 kilometers" implies that pyroclastic flows can travel at speeds exceeding 100 kilometers per hour, emphasizing their rapid and destructive nature.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What are the two main gases magma contains?
- A.
Carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
- B.
Water vapor and hydrogen.
- C.
Water vapor and carbon dioxide.
- D.
Hydrogen and sulfuric acid.
Correct Answer
C. Water vapor and carbon dioxide.Explanation
Magma is a molten mixture of rock, minerals, and gases that forms beneath the Earth's surface. When magma rises to the surface and cools, it solidifies into igneous rock. The gases trapped in magma are released during volcanic eruptions. The two main gases found in magma are water vapor and carbon dioxide. These gases are produced by the heating and melting of rocks, as well as the degassing of volatile elements and compounds within the Earth's mantle.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79 produced a pyroclastic flow that buried the Roman city of _____ under pumice and ash.
- A.
Florence
- B.
Venice
- C.
Rome
- D.
Pompeii
Correct Answer
D. PompeiiExplanation
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79 caused a pyroclastic flow, which is a fast-moving cloud of hot gas, ash, and volcanic materials. This flow buried the Roman city of Pompeii under layers of pumice and ash. Pompeii was a thriving city at the time, and the eruption preserved the city and its inhabitants in remarkable detail, providing valuable insights into Roman life and culture.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What are intermediate sized pieces of pyroclastic material called?
- A.
Ash
- B.
Lapilli
- C.
Block
- D.
Bomb
Correct Answer
B. LapilliExplanation
Lapilli are intermediate sized pieces of pyroclastic material. They are typically between 2 and 64 millimeters in diameter and are formed during volcanic eruptions. Lapilli are larger than ash particles but smaller than blocks and bombs. They are often rounded or angular in shape and can be composed of various materials such as volcanic glass, pumice, or rock fragments. Lapilli can be ejected into the air during explosive eruptions and can also accumulate on the ground, forming layers of volcanic deposits.Rate this question:
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- 22.
More explosive eruptions usually involve magmas which contain:
- A.
Hydrogen
- B.
Sulfuric Acid
- C.
Water
- D.
Trapped Gases
Correct Answer
D. Trapped GasesExplanation
Explosive eruptions are typically caused by the release of trapped gases in magma. As magma rises to the surface, the decrease in pressure allows these gases, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, to expand and escape. The rapid expansion of these gases can lead to explosive eruptions, as the force of the escaping gases can fragment the magma and propel it into the air. Therefore, the presence of trapped gases in magma is a common characteristic of more explosive volcanic eruptions.Rate this question:
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- 23.
_____ is a substance’s resistance to flow.
Correct Answer
viscosityExplanation
Viscosity refers to a substance's resistance to flow. It is a measure of the internal friction within a fluid, determining how easily it can flow or how resistant it is to deformation. Viscosity is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and molecular structure. Liquids with high viscosity, like honey or syrup, flow slowly and have a thick consistency, while liquids with low viscosity, like water, flow easily and have a thin consistency.Rate this question:
- 24.
Magma that reaches Earth’s surface is called ____.
Correct Answer
lavaExplanation
Magma that reaches Earth's surface is known as lava. When molten rock, or magma, escapes from beneath the Earth's crust and flows onto the surface, it is called lava. Lava can be found in volcanic eruptions, where it can flow slowly or explosively, and it eventually cools and solidifies to form igneous rock. Lava is a vital component in the formation of volcanic landforms and plays a significant role in shaping the Earth's surface.Rate this question:
- 25.
____ is solidified basaltic lava on land that has formed with smooth, rope-like surfaces.
Correct Answer
pahoehoeExplanation
Pahoehoe is solidified basaltic lava on land that has formed with smooth, rope-like surfaces. This type of lava flow is characterized by its low viscosity, which allows it to flow easily and form smooth, undulating surfaces as it cools and solidifies. The rope-like appearance is created by the movement of the still-molten interior of the flow, which causes the surface to fold and twist. Pahoehoe lava flows are commonly found in volcanic regions and are a result of the unique properties of basaltic lava.Rate this question:
- 26.
A solidified basaltic lava flow on land that has formed with rough, jagged surfaces is called ___.
Correct Answer
Aa
aaExplanation
A solidified basaltic lava flow on land that has formed with rough, jagged surfaces is called "Aa".Rate this question:
- 27.
____ is solid rock fragments that are ejected during a volcanic eruption.
Correct Answer
pyroclastic materialExplanation
Pyroclastic material refers to solid rock fragments that are forcefully expelled during a volcanic eruption. These fragments can range in size from tiny ash particles to larger rocks and boulders. The intense heat and pressure of the eruption cause the rocks to break apart and become airborne. As the volcanic plume rises, the pyroclastic material can travel great distances before eventually falling back to the ground. This material is often hot and can cause significant damage and danger to surrounding areas, including the destruction of buildings, vegetation, and even human lives.Rate this question:
- 28.
A dense, superheated cloud of gases and pyroclastic material that moves rapidly downhill from an erupting volcano is called a ____.
Correct Answer
pyroclastic flowExplanation
A dense, superheated cloud of gases and pyroclastic material that moves rapidly downhill from an erupting volcano is called a pyroclastic flow. This phenomenon occurs when volcanic ash, rocks, and gas mix together and flow down the volcano's slopes due to gravity. Pyroclastic flows are extremely dangerous and can reach speeds of up to 700 km/h, causing widespread destruction and posing a significant threat to human life and infrastructure.Rate this question:
- 29.
The Broad base of a shield volcano can support:
- A.
A mountain with enormous height
- B.
A mountain with little height
- C.
A hill with enormous height
- D.
A hill with little height
Correct Answer
A. A mountain with enormous heightExplanation
The broad base of a shield volcano is able to support a mountain with enormous height. Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and are formed by the accumulation of lava flows, which spread out and create a wide base. This broad base provides stability and strength, allowing the volcano to support the weight of a mountain with great height. Additionally, shield volcanoes are characterized by low viscosity lava, which flows easily and does not build up steep slopes. Therefore, they are capable of supporting a mountain with enormous height without collapsing.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Because shield volcanoes discharge basaltic lavas, they tend to be:
- A.
More explosive than other types of volcanoes
- B.
The same explosive than other types of volcanoes
- C.
Less explosive than other volcanoes
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Less explosive than other volcanoesExplanation
Shield volcanoes are characterized by the eruption of fluid basaltic lavas, which have low viscosity and flow easily. Due to their low silica content, these lavas do not trap gas bubbles, resulting in less explosive eruptions. Therefore, shield volcanoes are generally less explosive than other types of volcanoes, such as stratovolcanoes, which erupt more viscous lavas with higher silica content, leading to the buildup of gas pressure and more explosive eruptions.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Cinder cone volcanoes tend to be:
- A.
Bigger than other types of volcanoes
- B.
Higher than other types of volcanoes
- C.
Shorter than other types of volcanoes
- D.
Smaller than other types of volcanoes
Correct Answer
D. Smaller than other types of volcanoesExplanation
Cinder cone volcanoes tend to be smaller than other types of volcanoes because they are formed by explosive eruptions of gas-rich magma. These eruptions result in the ejection of pyroclastic material, such as ash and cinder, which accumulate around the vent and form a conical shape. Due to their explosive nature, cinder cone volcanoes do not typically reach the same size or height as other types of volcanoes, such as shield or composite volcanoes, which are formed by less explosive eruptions and have a more gradual slope.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following landforms is a caldera?
- A.
Mauna Loa
- B.
Crater Lake
- C.
Mount Shasta
- D.
Capulin
Correct Answer
B. Crater LakeExplanation
Crater Lake is a caldera because it was formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption. The eruption caused the volcano to empty its magma chamber, resulting in the collapse of the volcano's summit. This collapse created a large, circular depression that eventually filled with water, forming Crater Lake. Mauna Loa, Mount Shasta, and Capulin are not calderas. Mauna Loa is a shield volcano, Mount Shasta is a stratovolcano, and Capulin is a cinder cone volcano.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which of the following is a type of volcano?
- A.
Shield
- B.
Composite
- C.
Cinder cone
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the options listed (Shield, Composite, and Cinder cone) are types of volcanoes. A shield volcano is a broad, gently sloping volcano formed by thin, runny lava that spreads over a large area. A composite volcano, also known as a stratovolcano, is a tall, steep-sided volcano formed by alternating layers of lava and ash. A cinder cone volcano is a small, steep-sided volcano formed by explosive eruptions of cinders and other volcanic debris. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as all three options are types of volcanoes.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Many _____ volcanoes have calderas at their summits.
- A.
Non-active
- B.
Small
- C.
Active
- D.
Big
Correct Answer
C. ActiveExplanation
The correct answer is "Active" because active volcanoes are known to have calderas at their summits. Calderas are large volcanic craters that form when the magma chamber beneath a volcano collapses after an eruption. Active volcanoes are those that have erupted recently or are expected to erupt in the future, making them more likely to have calderas. Non-active and small volcanoes may not have the same level of volcanic activity or the necessary conditions for the formation of calderas. Similarly, while big volcanoes may have the potential for caldera formation, it is not a guarantee.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Crater Lake is a caldera. Located in what state?
- A.
Arizona
- B.
Oregon
- C.
New Mexico
- D.
Colorado
Correct Answer
B. OregonExplanation
Crater Lake is a caldera formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption. It is located in Oregon.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Because of it's _____ viscosity, basaltic lava tends to flow long distances before hardening.
- A.
High
- B.
Low
- C.
New
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. LowExplanation
Basaltic lava has a low viscosity, meaning it is less resistant to flow. This allows it to travel long distances before solidifying. The low viscosity is due to the low silica content in basaltic lava, which makes it more fluid compared to other types of lava. As a result, basaltic lava can flow for several kilometers before cooling and hardening into solid rock.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The term volcano refers not only to a volcanic vent but also to the _____.
- A.
Land form that develops as the materials from a volcanic eruption harden
- B.
The explosions it has
- C.
Both a & b
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Land form that develops as the materials from a volcanic eruption hardenExplanation
The term volcano refers not only to a volcanic vent but also to the land form that develops as the materials from a volcanic eruption harden. This means that when a volcano erupts, the molten lava and other materials that are ejected from the vent cool and solidify, forming a new land form. Therefore, the correct answer is "Land form that develops as the materials from a volcanic eruption harden."Rate this question:
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- 38.
After a violent eruption a composite volcano stays relatively _____ for a long period of time.
- A.
Still
- B.
Shaky
- C.
Loud
- D.
Quiet
Correct Answer
D. QuietExplanation
After a violent eruption, a composite volcano stays relatively quiet for a long period of time. This is because the eruption releases a significant amount of built-up pressure and energy within the volcano. As a result, the volcano enters a dormant or inactive phase, where there is little to no volcanic activity. During this period, the volcano appears calm and quiet, with no signs of any imminent eruptions. This quiet phase can last for many years or even centuries before the volcano becomes active again.Rate this question:
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- 39.
How much of the moons surface is covered by dark areas?
- A.
25%
- B.
45%
- C.
75%
- D.
15%
Correct Answer
D. 15%Explanation
The correct answer is 15%. This means that only 15% of the moon's surface is covered by dark areas. The dark areas, also known as lunar maria, are large basaltic plains that were formed by ancient volcanic eruptions. The rest of the moon's surface is covered by bright, rugged highlands. The dark areas are more visible from Earth and give the moon its characteristic "man in the moon" appearance.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What did early astronomers looking at the moon think the dark areas were?
- A.
People
- B.
Big rocks and mountain ranges
- C.
Seas
- D.
Life
Correct Answer
C. SeasExplanation
Early astronomers looking at the moon believed that the dark areas were seas. This was because these areas appeared smooth and dark, resembling bodies of water on Earth. They named these regions "seas" or "maria" in Latin, even though they were actually large plains of solidified lava. The term "seas" was used metaphorically to describe these areas, as early astronomers did not have the technology to accurately determine the moon's geological features.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Later on in history, dark spots became known as what?
- A.
Maria
- B.
Moon dots
- C.
Dark spots
- D.
The Sierra Mountains
Correct Answer
A. MariaExplanation
In the context of the question, "dark spots" are referred to as "Maria." Maria is the term used to describe the large, dark, flat areas on the Moon's surface, which were initially mistaken for bodies of water by early astronomers. The term "dark spots" is synonymous with Maria in the context of lunar geography.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Scientist rely, in part, on _____ to understand the history of volcanic activity on the moon.
- A.
People
- B.
Videos
- C.
They have nothing to rely on
- D.
Photographs
Correct Answer
D. pHotograpHsExplanation
Scientists rely on photographs to understand the history of volcanic activity on the moon because photographs provide visual evidence of past volcanic eruptions and lava flows. By studying the size, shape, and distribution of volcanic features captured in photographs, scientists can determine the age and duration of volcanic activity, as well as the types of volcanic processes that occurred. Additionally, photographs can reveal the presence of specific volcanic materials and help identify potential future volcanic hazards.Rate this question:
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- 43.
_____ is the largest known volcano in the solar system.
- A.
Olympus Mons
- B.
Maria
- C.
Olympia
- D.
Marcola
Correct Answer
A. Olympus MonsExplanation
Olympus Mons is the largest known volcano in the solar system. This volcano is located on Mars and is about 13.6 miles (22 kilometers) high, making it nearly three times the height of Mount Everest. Olympus Mons is also about 370 miles (600 kilometers) in diameter, which is roughly equivalent to the size of the state of Arizona. Its massive size is due to the fact that Mars does not have tectonic plate movement like Earth, allowing the volcano to continuously erupt and build up over time.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Olympus Mons' huge size suggest that Mars does not have _____.
- A.
Moving plates
- B.
Any other volcanoes
- C.
Water
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Moving platesExplanation
The huge size of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano in the solar system, suggests that Mars does not have moving plates. On Earth, the movement of tectonic plates is responsible for the formation of mountains and volcanoes. However, Mars lacks the same type of tectonic activity, indicating that its volcanoes, including Olympus Mons, are not formed by plate movement. Therefore, the correct answer is moving plates.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Most of the volcanoes on Venus are what type of Volcanoes?
- A.
Composite
- B.
Cinder cone
- C.
Shield
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
C. ShieldExplanation
Shield volcanoes are the most common type of volcanoes on Venus. These volcanoes are characterized by their broad, low-profile shape and are formed by the eruption of low-viscosity lava that spreads out in thin layers. They have gentle slopes and can cover large areas. This type of volcano is different from composite volcanoes, which are tall and steep, and cinder cone volcanoes, which are small and conical. Therefore, the correct answer is shield volcanoes.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What is one of the most volcanically active places in the solar system is _____, Jupiter third largest moon.
Correct Answer
IOExplanation
One of the most volcanically active places in the solar system is IO, Jupiter's third largest moon. IO is known for its intense volcanic activity, with hundreds of active volcanoes erupting constantly. This is due to the tidal forces exerted by Jupiter and its other moons, causing immense heat and friction within IO's interior. The volcanic activity on IO is so intense that it has created a colorful and dynamic surface, making it a fascinating object of study for scientists.Rate this question:
- 47.
Lava Temperatures at Pillan Patera may be as high as what?
- A.
1720 Degrees Celsius
- B.
2025 Degrees Celsius
- C.
1970 Degrees Celsius
- D.
3456 Degrees Celsius
Correct Answer
A. 1720 Degrees CelsiusExplanation
The correct answer is 1720 Degrees Celsius. This is the highest temperature that may be reached at Pillan Patera.Rate this question:
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- 48.
A volcano has a broad base and gently sloping sides is known as a _____.
Correct Answer
shield volcanoExplanation
A volcano with a broad base and gently sloping sides is known as a shield volcano. Shield volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of low-viscosity lava flows that spread out in thin layers, gradually building up the volcano's shape. This type of volcano has a characteristic shield-like appearance, with a wide base and gradual slopes. Shield volcanoes are typically not explosive and are associated with effusive eruptions, where lava flows steadily from the vent. They are commonly found in hotspots and are examples of basaltic volcanism.Rate this question:
- 49.
_____ is the simplest type of volcano
Correct Answer
cinder coneExplanation
A cinder cone is the simplest type of volcano because it is formed by a single eruption and consists mainly of loose volcanic fragments, such as cinders and ash. These fragments are ejected into the air and fall back onto the volcano's vent, building up a cone-shaped structure. Cinder cones are typically small in size and have steep slopes. They have a short lifespan and are often found alongside other types of volcanoes.Rate this question:
- 50.
A volcano made of layers hardened lava flows and pyroclastic materials is called a _____.
Correct Answer
composite volcanoExplanation
A composite volcano is formed by layers of hardened lava flows and pyroclastic materials. The term "composite" refers to the fact that these volcanoes are composed of multiple layers of different materials. The lava flows and pyroclastic materials build up over time, creating a steep-sided cone shape. These volcanoes are characterized by explosive eruptions due to the high viscosity of the lava, which causes gas build-up and pressure. Composite volcanoes are also known as stratovolcanoes and are typically found in subduction zones where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jun 07, 2010Quiz Created by
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