World Geography Sw Asia Unit 7: Chapter 22 Section 2

Located in the Older part of the city, the Temple Mount once housed the religion's (Jewish) earliest temples. The term "Temple Mount" refers to a significant religious site in Jerusalem, specifically the elevated platform where the First and Second Jewish Temples were believed to have been located. It is considered a sacred site in Judaism and is also important in Christianity and Islam. The mention of the Temple Mount in the context of housing the earliest Jewish temples aligns with its historical and religious significance.

The correct answer for this question is "western wall, wailing wall". The Western Wall, also known as the Wailing Wall, is a significant religious site for Jews. It is a remnant of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and is considered a holy place for prayer and reflection. Jews from all over the world come to the Western Wall to pray and connect with their heritage. The term "Wailing Wall" comes from the tradition of mourners lamenting the destruction of the Temple at this site.

Jerusalem is considered a sacred location for Christians because it is believed to be the place where Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity, suffered and was crucified. According to the New Testament of the Bible, Jesus was arrested, tried, and sentenced to death in Jerusalem. He carried his cross through the streets of the city and was crucified on a hill called Golgotha, also known as Calvary. This event, known as the Crucifixion, is of utmost significance to Christians as it represents the sacrifice made by Jesus for the forgiveness of sins and the salvation of humanity.

During the time when Jerusalem was under Muslim control, Christians initiated the crusades in an attempt to recapture the territories and establish Christian dominance. The crusades were a series of military campaigns that took place between the 11th and 13th centuries, driven by religious motivations and the desire to reclaim holy sites in the Holy Land. These campaigns were marked by intense fighting and resulted in varying degrees of success for the Christian forces.

The Dome of the Rock is a significant Islamic shrine located in Jerusalem. It is believed by Muslims to be the spot from where the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven during the Night Journey. The dome serves as a symbol of the Islamic faith and holds great religious importance for Muslims worldwide.

The correct answer is Abraham because according to the Jewish tradition, Abraham was commanded by God to sacrifice his son Isaac on Mount Moriah, which is believed to be the location of the Dome of the Rock. This event is seen as a significant test of Abraham's faith and obedience to God. Therefore, Jews believe that the Dome of the Rock is the site where Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac.

There have been clashes between Jews and Muslims because the holy sites are close together.

After the end of World War I, the Ottoman Empire indeed collapsed. The empire was already weakened by internal conflicts and external pressures before the war, and its defeat in the war led to further disintegration. The empire was partitioned by the victorious Allied powers, and its territories were divided among various countries. This marked the end of the Ottoman Empire, which had been a significant power in the Middle East and Europe for centuries.

After World War I, France took control of Lebanon as a mandate from the League of Nations. In addition to Lebanon, France also took control of Syria as a mandate. This was part of the broader division of the former Ottoman Empire territories by the victorious powers after the war. France administered both Lebanon and Syria until they gained independence in the mid-20th century.

After World War I, Britain gained control over the southern portion of the Eastern Mediterranean, which included territories such as Jordan and Israel. This control was established through the League of Nations mandate system, which granted Britain authority over these territories. The term "southern" and "south" both accurately describe the geographical location of the area that Britain controlled in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Syria gained independence in 1946. This statement is true. Prior to 1946, Syria was under French mandate after the fall of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. However, after years of struggle and resistance, Syria finally gained its independence in 1946, becoming a sovereign nation.

After World War I, the land controlled by Britain was known as Palestine. This refers to the region that was under British administration from 1920 to 1948, following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The British Mandate for Palestine was established by the League of Nations, and during this period, Britain governed the area until it eventually led to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.

Zionism was a movement that aimed to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine. It sought to address the historical and ongoing persecution of Jews by providing them with a safe and secure place to live and practice their religion. The movement gained momentum in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the eventual establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. Zionism was driven by the belief in Jewish self-determination and the desire to create a national homeland for the Jewish people.

During World War II, the British government issued the White Paper of 1939, which restricted Jewish immigration to Palestine. The aim was to appease the Arab population in the region and prevent further tensions between them and the Jewish community. This policy effectively halted Jewish immigration to Palestine during that time period, making the statement true.

The land designated for Palestinians on the West Bank and Gaza Strip is under Israeli control. This means that the Israeli government has authority and jurisdiction over these areas. The term "Israeli" refers to the nationality or citizenship of the people who are from Israel, while "Israel" refers to the country itself. "Israel's" indicates possession or ownership, implying that the land belongs to Israel.

The acronym PLO stands for Palestine Liberation Organization. The Palestine Liberation Organization is a political and paramilitary organization that was formed in 1964 with the aim of establishing a Palestinian state. It has been recognized as the representative of the Palestinian people by the Arab League and numerous other countries. The PLO has played a significant role in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and has been involved in various negotiations and peace processes.

Civil wars in Lebanon and Cyprus have caused huge economic problems. Civil wars are characterized by intense internal conflicts within a country, often leading to widespread violence, destruction, and displacement of people. These conflicts disrupt economic activities, damage infrastructure, and hinder trade and investment, resulting in significant economic downturns. The prolonged nature of civil wars further exacerbates the economic impact, as it becomes challenging to rebuild and recover from the destruction. Therefore, the occurrence of civil wars in Lebanon and Cyprus has undoubtedly caused substantial economic problems in these countries.

Many countries lack the proper infrastructure to develop a good economy. This is true because infrastructure, such as transportation systems, communication networks, and energy facilities, plays a crucial role in supporting economic activities. Without adequate infrastructure, countries may face difficulties in attracting investments, efficiently moving goods and services, and connecting with global markets. This can hinder economic growth and development. Therefore, it is accurate to say that many countries do lack the necessary infrastructure to develop a strong economy.

The statement is true because eating in restaurants is not as common in Eastern Mediterranean countries compared to the United States. This could be due to cultural differences, preferences for home-cooked meals, or other factors that prioritize different dining experiences.

The majority of the people who live in the countries in the Eastern Mediterranean are Muslim Arabs. This implies that most of the population in this region consists of individuals who identify as both Muslim and Arab. The term "Muslim Arabs" refers to people who follow the Islamic faith and also belong to the Arab ethnic group.

Lebanon has been a refuge for Muslims and Christians due to its historical and cultural diversity. The country has a long history of coexistence between these two religious communities, with both groups having a significant presence in the country. Lebanon's constitution recognizes the rights and freedoms of all religious groups, allowing them to practice their faith freely. This religious tolerance has made Lebanon an attractive destination for Christians seeking refuge and a place to practice their religion without persecution.

The creation of Israel resulted in a significant number of Palestinian refugees. The establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 led to a conflict between Israelis and Palestinians, causing many Palestinians to flee their homes and become displaced. This event, known as the Nakba, caused a mass exodus of Palestinians, resulting in a large number of Palestinian refugees seeking shelter and assistance in neighboring countries and beyond.

Jerusalem is considered the center of the modern and ancient homeland for Jews. It holds great religious significance as the site of the Western Wall, the holiest place in Judaism, and the location of the ancient Jewish temples. Jerusalem has been the capital of Israel since its establishment in 1948 and is a focal point for Jewish culture, history, and identity. The city is deeply rooted in Jewish traditions and is revered as a symbol of Jewish heritage and connection to their ancestral homeland.

Solomon is the correct answer because according to historical and biblical accounts, King Solomon, the son of King David, built the First Temple on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. He is known for his wisdom and his reign is considered a prosperous and significant period in the history of Israel. The First Temple was an important religious and cultural center for the Jewish people until its destruction by the Babylonians in 586 BCE.

The correct answer is PLO. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was formed in the 1960s with the aim of regaining land for Palestinian Arabs. The organization was established as a nationalist movement to represent the Palestinian people and their struggle for self-determination and the creation of a Palestinian state. The PLO played a significant role in advocating for Palestinian rights and has been involved in various political and armed activities throughout its history.

Mecca and Medina are widely known as the two most holy cities in Islam. However, Jerusalem is also considered a significant holy city for Muslims. It is home to Al-Aqsa Mosque, the third holiest site in Islam after the Kaaba in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in Medina. Muslims believe that the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven from Al-Aqsa Mosque during the Night Journey. Therefore, Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem are the three most holy cities to Muslims.

Israel was established in 1948. This is the correct answer because in that year, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution to partition Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states. Following this, the State of Israel was officially declared on May 14, 1948, marking the establishment of a Jewish homeland in the region.

Jordan has the largest Palestinian refugee population because it has historically been a destination for Palestinian refugees fleeing conflicts in the region, particularly during the Arab-Israeli wars. Jordan has provided refuge and support to Palestinians, granting them citizenship and access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. The country's geographic proximity to Palestine and its historical and cultural ties have made it a natural destination for Palestinian refugees seeking safety and stability.

Lebanon gained independence in 1943. This answer is correct because it is the only option that falls within the range of possible years for Lebanon's independence. The other options, 31, 33, 41, and 46, are not valid years for Lebanon's independence.