1.
Which two cultures blended to shape the development of Mexico?
Correct Answer
B. Native peoples and Spanish
Explanation
The development of Mexico was shaped by the blending of native peoples and the Spanish culture. The native peoples, including the Mayas and Aztecs, had a rich history and cultural traditions that influenced the development of Mexico. When the Spanish arrived in Mexico in the 16th century, they brought their own language, religion, and customs, which were also incorporated into the Mexican culture. This blending of native and Spanish cultures resulted in a unique and diverse cultural heritage that is still evident in Mexico today.
2.
Which of the following is expected to contribute to Mexico's economic prosperity?
Correct Answer
B. NAFTA
Explanation
NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement, is expected to contribute to Mexico's economic prosperity. This agreement, signed between Mexico, the United States, and Canada, aims to promote free trade and investment among the three countries. By eliminating tariffs and trade barriers, NAFTA has facilitated increased trade between Mexico and its North American partners. This has led to the growth of industries, job creation, and foreign investment in Mexico, ultimately contributing to the country's economic prosperity.
3.
The economies of Central American and the Caribbean are primarily based on which of these two factors?
Correct Answer
D. Agriculture and tourism
Explanation
The economies of Central American and the Caribbean are primarily based on agriculture and tourism. These regions have fertile land and favorable climates for agriculture, which allows them to cultivate crops and export agricultural products. Additionally, the tropical climate and beautiful beaches attract tourists from around the world, contributing significantly to the economies through tourism-related activities such as hotels, restaurants, and recreational services.
4.
Which of the following are the major groups of people that shaped the cultures of both Central America and the Caribbean?
Correct Answer
A. Native peoples, Europeans, Africans
Explanation
The cultures of both Central America and the Caribbean were shaped by the interactions and influences of native peoples, Europeans, and Africans. Native peoples, who were the original inhabitants of these regions, had established their own unique cultures and traditions. The arrival of Europeans, particularly the Spanish and Portuguese, brought about significant changes through colonization, the introduction of new languages, religions, and political systems. The forced migration of Africans through the transatlantic slave trade also played a crucial role in shaping the cultures, as they brought their own traditions, languages, and music, which blended with the existing cultures.
5.
Which of the following was developed to make member economies more stable?
Correct Answer
C. Mercosur
Explanation
Mercosur was developed to make member economies more stable. Mercosur, also known as the Southern Common Market, is a regional integration organization in South America. It aims to promote free trade and economic cooperation among its member countries, which include Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. By reducing trade barriers and promoting economic integration, Mercosur seeks to enhance stability and growth in the region.
6.
Which of the following countries has both the largest territory and population of any country in Latin America?
Correct Answer
B. Brazil
Explanation
Brazil has both the largest territory and population of any country in Latin America. With an area of over 8.5 million square kilometers, it is the fifth-largest country in the world by land area. Additionally, Brazil has a population of over 211 million people, making it the most populous country in Latin America and the sixth-most populous country globally. Therefore, Brazil is the correct answer to this question.
7.
Which of the following two countries gained control of the land in South America as a result of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Correct Answer
C. Spain and Portugal
Explanation
The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed in 1494 and divided the newly discovered lands in South America between Spain and Portugal. This agreement was reached to prevent conflicts between these two powerful nations over their territorial claims. Therefore, the correct answer is Spain and Portugal.
8.
Which of the following identifies the reason why the Portuguese brought Africans to the colony of Brazil?
Correct Answer
C. To clear the land
Explanation
The Portuguese brought Africans to the colony of Brazil to clear the land. This was necessary because the land needed to be cleared of vegetation and forests in order to make space for agriculture and settlement. The Africans were forced into labor and tasked with clearing the land, making it suitable for cultivation and habitation. This practice was common during the colonial period, as European powers sought to exploit the resources and establish their dominance in the new territories they colonized.
9.
The defeat of the Aztec empire by Cortes and his army is known as part of the ___________
Correct Answer
C. Spanish Conquest
Explanation
The defeat of the Aztec empire by Cortes and his army is known as the Spanish Conquest. This refers to the period in the early 16th century when the Spanish conquistadors, led by Hernán Cortés, invaded and ultimately conquered the Aztec empire in what is now Mexico. The Spanish Conquest had a profound impact on the region, leading to the colonization and domination of the Americas by the Spanish Empire.
10.
Factories along the US - Mexican border that assemble imported materials into finished goods to be exported are called __________
Correct Answer
B. Maquiladoras
Explanation
Maquiladoras are factories located along the US-Mexican border that import materials and assemble them into finished goods for export. These factories take advantage of lower labor costs in Mexico and have played a significant role in the growth of the manufacturing industry in the region. The term "maquiladora" originated from the Spanish word "maquila," which refers to the portion of grain that a miller would take as payment for milling corn.
11.
After Mexico gained its independence from Spain, Central America declared its independence from Mexico and formed the ______________
Correct Answer
D. United Provinces of Central America
Explanation
After Mexico gained its independence from Spain, Central America declared its independence from Mexico and formed the United Provinces of Central America. This was a political union consisting of the territories of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. The union aimed to create a unified Central American state, but it eventually dissolved due to internal conflicts and regional rivalries. The National Action Party, Institutional Revolutionary Party, and Mercosur are not relevant to the context of Central America's independence from Mexico.
12.
The party that helped to introduce democracy and maintain political stability for much of the 20th century was the __________
Correct Answer
C. Institutional Revolutionary Party
Explanation
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) helped introduce democracy and maintain political stability for much of the 20th century. The PRI was the dominant political party in Mexico from 1929 to 2000 and played a significant role in shaping Mexican politics during that time. It implemented policies that promoted economic development, social welfare, and political control. While the PRI's rule was often criticized for its authoritarian tendencies, it also oversaw important democratic reforms, such as allowing opposition parties to participate in elections. Its long-lasting presence in Mexican politics contributed to political stability during a significant part of the 20th century.
13.
Two forms of music that started in the Caribbean and spread to other parts of the world are calypso and ________
Correct Answer
B. Reggae
Explanation
Reggae is the correct answer because it is a music genre that originated in Jamaica, which is part of the Caribbean. It incorporates elements of calypso, ska, and rocksteady, and has since spread to other parts of the world, becoming popular globally. Reggae is known for its distinctive rhythm, upbeat melodies, and socially conscious lyrics, making it a significant cultural export from the Caribbean.
14.
One of Mexico's main economic challenges has been to develop a modern __________
Correct Answer
B. Industrial economy
Explanation
Mexico's main economic challenge has been to develop a modern industrial economy. This means that Mexico has faced difficulties in transitioning from an economy primarily based on agriculture to one that is focused on manufacturing and industrial production. Developing a modern industrial economy involves increasing productivity, diversifying industries, and attracting investment in manufacturing and technology sectors. This transition is crucial for Mexico's economic growth and competitiveness in the global market.
15.
The culture of Central America and the Caribbean differs from that of Mexico because, in additioin to being shaped by native peoples and the Spanish, it was also influenced by ______________
Correct Answer
B. Other Europeans and Africans
Explanation
The culture of Central America and the Caribbean differs from that of Mexico because, in addition to being shaped by native peoples and the Spanish, it was also influenced by other Europeans and Africans. This suggests that the region had interactions and exchanges with various European countries and African populations, leading to a diverse cultural blend. The presence of other Europeans and Africans in the region likely contributed to the development of unique traditions, languages, cuisine, music, and other cultural aspects that distinguish Central America and the Caribbean from Mexico.
16.
It is reasonable to infer that devastating hurricanes can effect the economies of Caribbean countries because __________
Correct Answer
A. They disrupt tourism, a major source of income
Explanation
Devastating hurricanes can have a significant impact on the economies of Caribbean countries because they disrupt tourism, which is a major source of income for these nations. Tourism plays a crucial role in the economic development of many Caribbean countries, providing employment opportunities and generating revenue. When hurricanes strike, they often cause severe damage to infrastructure, including hotels, resorts, and tourist attractions, making it difficult for tourists to visit the region. This leads to a decline in tourism revenue, affecting the overall economy and livelihoods of the local population.
17.
Panama was an excellent choice of location to build a canal to connect the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans because of its _________
Correct Answer
D. GeograpHy
Explanation
Panama's geography made it an excellent choice for building a canal to connect the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The country is located at the narrowest point of the American continent, with the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans being only 50 miles apart. The presence of the Panama Isthmus allowed for the construction of a canal that would significantly reduce travel time and costs for ships, avoiding the need to sail around South America. The natural topography of the region, including the presence of the Panama Canal Zone, also provided suitable conditions for the construction and operation of a canal.
18.
Two major goals of Mercosur are to make member economies more stable and to
Correct Answer
B. Decrease economic dependency on unstable global economies
Explanation
Mercosur aims to decrease economic dependency on unstable global economies. This means that the organization wants member economies to rely less on the global market and be more self-sufficient. By reducing their dependence on unstable global economies, member countries can achieve greater stability and resilience in their own economies. This goal aligns with the objective of making member economies more stable, as mentioned in the question.
19.
The Andes Mountains of Peru were the cultural hearth for the ______
Correct Answer
C. Inca
Explanation
The Andes Mountains of Peru were the cultural hearth for the Inca civilization. The Inca Empire was centered in the Andean region of South America, specifically in present-day Peru. The Andes Mountains provided a unique environment for the Inca people to develop their civilization, including their advanced agricultural techniques, architecture, and social organization. The Inca Empire reached its peak in the 15th and early 16th centuries, before being conquered by the Spanish.
20.
Unlike any other countries in Latin America, Brazil was colonized by the _________
Correct Answer
D. Portuguese
Explanation
Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese, unlike any other countries in Latin America. The Portuguese arrived in Brazil in 1500 and established a colony, which eventually became the largest and most populous country in South America. The Portuguese influence is still evident in Brazil's language, culture, and traditions.
21.
Which term names a process of breaking up large landholdings and giving land to the people?
Correct Answer
C. Land reform
Explanation
Land reform is the correct answer because it refers to the process of breaking up large landholdings and redistributing the land to the people. This is often done to address issues of inequality and promote social and economic development. Land reform can take various forms, such as land redistribution, land tenure reform, or land redistribution through voluntary or compulsory means. It aims to provide land access and ownership to those who previously had limited or no access to land, thereby promoting agricultural productivity, reducing poverty, and fostering social justice.
22.
Which term means the cutting down and clearing away of trees and forests?
Correct Answer
B. Deforestation
Explanation
Deforestation refers to the process of cutting down and clearing away trees and forests. This term specifically describes the act of removing trees from an area, often for the purpose of land development, agriculture, or logging. Deforestation has significant environmental impacts, including habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and contribution to climate change.
23.
Which term is the name for an agreement in which one partner agrees to pay off a part of a government debt, and the other partner agrees to protect a part of the rain forest?
Correct Answer
B. Debt-for-nature swap
Explanation
A debt-for-nature swap is an agreement where one partner agrees to pay off a portion of a government debt, and in return, the other partner agrees to protect a portion of the rainforest. This type of agreement helps to address both environmental and economic concerns by providing financial relief to the government while also promoting conservation efforts.
24.
Which term names a military dictator or political boss?
Correct Answer
B. Caudillo
Explanation
A caudillo is a term that refers to a military dictator or political boss. This individual often holds absolute power and exercises authority through force and intimidation. They typically rise to power during times of political instability or conflict and maintain control through a combination of military force and charisma. Caudillos are commonly found in Latin American countries, where they have historically played a significant role in shaping the political landscape. They often suppress opposition and rule with little regard for democratic principles or human rights.
25.
Which term describes a harsh government run by military officials?
Correct Answer
A. Junta
Explanation
A junta is a term that describes a harsh government run by military officials. In this type of government, the military leaders have complete control and authority over the country, often ruling with an iron fist and suppressing any opposition or dissent. They typically come to power through a coup or overthrow of the existing government and maintain their control through force and intimidation. This type of government is characterized by a lack of democracy and individual freedoms, with power centralized in the hands of the military junta.
26.
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of global warming?
Correct Answer
C. Decrease in temperatures
Explanation
The correct answer is "decrease in temperatures." Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. It leads to various consequences such as an increase in temperatures, climate changes, and the buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. However, a decrease in temperatures is not an aspect of global warming as it contradicts the overall warming trend associated with this phenomenon.
27.
Which of the following have contributed to the deforestation of the Amazon rain forest?
Correct Answer
E. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above". This means that all of the options listed, including the demand for hardwoods, clearing of land for farming, and clearing of forest for cattle to graze, have contributed to the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest.
28.
What is the most important reason that many Latin American citizens are unable to take advantage of the free-market economy?
Correct Answer
B. They lack education and cannot get meaningful jobs
Explanation
Many Latin American citizens are unable to take advantage of the free-market economy because they lack education and cannot get meaningful jobs. Education plays a crucial role in enabling individuals to acquire the necessary skills and knowledge to participate in a market-driven economy. Without proper education, individuals may struggle to find employment opportunities that offer fair wages and job security. This lack of meaningful employment hinders their ability to fully benefit from the opportunities provided by a free-market economy.
29.
Which of the following is the goal for land reform?
Correct Answer
C. To divide land and wealth more fairly
Explanation
The goal for land reform is to divide land and wealth more fairly. This means redistributing land and wealth in a way that ensures a more equitable distribution among the population. Land reform aims to address issues of land concentration, landlessness, and unequal access to resources, with the objective of promoting social justice and reducing socioeconomic disparities.
30.
Which of the following describes Juan Peron of Argentina and other 20th century Latin American dictators?
Correct Answer
B. Caudillo
Explanation
Juan Peron of Argentina and other 20th century Latin American dictators can be described as caudillos. A caudillo is a military or political leader who gains and maintains power through authoritarian means. They often have a strong personality cult and exercise control over the government and the military. Juan Peron, along with other dictators in Latin America, ruled with a strong hand and centralized power in their own hands, suppressing opposition and implementing policies that suited their own interests.
31.
Next 3 Questions: Land Use in Brazil
If you wanted to inspect sugar cane, to what land area would you go?
Correct Answer
D. Cultivated land
Explanation
Sugar cane is a crop that is commonly cultivated for its use in the production of sugar and biofuels. Therefore, if someone wanted to inspect sugar cane, they would go to cultivated land where it is grown. This land would be specifically dedicated to growing crops, including sugar cane, rather than being used for other purposes such as forests, industrial areas, or grazing land.
32.
In what area is the highest concentration of cattle?
Correct Answer
A. South central
Explanation
The highest concentration of cattle is in the south central area.
33.
If you lived along the Amazon River, which of the following would you least likely do for a living?
Correct Answer
C. Grow cotton
Explanation
Living along the Amazon River would provide a tropical climate and abundant rainfall, making it suitable for growing crops such as tobacco, cotton, and cacao. However, raising cattle would be less likely as the Amazon rainforest is not an ideal environment for grazing animals. The dense vegetation and lack of open grasslands would make it challenging to sustain a cattle ranching operation. Therefore, growing cotton is the least likely occupation among the given options.
34.
Next 3 Questions: Land Use in Mexico
What is the most common type of land use that borders Guatemala?
Correct Answer
C. Forest land
Explanation
The most common type of land use that borders Guatemala is forest land. This means that the area along the border between Mexico and Guatemala is mainly covered by forests. This could be due to factors such as climate, topography, and the natural vegetation of the region. Forest land is important for providing habitat for wildlife, preserving biodiversity, and acting as a carbon sink. It may also have cultural and economic significance, as forests can be a source of timber, non-timber forest products, and ecotourism opportunities.
35.
Which area of Mexico do you think is the least damaged from mining?
Correct Answer
A. Southeast
Explanation
The southeast area of Mexico is likely the least damaged from mining because it is not as heavily concentrated with mining activities compared to other regions. This region may have less mineral resources or mining operations, resulting in less environmental damage and disruption to local communities.
36.
If you lived near Guadalajara, which of the following would you LEAST likely do for a living?
Correct Answer
C. Mine silver
Explanation
Living near Guadalajara, one would least likely mine silver for a living. This is because Guadalajara is not known for its silver mining industry. While it is possible to mine zinc, lead, and copper in the region, silver mining is not as prevalent. Therefore, it is unlikely that someone living near Guadalajara would choose to mine silver as their occupation.
37.
Next 3 Questions: Central and Southern Mexico, Estimated Population Trends During Colonial Period
Which of the following was the ONLY population group present in Mexico in 1519?
Correct Answer
D. Native people
Explanation
In 1519, the only population group present in Mexico was the native people. This refers to the indigenous population that had been living in Mexico for centuries before the arrival of Europeans. The native people had their own distinct cultures, languages, and civilizations, such as the Aztecs and Mayans. The arrival of Europeans, such as the Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés, brought significant changes to Mexico's population and history. However, in 1519, the native people were the dominant population group in the region.
38.
Which of the following time spans indicates the time when a mestizo population began to develop in this region?
Correct Answer
C. 1565 - 1570
Explanation
The correct answer is 1565 - 1570. This time span indicates the period when a mestizo population began to develop in the region. The term "mestizo" refers to people of mixed European and indigenous American descent, and the development of a mestizo population typically occurred after the arrival of European colonizers and the intermixing of European settlers with the indigenous population. Therefore, the time span of 1565 - 1570 suggests that this is when the process of intermixing and the emergence of a mestizo population started in the region.
39.
Next 3 Questions: EU Energy Consumption, 1998
Which of these countries is the third highest energy consumer?
Correct Answer
D. United Kingdom
Explanation
The correct answer is the United Kingdom. This can be determined by comparing the energy consumption of the four countries listed. Since the question asks for the third highest energy consumer, we can eliminate Finland and Luxembourg as options. Between Germany and the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom is the correct answer because it is stated that it is the third highest energy consumer.
40.
Which of these countries consumes the least energy?
Correct Answer
B. Luxembourg
Explanation
Luxembourg consumes the least energy among the given countries. This can be attributed to several factors such as its small population, efficient energy policies, and a strong focus on renewable energy sources. Additionally, Luxembourg has a highly developed public transportation system, which reduces the need for individual energy consumption.
41.
What overall conclusion can you draw from this graph?
Correct Answer
A. Three countries account for half of the EU's energy consumption
Explanation
The graph indicates that there are three countries within the EU that consume approximately half of the total energy consumption. This suggests that these three countries play a significant role in the overall energy consumption of the EU. The other options, such as the EU being able to meet its own energy needs or several EU countries producing more energy than they consume, are not supported by the information provided in the graph.
42.
Next 5 Questions: EU Leaders Discuss the Euro
What is the raft made of?
Correct Answer
B. The euro
Explanation
The correct answer is "the euro" because the question is asking about the material that the raft is made of. Among the options provided, only the euro is a material that can be used to construct a raft. A map of Europe, a billboard, and lumber are not suitable materials for making a raft.
43.
Which of these phrases best describes the raft?
Correct Answer
C. Struggling in rough seas
Explanation
The phrase "struggling in rough seas" best describes the raft because it implies that the raft is facing challenges and difficulties due to the rough and turbulent waters. This suggests that the raft is not able to navigate easily and is experiencing a tough time in its journey.
44.
What do the people on the raft represent?
Correct Answer
C. Countries
Explanation
The people on the raft represent countries. Countries are often symbolized by the people who inhabit them, and the raft is likely a metaphor for the world or global society. The representation of countries on the raft suggests that they are interconnected and rely on each other for survival, just as the people on the raft depend on each other to navigate and stay afloat.
45.
Why are the people on the raft pointing in different directions?
Correct Answer
A. They cannot agree on a course
Explanation
The people on the raft are pointing in different directions because they cannot agree on a course. This suggests that there is a disagreement or lack of consensus among them regarding which direction to go. It implies that they are unsure about the best route to take, which may lead to further complications and challenges in their journey.
46.
Which of the following phrases best describes the cartoonist's attitude towards the European Union?
Correct Answer
D. Doubtful of success
Explanation
The cartoonist's attitude towards the European Union can be inferred as doubtful of success. This can be deduced from the fact that the phrase "doubtful of success" suggests a lack of confidence or skepticism towards the European Union's ability to achieve its goals or be successful.
47.
Next 3 Questions: Climographs: Durban and Cape Town
Which of the following is the average temperature in Durban during the month of February?
Correct Answer
C. 76 F
Explanation
The average temperature in Durban during the month of February is 76 degrees Fahrenheit.
48.
During which of the following months would you expect the highest humidity in Cape Town?
Correct Answer
B. July
Explanation
In Cape Town, July is the middle of winter and is known for having the highest humidity levels. This is because during this month, the city experiences cooler temperatures and receives the most rainfall compared to other months. The combination of lower temperatures and increased precipitation leads to higher humidity levels in July.
49.
What general assumption can you make about the climate in Durban?
Correct Answer
B. As the average temperature rises, the amount of rainfall drops
Explanation
The correct answer suggests that there is a negative correlation between the average temperature and the amount of rainfall in Durban. This means that as the average temperature increases, the amount of rainfall decreases. This assumption implies that Durban experiences a drier climate when temperatures are higher.
50.
Next 2 Questions: Population Pyramids of Germany and Sweden, 2000
Which age group in Sweden has the greatest number of females?
Correct Answer
D. 50 to 54
Explanation
In the population pyramid of Sweden in 2000, the age group of 50 to 54 has the greatest number of females. This can be determined by looking at the bar representing females in each age group and identifying the age group with the highest bar. In this case, the bar for the age group 50 to 54 is the tallest, indicating that it has the greatest number of females.