Physics Chapter 10 Energy, Work, And Simple Machines

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Questions: 10 | Attempts: 3,125 | Updated: Aug 28, 2023

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Physics Chapter 10 Energy, Work, And Simple Machines - Quiz

This quiz covers Chapter 10 in physics involving problems over work, power, and energy.

Questions and Answers

1.

A pulley system consits of two fixed pulleys and two movable pullys that lift a load that has a weight of 300 N. If the effort force used to lift the load is 100 N, What is the mechnaical advantage of the system?
- A.
  
  1/3
- B.
  
  3/4
- C.
  
  3
- D.
  
  6
Correct Answer
C. 3

Explanation
The mechanical advantage of a pulley system is calculated by dividing the load force by the effort force. In this case, the load force is 300 N and the effort force is 100 N. Therefore, the mechanical advantage is 300/100 = 3.

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2.

The box in the diagram is being pushed up the ramp with a force of 100 N. If te height of the ramp is 3.0 m, what is the work done on the box?
- A.
  
  150 J
- B.
  
  260 J
- C.
  
  450 J
- D.
  
  600 J
Correct Answer
D. 600 J

Explanation
The work done on an object is calculated by multiplying the force applied to the object by the distance over which the force is applied. In this case, the force applied is 100 N and the distance is the height of the ramp, which is 3.0 m. Therefore, the work done on the box is 100 N * 3.0 m = 300 J. However, since the force is being applied in the opposite direction of the displacement (up the ramp), the work done is negative. Therefore, the correct answer is -300 J.

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3.

A compound machine used to raise heavy boxes consists of a ramp and a pulley. The efficiency of pulling a 100 kg box up the ramp is 50%. If the efficiency of the pulley is 90%, what is the overall efficiency of the compound machine?
- A.
  
  40%
- B.
  
  45%
- C.
  
  50%
- D.
  
  70%
Correct Answer
B. 45%

Explanation
The overall efficiency of the compound machine can be calculated by multiplying the efficiencies of the ramp and the pulley. The efficiency of the ramp is 50% and the efficiency of the pulley is 90%. Multiplying these two efficiencies together gives us an overall efficiency of 45%.

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4.

A skater is a mass of 50 kg slides across an icy pond with negligible friction. As he approaches a frienD, both he and his friend hold out their hands, and the friend exerts a force in the direction opposite to the skater's movement, which slows the skater's speed from 2.0 m/s² to 1.0 m/s². What is the change in the skater's kinetic energy?
- A.
  
  25J
- B.
  
  75J
- C.
  
  100J
- D.
  
  150J
Correct Answer
B. 75J

Explanation
When the friend exerts a force opposite to the skater's movement, it acts as a negative force or an opposing force. This force causes the skater to decelerate, reducing his speed from 2.0 m/s to 1.0 m/s. The change in kinetic energy can be calculated using the formula ΔKE = 0.5 * m * (vf^2 - vi^2), where m is the mass and vf and vi are the final and initial velocities, respectively. Plugging in the values, we get ΔKE = 0.5 * 50 kg * ((1.0 m/s)^2 - (2.0 m/s)^2) = 0.5 * 50 kg * (-3 m^2/s^2) = -75 J. Since the change in kinetic energy is negative, we take the absolute value to get 75 J.

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5.

A A 20 N block is attached to the end of a rope and the rope is looped around a pulley system. If you pull the opposite end of the rope a distance of 2.0 m, the pulley system raises the block a distance of 0.40 m. What is the pulley system's ideal mechanical advantage?
- A.
  
  2.5
- B.
  
  4.0
- C.
  
  5.0
- D.
  
  10.0
Correct Answer
C. 5.0

Explanation
The pulley system's ideal mechanical advantage can be calculated by dividing the distance the rope is pulled (2.0 m) by the distance the block is raised (0.40 m). This calculation gives a result of 5.0, which represents the pulley system's ideal mechanical advantage.

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6.

Two people carry identical 40 N boxes up a ramp. The ramp is 2.0 m long and rests on a platfrom that is 1.0 m high. One person walks up the ramp is 2.0s, and the other person walks up the ramp in 4.0s. What is the difference in power the two people use to carry the boxes up the ramp?
- A.
  
  5W
- B.
  
  10W
- C.
  
  20W
- D.
  
  40W
Correct Answer
B. 10W

Explanation
The power used to carry an object up a ramp is given by the equation P = W/t, where P is power, W is work, and t is time. Since both people are carrying identical boxes up the ramp, the work done by each person is the same. However, the time taken by one person is half of the time taken by the other person. Therefore, the person who takes 2.0s to walk up the ramp will have a power of 20W (40N/2.0s = 20W), while the person who takes 4.0s will have a power of 10W (40N/4.0s = 10W). The difference in power between the two people is 20W - 10W = 10W.

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7.

A 4N soccer ball sits motionless on a field. A player's foot exerts a force of 5N on the ball for a distance of 0.1 m, and the ball rolls a distance of 10m. How much kinetic energy does the ball gain from the player?
- A.
  
  0.5J
- B.
  
  0.9J
- C.
  
  9J
- D.
  
  50J
Correct Answer
A. 0.5J

Explanation
The work done on an object can be calculated by multiplying the force applied to the object by the distance it moves in the direction of the force. In this case, the force applied by the player's foot is 5N and the distance the ball rolls is 10m. Therefore, the work done on the ball is 5N * 10m = 50J.

The kinetic energy gained by the ball is equal to the work done on it. Therefore, the ball gains 50J of kinetic energy.

Since the question asks for the amount of kinetic energy gained from the player, the correct answer is 0.5J.

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8.

The diagram shows a box being pulled by a rope with a force of 200N along a horizontal suface. The angle the rope makes with the horizontal is 45o. Calculate the work doen on the box and the power required to pull it a distance of 5.0 m in 10s.
- A.
  
  50 W
- B.
  
  30W
- C.
  
  21 W
- D.
  
  71W
Correct Answer
D. 71W
9.

because there is very little friction, the lever is an extremely efficient simple machine. Using a 90.0-percent-efficient lever, what input work is required to lift an 18.0-kg mass through a distance of 0.50 m?
- A.
  
  60 J
- B.
  
  98 J
- C.
  
  125 J
- D.
  
  130 J
Correct Answer
B. 98 J

Explanation
use e = Wo/Wi x 100

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10.

The ramp in Figure 10-23 is 18 m long and 4.5 m high Figure 10-23 What force, parallel to the ramp (FA), is required to slide a 25-kg box at constant speed to the top of the ramp if friction is disregarded?
- A.
  
  50 N
- B.
  
  25 N
- C.
  
  73 N
- D.
  
  61 N
Correct Answer
D. 61 N

Explanation
use W = Fd remember that the Force is that of gravity

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Current Version
Aug 28, 2023

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Apr 09, 2010

Quiz Created by
Yssacrekab

Physics Chapter 10 Energy, Work, And Simple Machines

A pulley system consits of two fixed pulleys and two movable pullys that lift a load that has a weight of 300 N. If the effort force used to lift the load is 100 N, What is the mechnaical advantage of the system?

The box in the diagram is being pushed up the ramp with a force of 100 N. If te height of the ramp is 3.0 m, what is the work done on the box?

A compound machine used to raise heavy boxes consists of a ramp and a pulley. The efficiency of pulling a 100 kg box up the ramp is 50%. If the efficiency of the pulley is 90%, what is the overall efficiency of the compound machine?

A A 20 N block is attached to the end of a rope and the rope is looped around a pulley system. If you pull the opposite end of the rope a distance of 2.0 m, the pulley system raises the block a distance of 0.40 m. What is the pulley system's ideal mechanical advantage?

Two people carry identical 40 N boxes up a ramp. The ramp is 2.0 m long and rests on a platfrom that is 1.0 m high. One person walks up the ramp is 2.0s, and the other person walks up the ramp in 4.0s. What is the difference in power the two people use to carry the boxes up the ramp?

A 4N soccer ball sits motionless on a field. A player's foot exerts a force of 5N on the ball for a distance of 0.1 m, and the ball rolls a distance of 10m. How much kinetic energy does the ball gain from the player?

The diagram shows a box being pulled by a rope with a force of 200N along a horizontal suface. The angle the rope makes with the horizontal is 45o. Calculate the work doen on the box and the power required to pull it a distance of 5.0 m in 10s.

because there is very little friction, the lever is an extremely efficient simple machine. Using a 90.0-percent-efficient lever, what input work is required to lift an 18.0-kg mass through a distance of 0.50 m?

The ramp in Figure 10-23 is 18 m long and 4.5 m high Figure 10-23 What force, parallel to the ramp (FA), is required to slide a 25-kg box at constant speed to the top of the ramp if friction is disregarded?