Environmental Science: Resources, Climate Change & Biodiversity

Lesson Overview

• What Is Environmental Science?
• What Are Ecosystems and Why Are They Important?
• What Are Natural Resources?
• What Is Pollution and How Does It Affect Us?
• What Is Climate Change?
• What Is Biodiversity and Why Is It Important?
• How Can We Help Our Environment?

In this Environmental Science lesson, you will examine critical topics related to natural resources, climate change, and biodiversity. The lesson introduces various types of environmental resources, highlighting their significance and the need for sustainable management. You will learn about climate change, including its causes, impacts, and the scientific evidence supporting global warming. 

What Is Environmental Science?

Environmental Science is the study of how living things, including humans, interact with their surroundings. It helps us understand how our actions affect the environment and what we can do to protect our planet. This science includes studying ecosystems, natural resources, pollution, biodiversity, and climate change.

What Are Ecosystems and Why Are They Important?

An ecosystem includes all living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interacting with their non-living environment (air, water, soil). Ecosystems are important because they provide food, clean air, freshwater, and habitats for wildlife.

Types of Ecosystems

• Terrestrial (Land-based): Forests, deserts, grasslands.
• Aquatic (Water-based): Oceans, lakes, rivers, ponds, wetlands.

Importance of Ecosystems

• Support Life: Provide essential resources like food and water.
• Maintain Balance: Each organism has a role that helps keep the ecosystem healthy.
• Climate Control: Forests and oceans absorb carbon dioxide and help regulate the climate.

What Are Natural Resources?

Natural resources are materials we get from Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs. They are classified into two main groups:

Renewable Resources

These are resources that naturally replenish over time.

• Examples: Sunlight, wind, water, and trees.
• Benefits: Less pollution, and sustainable long-term use.

Non-Renewable Resources

These resources exist in limited amounts and cannot be quickly replaced.

• Examples: Coal, oil, and natural gas.
• Challenges: Once used up, they're gone forever. Burning them often causes pollution.

Conserving Resources

To ensure future generations can also benefit from natural resources, we must:

• Recycle and reuse products.
• Reduce waste and consumption.
• Choose sustainable and renewable energy sources.

What Is Pollution and How Does It Affect Us?

Pollution happens when harmful substances are introduced into our environment, causing damage to the health of living organisms and ecosystems.

Types of Pollution

• Air Pollution: Smoke and gases from vehicles and factories.
• Water Pollution: Chemicals, waste, and plastics contaminating water bodies.
• Soil Pollution: Harmful chemicals and waste affecting soil health.

Effects of Pollution

• Health Issues: Respiratory problems, allergies, waterborne illnesses.
• Environmental Damage: Loss of biodiversity, contaminated food sources, habitat destruction.

Reducing Pollution

• Reduce, reuse, recycle.
• Use eco-friendly products.
• Support laws that limit pollution.

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EVS Quiz: How Much Do you Know About Environmental Science

What Is Climate Change?

Climate change is the long-term change in Earth's weather patterns and temperatures, mainly due to human activities like burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests.

Causes of Climate Change

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Burning fossil fuels releases gases like carbon dioxide, trapping heat in our atmosphere.
• Deforestation: Fewer trees mean less absorption of carbon dioxide.

Effects of Climate Change

• Extreme Weather: More storms, droughts, and heatwaves.
• Rising Sea Levels: Melting polar ice caps threaten coastal areas.
• Loss of Wildlife: Changing climates can lead to the extinction of species.

Addressing Climate Change

• Use renewable energy like solar and wind.
• Plant trees and protect forests.
• Educate others about climate-friendly practices.

What Is Biodiversity and Why Is It Important?

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life found on Earth, including different plants, animals, and microorganisms, and the ecosystems they inhabit.

Importance of Biodiversity

• Ecosystem Stability: Diverse ecosystems are healthier and more resilient.
• Human Health: Many medicines come from natural sources.
• Economic Benefits: Supports agriculture, tourism, and fisheries.

Threats to Biodiversity

• Habitat Destruction: Urban growth and agriculture expansion.
• Pollution: Harmful substances affecting wildlife.
• Overexploitation: Excessive fishing, hunting, and harvesting.

Protecting Biodiversity

• Create and support wildlife reserves.
• Practice sustainable agriculture and fishing.
• Educate communities on biodiversity conservation.

How Can We Help Our Environment?

Everyone can contribute to protecting our environment through simple everyday actions:

• Reduce Waste: Buy fewer disposable products.
• Save Energy: Turn off lights and electronics when not in use.
• Save Water: Use water wisely and fix leaks.
• Educate Others: Share what you've learned about environmental protection.

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Important Trivia Questions On Enviornment! Science Quiz