Multiplication Lesson - Learning How to Add Groups Fast

Lesson Overview

• What Is Multiplication Formula?
• How to Multiply: A Fun Way to Solve Multiplication Problems
• How Do We Do Multiplication Without Regrouping?

Multiplication is a super fun way to count groups of the same thing! Instead of adding the same number over and over, we can use multiplication to make it faster and easier. Ready to see how it works?

Multiplication is a mathematical operation that combines groups of equal sizes to find the total. It's a quick way to add the same number multiple times.

Here's an even simpler definition of multiplication:

Multiplication is repeated addition of the same number.

In multiplication, the answer we get is called the product. When we multiply two numbers, like 3 × 4, the product is 12. The numbers we are multiplying (3 and 4) are called factors. 

We use ‘x' to show multiplication. It shows that we are adding the same number many times.

We could add a quick example to understand this:

Example:
There are 3 boxes. Each box has 4 toys inside. How many toys are there in total?

Let's solve this.

We have 3 boxes with 4 toys inside each box. 

Now, count all the items in the groups:

Now, let's add them up. 

4 + 4 + 4 = 12

Now, we see that instead of adding 4 three times, we can multiply 3 × 4. Multiplication is just a quick way of adding the same number multiple times.

So, instead of counting each item one by one, we use multiplication to say:

I have 3 groups of 4 toys, and multiplication tells me that 3 × 4 = 12

• 3 and 4 are the factors

• 12 is the product

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A multiplication table will help us remember all the answers to multiplication problems quickly. This table is like a magic chart that helps us find answers quickly. Instead of counting every time, we can look at the table.

Now, let's quickly do some more examples.

Example 1: Multiplication of 3 and 3

1. Set up the problem: 3×3 

2. Think of it as repeated addition: 3+3+3 

3. Calculate the result: 3+3+3=9

4. Conclusion: The product of 3×3 is 9.

Example 2: Multiplication of 7 and 9

1. Set up the problem: 7 × 9 

2. Think of it as repeated addition: 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 

3. Calculate the result:

• 7+7=14
• 14+7=21 
• 21+7=28 
• 28+7=35 
• 35+7=42
• 42+7=49 
• 49+7=56 
• 56+7=63

4. Conclusion: The product of 7 × 9 7×9 is 63.

Example 3: Multiplication of 5 and 6

1. Set up the problem: 5×6

2. Think of it as repeated addition: 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 

3. Calculate the result:

• 5+5=10 
• 10+5=15 
• 15+5=20 
• 20+5=25 
• 25+5=30

4. Conclusion: The product of 5×65 \times 65×6 is 30.

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What Is Multiplication Formula?

In multiplication, we use the formula:

Multiplicand × Multiplier = Product

• Multiplicand: The first number (the number we are multiplying).
  
• Multiplier: The second number (the number we multiply by).
  
• Product: The answer or result after multiplying.
  

The multiplication symbol is '×', and it connects the two numbers to show we're multiplying them.

Let's look at an example:

7 × 5 = 35

• 7 is the multiplicand.
• 5 is the multiplier.

35 is the product (the answer).

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How to Multiply: A Fun Way to Solve Multiplication Problems

When we solve multiplication problems, we can make it easy by using the multiplication tables for small numbers. But for bigger numbers, we can break them apart into smaller parts, like ones, tens, and hundreds, to make it easier!

There are two types of multiplication problems:

1. Multiplying without regrouping (where we don't have to carry any numbers).

2. Multiplying with regrouping (where we need to carry numbers over).

How Do We Multiply Without Regrouping?

When we multiply without regrouping, we don't need to carry any numbers. It's like multiplying smaller numbers, step by step. Let's look at an example!

Example: Multiply 1234 by 3

1. Look at the Ones place (O). Multiply 3 × 4 = 12. Write down 2, and carry over the 1.

1. Now, look at the Tens place (T). Multiply 3 × 3 = 9, then add the 1 we carried over. 9 + 1 = 10. Write down 0, and carry over the 1.

1. Next, look at the Hundreds place (H). Multiply 3 × 2 = 6, then add the 1 we carried over. 6 + 1 = 7.

1. Finally, look at the Thousands place (Th). Multiply 3 × 1 = 3.

So, 1234 × 3 = 3702

See? We just multiplied each number and got our answer, 3702!

How Do We Do Multiplication Without Regrouping?

When we multiply big numbers and get a two-digit answer, we need to "carry" some numbers over to the next place. Let's see how it works with an example!

Example: Multiply 1234 by 6

• Ones place (O): Multiply 6 × 4 = 24. Write down the 4 and carry the 2 to the tens place.

• Tens place (T): Multiply 6 × 3 = 18. Add the 2 we carried over. 18 + 2 = 20. Write down the 0 and carry the 2 to the hundreds place.

• Hundreds place (H): Multiply 6 × 2 = 12. Add the 2 we carried over. 12 + 2 = 14. Write down the 4 and carry the 1 to the thousands place.

• Thousands place (Th): Multiply 6 × 1 = 6. Add the 1 we carried over. 6 + 1 = 7.

So, 1234 × 6 = 7404!

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