Latih Tubi 1 By Suzy

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| By Suzy

Suzy

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Quizzes Created: 1 | Total Attempts: 2,796

Questions: 75 | Attempts: 2,799 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

Manakah antara organel berikut penting dalam menghasilkan tenaga kepada sel?
- A.
  
  Nucleus.
- B.
  
  Lysosome.
- C.
  
  Ribosome.
- D.
  
  Mitochondria
Correct Answer
D. Mitochondria

Explanation
Mitochondria is the correct answer because it is an organelle that plays a crucial role in producing energy for the cell. It is often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it is responsible for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the main source of energy for cellular activities. Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration, a process that converts nutrients into ATP through a series of chemical reactions. Without mitochondria, cells would not have enough energy to perform their functions effectively.

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2.

Faktor-faktor yang boleh membawa perubahan kepada homeostasis adalah seperti berikut kecuali
- A.
  
  Suhu badan.
- B.
  
  Paras glukos dalam darah.
- C.
  
  PH darah dan cecair badan.
- D.
  
  Kadar nitrogen dalam darah.
Correct Answer
D. Kadar nitrogen dalam darah.

Explanation
Faktor-faktor yang boleh membawa perubahan kepada homeostasis adalah suhu badan, paras glukos dalam darah, dan pH darah dan cecair badan. Namun, kadar nitrogen dalam darah tidak mempengaruhi homeostasis. Homeostasis adalah keadaan keseimbangan dalam tubuh yang dijaga oleh sistem pengaturan yang kompleks. Suhu badan, paras glukos dalam darah, dan pH darah dan cecair badan adalah faktor-faktor yang perlu dikekalkan dalam julat yang normal untuk memastikan fungsi tubuh yang betul. Kadar nitrogen dalam darah tidak memainkan peranan dalam pengaturan homeostasis.

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3.

Tulang yang menghasilkan red blood cell, white blood cell dan platelet adalah terdiri dari tulang
- A.
  
  Flat.
- B.
  
  Pendek.
- C.
  
  Panjang.
- D.
  
  Irregular.
Correct Answer
C. Panjang.

Explanation
The explanation for the correct answer, "panjang," is that long bones, such as the femur and humerus, are responsible for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These bones contain bone marrow, which is the site of hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell production. Flat bones, like the skull and sternum, also contain bone marrow but primarily produce red blood cells. Short bones, such as the carpals and tarsals, and irregular bones, like the vertebrae and hip bones, do not have as much bone marrow and are not major sites of blood cell production.

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4.

Salur darah yang membawa darah kurang kadar oksigen adalah
- A.
  
  Ascending aorta.
- B.
  
  Pulmonary veins.
- C.
  
  Descending aorta.
- D.
  
  Pulmonary arteries.
Correct Answer
D. Pulmonary arteries.

Explanation
The correct answer is pulmonary arteries. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. This oxygenated blood is then returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins. The ascending aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body, while the descending aorta carries deoxygenated blood to the lower part of the body. Therefore, the pulmonary arteries are the blood vessels that carry blood with low oxygen levels.

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5.

Bukaan kepada tiub eustachia terdapat di
- A.
  
  Larynx.
- B.
  
  Fauces.
- C.
  
  Oropharynx.
- D.
  
  Nasopharynx
Correct Answer
D. NasopHarynx

Explanation
The correct answer is nasopharynx. The opening to the eustachian tube is located in the nasopharynx. The eustachian tube is a small canal that connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. It helps to equalize pressure in the middle ear and allows fluid to drain from the ear. The nasopharynx is the upper part of the throat that lies behind the nose and above the soft palate. It is the passage through which air passes from the nose to the throat during breathing.

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6.

Isipadu tidal volume yang normal bagi seorang dewasa ialah
- A.
  
  300 mls.
- B.
  
  400 mls
- C.
  
  500 mls.
- D.
  
  600 mls.
Correct Answer
C. 500 mls.

Explanation
The normal tidal volume for an adult is the amount of air that is typically inhaled and exhaled during a normal breath. The average tidal volume for an adult is around 500 milliliters. This means that during a normal breath, an adult typically inhales and exhales around 500 milliliters of air.

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7.

Berikut adalah kenyataan berkenaan dengan larynx.
- A.
  
  Epiglotis tertutup apabila bercakap.
- B.
  
  Larynx terletak di bawah oropharynx.
- C.
  
  Larynx terdiri daripada smooth muscle.
- D.
  
  Cartilage yang paling besar didalam larynx ialah arytenoids.
Correct Answer
B. Larynx terletak di bawah oropHarynx.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Larynx terletak di bawah oropharynx." This statement is true because the larynx, also known as the voice box, is located below the oropharynx. The oropharynx is the part of the throat that is behind the mouth and is responsible for the passage of both air and food. The larynx serves as the connection between the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract, and it plays a crucial role in speech production and protecting the airway during swallowing.

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8.

Lapisan luar meninges yang meliputi periosteum dan berfungsi melindungi otak adalah
- A.
  
  Skin.
- B.
  
  Pia meter.
- C.
  
  Dura meter.
- D.
  
  Arachnoid meter
Correct Answer
A. Skin.

Explanation
The correct answer is skin. The question is asking for the outer layer of the meninges that protects the brain. The options given are pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater, and skin. Pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid mater are all layers of the meninges, but the outermost layer that covers the meninges is the skin.

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9.

Saraf kranial yang membawa utusan pendengaran adalah saraf
- A.
  
  Optic.
- B.
  
  Trochlear.
- C.
  
  Olfactory.
- D.
  
  Auditory.
Correct Answer
D. Auditory.

Explanation
The correct answer is auditory because the question is asking about the cranial nerve that carries auditory information. The optic nerve is responsible for vision, the trochlear nerve controls eye movement, and the olfactory nerve is responsible for the sense of smell. Therefore, the auditory nerve is the most appropriate answer as it is specifically related to hearing.

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10.

Hormon yang dirembeskan sebagai tindak balas kepada tahap kalsium dalam darah yang rendah adalah
- A.
  
  Oxytocin. .
- B.
  
  Thyroxine.
- C.
  
  Growth hormone
- D.
  
  Parathyroid hormone.
Correct Answer
D. Parathyroid hormone.

Explanation
Parathyroid hormone is released in response to low levels of calcium in the blood. It helps to regulate calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones, increasing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium loss in the kidneys. Oxytocin is a hormone involved in childbirth and breastfeeding. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism. Growth hormone stimulates growth and cell reproduction. Therefore, the correct answer is parathyroid hormone.

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11.

Golongan wanita adalah lebih mudah terdedah kepada urinary tract infections kerana mereka mempunyai
- A.
  
  Sistem imun yang lemah.
- B.
  
  Lebih nefron berbanding lelaki.
- C.
  
  Ureter lebih pendek berbanding lelaki.
- D.
  
  Urethra yang lebih pendek berbanding lelaki.
Correct Answer
D. Urethra yang lebih pendek berbanding lelaki.

Explanation
Wanita lebih mudah terdedah kepada urinary tract infections kerana mereka memiliki urethra yang lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan lelaki. Urethra adalah saluran yang menghubungkan kandung kemih dengan luar tubuh, dan urethra yang lebih pendek pada wanita memungkinkan bakteri lebih mudah masuk ke dalam kandung kemih dan menyebabkan infeksi saluran kemih.

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12.

Sel interstitial dalam testes menghasilkan .
- A.
  
  Semen
- B.
  
  Spermatozoa.
- C.
  
  Testoseronet.
- D.
  
  Aldosterone.
Correct Answer
C. Testoseronet.

Explanation
The correct answer is "testosterone." Testosterone is a hormone produced by the interstitial cells in the testes. It plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues, including the production of spermatozoa (sperm cells). Testosterone also influences secondary sexual characteristics in males, such as muscle mass, bone density, and facial hair growth. It is not related to the production of semen or aldosterone, which is a hormone involved in regulating salt and water balance in the body.

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13.

Pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan dengan epidermis kecuali
- A.
  
  Memberi warna pada kulit.
- B.
  
  Mengandungi keratinocyte.
- C.
  
  Membekal nutrient kepada demis.
- D.
  
  Terdiri dari stratum spinosum, stratum lucidum dan stratum corneum.
Correct Answer
C. Membekal nutrient kepada demis.

Explanation
The statement "membekal nutrient kepada demis" is not related to the epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and its main functions include protecting the body from external factors, regulating body temperature, and preventing water loss. It is primarily composed of keratinocytes, which produce the protein keratin that gives the skin its strength and waterproofing properties. The epidermis is also responsible for giving color to the skin through the presence of melanocytes. However, supplying nutrients to the dermis, which is the layer beneath the epidermis, is not a function of the epidermis.

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14.

Struktur di mata yang berbentuk cembung tanpa salur darah tapi kaya dengan saraf ialah
- A.
  
  Sclera.
- B.
  
  Cornea.
- C.
  
  Choroid.
- D.
  
  Ciliary body.
Correct Answer
A. Sclera.

Explanation
The correct answer is sclera. The sclera is the white, tough, fibrous outer layer of the eye that maintains the shape of the eye and protects the delicate inner structures. It is concave in shape and does not contain any blood vessels but is richly supplied with nerves. The sclera provides support and attachment for the muscles that move the eye and helps to maintain the pressure within the eye.

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15.

Istilah bagi bahan yang merencatkan pertumbuhan dan penggandaan bakteria ialah
- A.
  
  Bacteriocidal. .
- B.
  
  Bacteriokiller.
- C.
  
  Bacteriostatic
- D.
  
  Bacterioddormant.
Correct Answer
C. Bacteriostatic

Explanation
Bacteriostatic refers to a substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of bacteria without killing them. This means that it prevents the bacteria from multiplying and spreading, but does not completely eliminate them.

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16.

Tindakbalas badan ke atas molekul ubat dikenali sebagai .
- A.
  
  Pharmaceutic.
- B.
  
  Phamacokinetics
- C.
  
  Pharmacodynamics.
- D.
  
  Pharmacotherapeutics
Correct Answer
C. pHarmacodynamics.

Explanation
The correct answer is pharmacodynamics. Pharmacodynamics refers to the study of how a drug interacts with the body and produces its effects. It involves understanding the biochemical and physiological effects of a drug on the body, including its mechanism of action, potency, and efficacy. This is different from pharmacokinetics, which focuses on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug in the body. Pharmaceutic refers to the formulation and preparation of drugs, while pharmacotherapeutics refers to the use of drugs for therapeutic purposes.

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17.

Komplikasi yang perlu diawasi setelah pesakit menerima spinal anesthesia ialah
- A.
  
  Nausea
- B.
  
  Atelectasis.
- C.
  
  Hypotension.
- D.
  
  Respiratory failure.
Correct Answer
C. Hypotension.

Explanation
After receiving spinal anesthesia, one of the complications that needs to be monitored is hypotension. Spinal anesthesia can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, leading to hypotension. This occurs because the anesthesia affects the nerves that control blood vessel dilation and constriction, resulting in a decrease in blood flow and pressure. Monitoring and managing hypotension is important to prevent complications such as organ damage and inadequate oxygen supply to the body's tissues.

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18.

Pengetahuan perhubungan awam dapat membantu jururawat memberi perkhidmatan yang berkesan kerana jururawat dapat
- A.
  
  Memahami kendiri dengan lebih dalam
- B.
  
  Meningkatkan kemahiran komunikasi awam.
- C.
  
  Menerima reaksi pesakit terhadap penyakitnya
- D.
  
  Merapatkan hubungan di antara organisasi dan orang awam.
Correct Answer
D. Merapatkan hubungan di antara organisasi dan orang awam.

Explanation
Pengetahuan perhubungan awam dapat membantu jururawat merapatkan hubungan di antara organisasi dan orang awam. Dengan pengetahuan ini, jururawat dapat memahami cara terbaik untuk berkomunikasi dengan orang awam, membangun hubungan yang baik, dan meningkatkan kepercayaan antara organisasi kesehatan dan masyarakat. Hal ini juga dapat membantu dalam mempromosikan kesedaran tentang perkhidmatan kesihatan dan memfasilitasi kolaborasi yang lebih baik antara organisasi dan masyarakat.

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19.

Antara ciri- ciri yang perlu ada untuk mewujudkan verbal communication yang berkesan adalah yang berikut kecuali
- A.
  
  Intonation.
- B.
  
  Simplicity.
- C.
  
  Credibility.
- D.
  
  Incongruence.
Correct Answer
D. Incongruence.

Explanation
Incongruence is not a characteristic that is necessary for effective verbal communication. Intonation, simplicity, and credibility are all important aspects of effective verbal communication. Intonation refers to the tone and pitch of one's voice, which can convey meaning and emotions. Simplicity refers to using clear and concise language that is easy to understand. Credibility means being trustworthy and reliable in one's communication. Incongruence, on the other hand, refers to a lack of harmony or consistency between verbal and nonverbal communication, which can create confusion or mistrust.

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20.

Perhubungan di antara jururawat dan pesakit lebih efektif jika mengamal komunikasi jenis ini.
- A.
  
  Two way communication.
- B.
  
  One way communication.
- C.
  
  Non verbal communication.
- D.
  
  Open ended communication.
Correct Answer
A. Two way communication.

Explanation
Two-way communication is more effective in the relationship between nurses and patients. This type of communication allows for a back-and-forth exchange of information, ideas, and feelings between the nurse and the patient. It promotes active listening, understanding, and collaboration. Two-way communication ensures that both parties have the opportunity to express themselves, ask questions, and clarify any misunderstandings. This fosters a sense of trust, empathy, and mutual respect, leading to better patient outcomes and satisfaction.

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21.

Sumber ubatan sintetik digunakan secara meluas kerana
- A.
  
  Mempunyai kesan yang berpanjangan.
- B.
  
  Mempunyai kesan yang hamper sama dengan sumber semulajadi.
- C.
  
  Boleh bertindak dengan asid dan mampu larut di dalam cecair badan
- D.
  
  Meningkatkan keberkesanan dalam menentang organisma yang berbeza
Correct Answer
C. Boleh bertindak dengan asid dan mampu larut di dalam cecair badan

Explanation
Synthetic drugs are widely used because they can act with acids and dissolve in body fluids. This property allows them to be easily absorbed and distributed within the body, enhancing their effectiveness in combating different organisms.

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22.

Psikologi adalah kajian tentang
- A.
  
  Perbuatan manusia.
- B.
  
  Pengalaman manusia.
- C.
  
  Hubungan antara manusia.
- D.
  
  Tingkahlaku manusia secara saintifik.
Correct Answer
D. Tingkahlaku manusia secara saintifik.

Explanation
Psikologi adalah kajian tentang tingkah laku manusia secara saintifik. Ini berarti bahwa psikologi melibatkan pengamatan, pengukuran, dan analisis ilmiah terhadap perilaku manusia. Dalam psikologi, tingkah laku manusia dipelajari dengan menggunakan metode ilmiah untuk memahami pola-pola, faktor-faktor, dan pengaruh yang mempengaruhi perilaku manusia. Dengan pendekatan saintifik ini, psikologi berusaha untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan yang objektif dan dapat diandalkan tentang tingkah laku manusia.

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23.

Ramlah seorang jururawat yang peramah, mudah mesra dan sangat aktif dalam aktiviti kumpulan. Personaliti beliau dikategorikan sebagai .
- A.
  
  Ambivert
- B.
  
  Extrovert.
- C.
  
  Esomorf.
- D.
  
  Mesomorf.
Correct Answer
B. Extrovert.

Explanation
The description of Ramlah as friendly, sociable, and active in group activities suggests that her personality is extroverted. Extroverts tend to be outgoing, enjoy socializing, and thrive in group settings. This aligns with Ramlah's behavior and characteristics.

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24.

Dalam tingkahlaku sosiologi, cara untuk mendapatkan rawatan bagi masyarakat moden ialah dengan berjumpa
- A.
  
  Tabib.
- B.
  
  Doktor.
- C.
  
  Sinseh.
- D.
  
  Bomoh.
Correct Answer
B. Doktor.

Explanation
In the field of sociology, the most appropriate way to seek treatment for modern society is through doctors. Doctors are trained medical professionals who have the knowledge and skills to diagnose and treat various health conditions. They follow evidence-based practices and use modern medical technologies to provide the best possible care to individuals and communities. Seeking treatment from doctors is considered a reliable and effective approach in addressing the health needs of modern society.

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25.

Peraturan masyarakat mengenai tingkahlaku yang betul atau salah dikenali sebagai
- A.
  
  Nilai.
- B.
  
  Moral.
- C.
  
  Norma
- D.
  
  Kebudayaan.
Correct Answer
C. Norma

Explanation
The correct answer is "norma". In society, there are rules and expectations regarding proper behavior, which are known as norms. These norms guide individuals on what is considered right or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable in a particular culture or community. They help maintain social order and harmony by establishing standards of conduct that are widely recognized and followed by members of the society.

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26.

Tujuan utama stump bandaging adalah untuk
- A.
  
  Mengurangkan infeksi.
- B.
  
  Mengawal pendarahan .
- C.
  
  Membolehkan penggunaan prosthesis.
- D.
  
  Memberi perlindungan kepada bahagian stump.
Correct Answer
C. Membolehkan penggunaan prosthesis.

Explanation
The main purpose of stump bandaging is to allow the use of a prosthesis. Stump bandaging helps to create a smooth and even surface on the residual limb, which is essential for the proper fitting and function of a prosthetic limb. By providing support and compression, stump bandaging helps to reduce swelling and shape the stump, making it easier to attach and wear a prosthesis comfortably. Additionally, stump bandaging can also help to protect the residual limb from pressure sores and skin breakdown that can occur from wearing a prosthesis.

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27.

Intervensi kejururawatan kepada pesakit Rheumatoid Arthritis yang mengalami kebengkakan adalah dengan
- A.
  
  Aplikasi demahan sejuk.
- B.
  
  Letakkan sand bags di tepi kedua-dua lutut.
- C.
  
  Ampukan dengan bantal di bawah kedua-dua lutut.
- D.
  
  Gunakan selimut untuk memberi kepanasan bahagian kaki.
Correct Answer
A. Aplikasi demahan sejuk.

Explanation
The correct answer is "aplikasi demahan sejuk" because applying cold compress can help reduce inflammation and swelling in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cold therapy helps to numb the area, constrict blood vessels, and reduce fluid buildup, which can alleviate pain and discomfort.

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28.

Puan M mengalami Osteosarcoma. Beliau kelihatan risau dan bimbang berkaitan dengan penyakit yang dialaminya. Intervensi kejururawatan bagi mengatasi masalah beliau adalah
- A.
  
  Beri ubat sedative.
- B.
  
  Beri makanan seimbang.
- C.
  
  Benarkan relative menemani beliau.
- D.
  
  Memberi penerangan berkaitan penyakit yang dialami
Correct Answer
D. Memberi penerangan berkaitan penyakit yang dialami

Explanation
Puan M is experiencing Osteosarcoma and is visibly worried and anxious about her condition. The nursing intervention to address her concerns would be to provide information related to the disease she is experiencing. This would help alleviate her fears and provide her with a better understanding of her condition, treatment options, and prognosis. By providing education and explanation, Puan M can make informed decisions about her healthcare and feel more empowered in managing her illness.

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29.

Pesakit yang mengalami spinal injury memerlukan katil tanpa spring untuk
- A.
  
  Mengelakkan kontraktur.
- B.
  
  Mengurangkan kesakitan.
- C.
  
  Mengelakkan kudis tekanan.
- D.
  
  Mengekalkan alignmen badan.
Correct Answer
D. Mengekalkan alignmen badan.

Explanation
Patients with spinal injuries need a bed without springs to maintain body alignment. This is because a bed without springs provides a more stable and even surface for the body, which helps to prevent any further misalignment or deformities in the spine. By maintaining proper alignment, the bed can help to alleviate pressure on the affected areas, reduce pain, and prevent the development of pressure sores or ulcers.

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30.

Encik R terjatuh semasa bersukan di sekolah dan mengalami sprain di bahagian kaki kiri. Apakah tindakan anda bagi immobilize kaki beliau?
- A.
  
  Letakkan splint.
- B.
  
  Urut bahagian terlibat.
- C.
  
  Balut dengan bandage.
- D.
  
  Tinggikan kaki yang terlibat.
Correct Answer
C. Balut dengan bandage.

Explanation
The correct answer is to "balut dengan bandage" or wrap the injured leg with a bandage. This is because bandaging the sprained area helps to provide support and stability to the injured limb, reducing the risk of further damage and promoting healing. It also helps to minimize swelling and immobilize the injured area, allowing for proper rest and recovery.

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31.

Encik P dimasukkan ke wad dengan fracture femur kiri. Semasa melakukan asesmen berpandukan circulation chart, beliau mengadu kebas di hujung jari kaki terlibat. Keadaan ini menunjukkan gangguan pada
- A.
  
  Glycaemic level.
- B.
  
  Circulatory status.
- C.
  
  Neurovascular status.
- D.
  
  Proses penyembuhan tulang.
Correct Answer
C. Neurovascular status.

Explanation
The patient's complaint of numbness in the involved toe suggests a disturbance in the neurovascular status. Neurovascular status refers to the assessment of both the neurological and vascular functions of a limb. In this case, the fracture may have caused damage to the nerves or blood vessels in the leg, leading to the symptoms of numbness. Monitoring the neurovascular status is important to ensure adequate blood flow and nerve function, which are crucial for proper healing and prevention of complications.

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32.

Lebaga Jururawat Malaysia telah diberi kuasa untuk mengawal peraturan dan pendtadbiran Nurses Act. Kuasa tersebut dikategorikan sebagai
- A.
  
  Public Law
- B.
  
  Legislative Law
- C.
  
  Constitution Law
- D.
  
  Administrative law
Correct Answer
B. Legislative Law

Explanation
The correct answer is Legislative Law. Legislative Law refers to the branch of law that is responsible for creating and passing laws. In this context, the Lebaga Jururawat Malaysia has been given the authority to control the regulations and administration of the Nurses Act. This falls under the jurisdiction of Legislative Law as it involves the creation and enforcement of laws related to nursing in Malaysia.

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33.

Langkah pertama dalam peringkat perlaksanaan proses kejururawatan ialah
- A.
  
  Menilai semula keadaan pesakit.
- B.
  
  Melaksanakan intervensi perawatan.
- C.
  
  Merancang intervensi kejururawatan.
- D.
  
  Mengenalpasti keperluan dan masalah pesakit.
Correct Answer
D. Mengenalpasti keperluan dan masalah pesakit.

Explanation
The correct answer is "mengenalpasti keperluan dan masalah pesakit" because it is the first step in the implementation of the nursing process. Before any interventions or planning can be done, it is important to identify the needs and problems of the patient. This involves assessing the patient's condition, gathering information, and understanding their individual needs and concerns. By identifying the needs and problems of the patient, nurses can then proceed to plan and implement appropriate interventions to address them.

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34.

Data subjektif yang boleh dikenalpasti semasa melakukan asessmen ialah
- A.
  
  Aduan pesakit.
- B.
  
  Suhu badan 38 ºC.
- C.
  
  Kadar nadi 100 / minit.
- D.
  
  Kulit pucat dan kebiruan.
Correct Answer
A. Aduan pesakit.

Explanation
The subjective data that can be identified during assessment is the patient's complaint. This refers to any symptoms or concerns that the patient expresses verbally. In this case, the complaint is not provided, but it is stated that "aduan pesakit" is the correct answer. This suggests that the patient's complaint is an important aspect of subjective data in the assessment process.

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35.

Apakah tujuan melakukan perancangan dalam proses kejururawatan?
- A.
  
  Mencapai matlamat tanpa had masa.
- B.
  
  Mengurangkan masa pesakit tinggal di wad.
- C.
  
  Memberi keutamaan kepada masalah yang telah dikenalpasti.
- D.
  
  Membenarkan waris pesakit terlibat dalam intervensi kejururawatan.
Correct Answer
C. Memberi keutamaan kepada masalah yang telah dikenalpasti.

Explanation
The purpose of planning in the nursing process is to prioritize identified problems. This involves determining which issues need to be addressed first in order to provide effective and efficient care. By giving priority to identified problems, nurses can ensure that the most pressing needs of the patient are addressed promptly, leading to improved patient outcomes.

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36.

Fasa proses kejururawatan yang dapat memenuhi keseluruhan proses kejururawatan ialah
- A.
  
  Asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan, intervensi dan penilaian.
- B.
  
  Asesmen, perancangan, intervensi, masalah kejururawatan dan penilaian.
- C.
  
  Intervensi, asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan dan penilaian.
- D.
  
  Perancangan , asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, intervensi dan penilaian.
Correct Answer
A. Asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan, intervensi dan penilaian.

Explanation
The correct answer is "asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan, intervensi, dan penilaian." This answer is correct because it follows the correct sequence of the nursing process, which includes assessment (asesmen), identifying nursing problems (masalah kejururawatan), planning (perancangan), implementing interventions (intervensi), and evaluating outcomes (penilaian). This sequence ensures a systematic and comprehensive approach to nursing care.

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37.

Jururawat A tidak memberikan ubatan kepada pesakit pada masa yang ditetapkan. Dalam aspek medico legal keadaan ini dikenali sebagai
- A.
  
  Battery
- B.
  
  Assault
- C.
  
  Negligence
- D.
  
  Malpractice
Correct Answer
C. Negligence

Explanation
In this scenario, the nurse failed to administer medication to the patient within the prescribed time. This act of negligence refers to a breach of duty or carelessness on the part of the nurse, which resulted in harm or injury to the patient. Negligence in a medical context involves the failure to meet the expected standard of care, leading to potential legal consequences.

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38.

Keluarga merupakan pewaris kepada pesakit. Manakah antara berikut bukan peranan pewaris semasa menjaga pesakit di hospital ?
- A.
  
  Menyimpan harta pesakit.
- B.
  
  Memberi kebenaran/consent.
- C.
  
  Memberi maklumat kesihatan.
- D.
  
  Merancang perawatan pesakit.
Correct Answer
D. Merancang perawatan pesakit.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Merancang perawatan pesakit." This option is not a role of the caregiver when taking care of a patient in the hospital. The other options, such as "Menyimpan harta pesakit" (keeping the patient's belongings), "Memberi kebenaran/consent" (giving permission/consent), and "Memberi maklumat kesihatan" (providing health information) are all responsibilities that the caregiver may have while taking care of the patient in the hospital.

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39.

Encik Z telah didiagnoskan sebagai schizophrenia. Keadaan ini berlaku kerana ibunya juga mengalami masalah penyakit yang sama. Faktor penyebab penyakit ini ialah
- A.
  
  Biological.
- B.
  
  Etiological
- C.
  
  Predisposing
- D.
  
  Perpetuating
Correct Answer
A. Biological.

Explanation
The correct answer is "biological." Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is believed to have a strong biological component. Research has shown that individuals with a family history of schizophrenia are more likely to develop the disorder themselves, suggesting a genetic predisposition. Additionally, abnormalities in brain structure and function, as well as imbalances in neurotransmitters, have been observed in individuals with schizophrenia. These biological factors contribute to the development and perpetuation of the disorder.

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1
0
40.

Tujuan utama pencegahan primer bagi penyakit mental ialah
- A.
  
  Mengelakkan stigma masyarakat.
- B.
  
  Memberi rawatan dan pemulihan awal.
- C.
  
  Menurunkan kadar insiden penyakit mental.
- D.
  
  Memendekkan jangkamasa perawatan penyakit mental.
Correct Answer
C. Menurunkan kadar insiden penyakit mental.

Explanation
The main goal of primary prevention for mental illnesses is to reduce the incidence rate of these illnesses. By implementing strategies and interventions that target risk factors and promote protective factors, the aim is to prevent the development of mental disorders in the first place. This can be achieved through various means such as education, awareness campaigns, early intervention programs, and promoting mental well-being. By reducing the occurrence of mental illnesses, the overall burden on individuals, families, and society can be minimized.

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1
0
41.

Systemic Decensitization adalah terapi yang digunakan bagi pesakit yang mengalami
- A.
  
  Panic.
- B.
  
  Phobia
- C.
  
  Dissociative disorder.
- D.
  
  Post traumatic disorder.
Correct Answer
B. pHobia

Explanation
Systemic Desensitization is a therapy used for patients who experience phobia. This therapy involves gradually exposing the individual to the feared object or situation in a controlled and safe manner, while teaching relaxation techniques. The goal is to reduce the fear response and help the individual develop coping strategies to manage their phobia. This therapy has been found to be effective in treating various phobias, such as fear of flying, spiders, heights, and social situations.

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42.

Apakah objektif utama program komuniti psikiatri ?
- A.
  
  Menggalakkan perawatan di hospital.
- B.
  
  Mengurangkan perawatan pesakit di rumah.
- C.
  
  Mengurangkan penglibatan badan berkanun.
- D.
  
  Menggalakkan sosialisasi pesakit dengan masyarakat.
Correct Answer
D. Menggalakkan sosialisasi pesakit dengan masyarakat.

Explanation
The main objective of the community psychiatry program is to encourage socialization of patients with the community. This means that the program aims to promote interactions and integration of patients with the wider society, helping them to develop social skills, build relationships, and participate in community activities. This objective is important for the overall well-being and recovery of patients, as it helps to reduce stigma, isolation, and promote a sense of belonging and support.

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1
0
43.

Puan L dimasukkan ke wad psikiatri kerana mengalami masalah mental disorder. Apakah tanggungjawab utama jururawat semasa menerima kemasukkan beliau?
- A.
  
  Menenangkan pesakit
- B.
  
  Memperkenalkan dengan pesakit lain
- C.
  
  Memberi orientasi wad kepada pesakit
- D.
  
  Menyemak borang kemasukan yang betul
Correct Answer
D. Menyemak borang kemasukan yang betul

Explanation
The main responsibility of the nurse when receiving Puan L's admission is to check the correct admission form. This is important to ensure that all the necessary information is accurate and complete, which includes personal details, medical history, and any specific instructions or requirements. By verifying the admission form, the nurse can ensure that Puan L receives the appropriate care and treatment for her mental disorder.

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1
0
44.

Pn.Y, seorang pengidap penyakit mental mempercayai dirinya keturunan diraja dan mempunyai kuasa luarbiasa. Apakah delusi yang dialami oleh beliau?
- A.
  
  Nihilistic
- B.
  
  Reference
- C.
  
  Grandiose
- D.
  
  Persecutory
Correct Answer
C. Grandiose

Explanation
The correct answer is "Grandiose." This is because the individual believes that they are of royal descent and possess extraordinary powers, which are characteristics of grandiose delusions.

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2
0
45.

Defisit cecair boleh berlaku akibat dari keadaan ini
- A.
  
  Kehilangan sodium yang berlebihan.
- B.
  
  Pengurangan dalam pengeluaran urin.
- C.
  
  Pengambilan sodium yang berlebihan.
- D.
  
  Peningkatan dalam pengambilan cecair.
Correct Answer
A. Kehilangan sodium yang berlebihan.

Explanation
A cecair boleh berlaku akibat dari kehilangan sodium yang berlebihan means that a fluid deficit can occur due to excessive loss of sodium. This suggests that the excessive loss of sodium can lead to a fluid deficit.

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46.

Pesakit yang telah dipasangkan dengan central venous catheter (CVC) memerlukan pemeriksaan sinar x-ray kerana
- A.
  
  Menentukan jantung tiada cardiomegaly.
- B.
  
  Mencegah kejadian subcutaneous emphysema.
- C.
  
  Mengesan pneumothorax sebelum ubatan diberi.
- D.
  
  Menentukan catheter berada di dalam salur darah arteri.
Correct Answer
C. Mengesan pneumothorax sebelum ubatan diberi.

Explanation
Patients who have been fitted with a central venous catheter (CVC) require an X-ray examination to detect pneumothorax before medication is administered. Pneumothorax is a condition where air accumulates in the pleural cavity, causing lung collapse. It is important to detect pneumothorax before administering medication through the CVC to avoid further complications or worsening of the condition. X-ray imaging can help identify any signs of pneumothorax, allowing healthcare professionals to take appropriate measures before proceeding with treatment.

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47.

Pernafasan yang cepat dan dalam semasa respiratory acidosis akan
- A.
  
  Menyingkirkan karbon dioksida.
- B.
  
  Menyimpan karbon dioksida dalam darah.
- C.
  
  Meningkatkan proses penyimpanan ion hydrogen.
- D.
  
  Menggalakkan proses penyingkiran ion hydrogen.
Correct Answer
A. Menyingkirkan karbon dioksida.

Explanation
During respiratory acidosis, the body's breathing rate increases in order to eliminate excess carbon dioxide from the bloodstream. This is because respiratory acidosis occurs when there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood, leading to an increase in hydrogen ion concentration and a decrease in blood pH. By increasing the breathing rate and depth, the body is able to remove the excess carbon dioxide and restore the acid-base balance. Therefore, the correct answer is "menyingkirkan karbon dioksida" which means "eliminating carbon dioxide."

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2
0
48.

Intervensi kejururawatan utama bagi klien yang mengalami kebakaran ialah
- A.
  
  Beri sokongan emosi.
- B.
  
  Tukar dressing di luka.
- C.
  
  Ganti cecair dan elektrolit.
- D.
  
  Beri suntikan Tetanus Toxoid.
Correct Answer
C. Ganti cecair dan elektrolit.

Explanation
The correct answer is "ganti cecair dan elektrolit" which means "replace fluids and electrolytes" in English. This intervention is crucial for clients who have experienced a burn because burns can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances in the body. Replacing fluids and electrolytes helps maintain the client's hydration and balance of essential minerals in their body, which is important for their overall health and recovery.

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49.

Tujuan menggunakan pressure garment bagi pesakit kebakaran adalah untuk
- A.
  
  Melindungi luka kebakaran.
- B.
  
  Mengawal peredaran darah.
- C.
  
  Memberhentikan pendarahan di luka.
- D.
  
  Mengelakkan kejadian parut hipertropik.
Correct Answer
D. Mengelakkan kejadian parut hipertropik.

Explanation
The correct answer is "mengelakkan kejadian parut hipertropik." This means that the purpose of using a pressure garment for burn patients is to prevent the occurrence of hypertrophic scars. Hypertrophic scars are thick, raised, and red scars that can form after a burn injury. Pressure garments help to apply constant pressure to the healing wound, which can help flatten and soften the scar tissue, reducing the likelihood of hypertrophic scarring.

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50.

Encik J, mengalami “burning sensation of the tongue, inflammation of the lips and spoon shape nail”, Apakah penyakit yang dialami oleh beliau
- A.
  
  Pernicious anemia
- B.
  
  Sickle cell anemia
- C.
  
  Iron deficiency anemia
- D.
  
  Folic acid deficiency anemia
Correct Answer
C. Iron deficiency anemia

Explanation
The symptoms described, such as burning sensation of the tongue, inflammation of the lips, and spoon-shaped nails, are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the body's tissues. When there is a deficiency of iron, the body cannot produce enough healthy red blood cells, leading to symptoms like fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Additionally, iron deficiency can affect the tongue, causing a burning sensation, and the nails, causing them to become thin and spoon-shaped. Therefore, based on the symptoms mentioned, it is likely that Encik J is suffering from iron deficiency anemia.

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