1W0510 CDC Practice Test B Set Book 2

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  • 1/130 Questions

    What general tool for cloud forecasting is being used when you simply advect clouds from their current location downstream?

    • Estimation
    • Extrapolation
    • Radar
    • Convective Cloud Movement Calculator
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About This Quiz

This practice test, titled '1W0510 CDC Practice Test B Set Book 2', assesses knowledge in meteorological concepts, focusing on states of matter, phase changes, and cloud forecasting techniques. It is designed for learners aiming to understand weather prediction methods and atmospheric phenomena.

Meteorology Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    What source of turbulence reports should you review after checking all forecast products?

    • METARs

    • PIREPS

    • Radar

    • Satellite

    Correct Answer
    A. PIREPS
    Explanation
    After checking all forecast products, it is important to review PIREPS (Pilot Reports) as a source of turbulence reports. PIREPS provide real-time information on weather conditions directly from pilots who are currently flying in the area. This firsthand information can be valuable in assessing the current turbulence situation and making informed decisions. METARs provide current weather observations at specific locations, radar provides information on precipitation and storm activity, and satellite imagery can provide a visual overview of weather patterns, but PIREPS specifically focus on turbulence reports.

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  • 3. 

    Hail size is dependent on the

    • Size of the precipitation and the amount of moist-air advection.

    • Strength of the updraft core and the length of fall from the freezing level to the surface.

    • Size of the precipitation and the amount of dry-air entrainment.

    • Strength of the downdraft core and the length of fall from the freezing level to the surface.

    Correct Answer
    A. Strength of the updraft core and the length of fall from the freezing level to the surface.
    Explanation
    The size of hail is determined by the strength of the updraft core and the length of fall from the freezing level to the surface. A strong updraft core is necessary to keep the hailstone suspended in the storm cloud for a longer period of time, allowing it to grow larger. Additionally, a longer fall from the freezing level to the surface provides more time for the hailstone to accumulate additional layers of ice, resulting in a larger size. Therefore, the strength of the updraft core and the length of fall are the key factors in determining hail size.

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  • 4. 

    What are the conditions necessary for the development of tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, and their associated destructive phenomena?

    • Stable atmosphere, large quantities of moisture, weak mid-level winds, surface-based lifting mechanism, and a favorable wet-bulb-zero (WBZ).

    • Unstable atmosphere, small quantities of moisture, weak mid-level winds, surface-based lifting mechanism, and a favorable WBZ.

    • Stable atmosphere, small quantities of moisture, strong mid-level winds, surface-based lifting mechanism, and a favorable WBZ.

    • Unstable atmosphere, large quantities of moisture, strong mid-level winds, surface-based lifting mechanism, and a favorable WBZ.

    Correct Answer
    A. Unstable atmosphere, large quantities of moisture, strong mid-level winds, surface-based lifting mechanism, and a favorable WBZ.
    Explanation
    Tornadoes and severe thunderstorms require an unstable atmosphere, which means that there is a significant difference in temperature and moisture between the surface and the upper levels of the atmosphere. This instability allows for the rapid upward movement of air, which is necessary for the formation of these weather phenomena. Additionally, large quantities of moisture are needed to provide the necessary fuel for the storms. Strong mid-level winds help to create the necessary wind shear, which is important for the organization and longevity of the storms. A surface-based lifting mechanism, such as a cold front or a dry line, is needed to initiate the upward motion of air. Finally, a favorable wet-bulb-zero (WBZ) refers to the level in the atmosphere where the temperature is at or below freezing, which is important for the formation of hail, a common destructive phenomenon associated with severe thunderstorms.

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  • 5. 

    What are the three states of matter?

    • Solid, Liquid, Gaseous

    • Liquid, Freezing, Frozen

    • Land, Air, Sea

    • Molten, Moist, Mechanical

    Correct Answer
    A. Solid, Liquid, Gaseous
    Explanation
    The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gaseous. These states are determined by the arrangement and movement of particles. In a solid, particles are tightly packed and have a fixed shape and volume. In a liquid, particles are close together but can move around, giving it a definite volume but no fixed shape. In a gaseous state, particles are spread out and move freely, resulting in no fixed shape or volume.

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  • 6. 

    Which condition increases the probability of fog formation?

    • Advecting a warm, moist air mass over a warm surface.

    • Advecting a warm, moist air mass over a cold surface.

    • Turbulent mixing of a moist layer with warmer air aloft.

    • Turbulent mixing of a moist layer with an adjacent dry layer.

    Correct Answer
    A. Advecting a warm, moist air mass over a cold surface.
    Explanation
    When a warm, moist air mass is advected (transported) over a cold surface, the temperature difference between the air mass and the surface causes the air to cool rapidly. This rapid cooling leads to condensation of water vapor in the air, forming fog. Therefore, advecting a warm, moist air mass over a cold surface increases the probability of fog formation.

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  • 7. 

    What are the two AFWA produced graphic products that forecast icing?

    • High and low-level hazard charts

    • High level hazard charts only

    • Low level hazard charts only

    • Mid level hazard charts

    Correct Answer
    A. High and low-level hazard charts
    Explanation
    The correct answer is high and low-level hazard charts. These two graphic products produced by AFWA (Air Force Weather Agency) are used to forecast icing. The high-level hazard chart provides information about icing conditions at higher altitudes, while the low-level hazard chart focuses on icing conditions closer to the ground. By utilizing both charts, forecasters can have a comprehensive understanding of icing hazards at different altitudes, enabling them to make informed decisions and provide accurate forecasts to pilots and aviation personnel.

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  • 8. 

    The most dangerous features of mountain wave clouds are the turbulence in the cap and:

    • Mother-of-pearl cloud.

    • Lenticular cloud.

    • Nacreous cloud.

    • Rotor cloud.

    Correct Answer
    A. Rotor cloud.
    Explanation
    The most dangerous features of mountain wave clouds are the turbulence in the cap and rotor cloud. Rotor clouds are formed when the air flows over a mountain range and creates a rotating column of air on the lee side. These clouds can be very turbulent and cause severe turbulence for aircraft flying through them. Therefore, rotor clouds are considered one of the most dangerous features of mountain wave clouds.

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  • 9. 

    What is the intensity for in-flight icing when deicing or anti-icing equipment fails to reduce or control the hazard and immediate diversion is necessary?

    • Severe.

    • Moderate.

    • Light.

    • Trace.

    Correct Answer
    A. Severe.
    Explanation
    When deicing or anti-icing equipment fails to reduce or control the hazard and immediate diversion is necessary, the intensity for in-flight icing is considered severe. This means that the icing conditions are extremely hazardous and can pose a significant threat to the aircraft's performance and safety. Pilots should take immediate action to divert to a safer location to avoid further complications and potential accidents.

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  • 10. 

    When during a day does maximum instability usually occur?

    • During the coldest part of the day.

    • During the hottest part of the night.

    • During the hottest part of the day.

    • During the coldest part of the night.

    Correct Answer
    A. During the hottest part of the day.
    Explanation
    During the hottest part of the day, the temperature is at its peak, causing air molecules to become more energetic and rise rapidly. This creates an unstable atmosphere where warm air rises and cooler air sinks, leading to the formation of convective currents and turbulent conditions. As a result, maximum instability usually occurs during this time of the day.

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  • 11. 

    What indicates a temperature increase with an increase in height indicating a negative lapse rate in a layer of the atmosphere?

    • Condensation.

    • Inversion.

    • Convection.

    • Mixing

    Correct Answer
    A. Inversion.
    Explanation
    An inversion is a phenomenon in which the temperature increases with an increase in height in a layer of the atmosphere. This is opposite to the normal lapse rate, where temperature usually decreases with increasing altitude. Inversions often occur when warm air is trapped above cooler air, preventing vertical mixing and causing the temperature to increase with height. Therefore, the presence of an inversion indicates a temperature increase with an increase in height and a negative lapse rate in the atmosphere.

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  • 12. 

    What is the most common type of fog in the Northern Hemisphere?

    • Sea Fog

    • Radiation Fog

    • Mountain Fog

    • Valley Fog

    Correct Answer
    A. Radiation Fog
    Explanation
    Radiation fog is the most common type of fog in the Northern Hemisphere. This type of fog forms during the night when the ground radiates heat, causing the air near the surface to cool. As the air cools, it reaches its dew point and condenses into fog. Radiation fog is typically shallow and forms in low-lying areas such as valleys and basins. It is often associated with calm and clear nights, and dissipates once the sun rises and the ground begins to warm up.

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  • 13. 

    All turbulence not thermally induced or associated with convective activity is classified as:

    • Clear-air.

    • Mechanical

    • Mountain-wave

    • Severe.

    Correct Answer
    A. Clear-air.
    Explanation
    Turbulence can be caused by various factors, including thermal effects, convective activity, and mechanical disturbances. However, when turbulence is not thermally induced or associated with convective activity, it is classified as clear-air turbulence. This type of turbulence occurs in clear skies and is not easily detectable, making it particularly dangerous for aircraft.

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  • 14. 

    Why does the isobar spacing on a Skew-T chart increase from the bottom to the top of the chart?

    • Stronger upper level winds

    • Warmer air in the lower levels

    • Accounts for the increase in density of the atmosphere with height.

    • Accounts for the decrease in density of the atmosphere with height.

    Correct Answer
    A. Accounts for the decrease in density of the atmosphere with height.
    Explanation
    The isobar spacing on a Skew-T chart increases from the bottom to the top of the chart because it accounts for the decrease in density of the atmosphere with height. As we go higher in the atmosphere, the air becomes less dense, and therefore, the pressure gradient decreases. This results in the isobars being spaced further apart on the chart.

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  • 15. 

    Convective temperature is the temperature that surface air must reach to initiate convective currents that will

    • Increase atmospheric pressure.

    • Extend wide enough for the air to become dry.

    • Extend high enough for the air to become saturated.

    • Extend high enough for the air to become dry.

    Correct Answer
    A. Extend high enough for the air to become saturated.
    Explanation
    The convective temperature is the temperature at which surface air becomes warm enough to initiate convection, which is the vertical movement of air. When the air rises, it cools and condenses, leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation. "Extending high enough for the air to become saturated" means that the rising air reaches a point where it becomes cooled enough to reach its dew point and condense into water vapor. This is the correct answer because it accurately describes the process of convection and the conditions required for the air to become saturated.

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  • 16. 

    What is the main difference and added consideration when forecasting cumuliform clouds versus stratiform clouds?

    • Atmospheric Stability

    • Size

    • Shape

    • Cloud Movement

    Correct Answer
    A. Atmospheric Stability
    Explanation
    When forecasting cumuliform clouds, the main difference and added consideration compared to stratiform clouds is atmospheric stability. Cumuliform clouds are associated with unstable atmospheric conditions, which means that there is a lot of vertical movement and turbulence in the atmosphere. This instability can lead to the formation of towering cumulonimbus clouds and potentially severe weather such as thunderstorms. On the other hand, stratiform clouds are associated with stable atmospheric conditions, where the air is more uniform and there is less vertical movement. This difference in atmospheric stability is an important factor to consider when forecasting these two types of clouds.

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  • 17. 

    Generally, what front is connected with the snow or rain zone?

    • Sub Polar

    • Tropical

    • Mid Atlantic

    • Polar

    Correct Answer
    A. Polar
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Polar. The polar front is connected with the snow or rain zone. The polar front is a boundary between polar air masses and warmer air masses, typically found in the mid-latitudes. This front is often associated with the formation of low-pressure systems and the development of precipitation, including snow and rain.

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  • 18. 

    This restriction develops in layers in a stable atmosphere usually of fairly large depth. The visibility is usually between three and six miles. To predict this restriction, you must locate a source of pollution and predict the stagnation of an air mass in your area.

    • Smoke

    • Fog

    • Dust

    • Haze

    Correct Answer
    A. Haze
    Explanation
    Haze is the correct answer because the given information suggests that the restriction in visibility is caused by a stable atmosphere and the presence of pollution. Haze is a type of atmospheric pollution characterized by the presence of fine particles or pollutants in the air, which can reduce visibility and create a hazy appearance. It is often caused by industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, or other sources of pollution. Therefore, haze is the most likely explanation for the restriction in visibility described in the question.

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  • 19. 

    Which visibility restriction is the most localized?

    • Haze.

    • Wind-blown particles.

    • Precipitation.

    • Smoke.

    Correct Answer
    A. Smoke.
    Explanation
    Smoke is the most localized visibility restriction because it tends to stay close to its source and does not disperse easily. Unlike haze, which can cover large areas and be present even in the absence of a specific source, smoke is usually emitted from a specific location such as a fire or industrial chimney. Wind-blown particles and precipitation can also reduce visibility, but they are not as localized as smoke since they can be carried over longer distances by the wind or spread over a wider area.

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  • 20. 

    In forecasting frontal winds, the deepening or filling of a frontal trough:  

    • Increases the winds.

    • Decreases the winds.

    • Does not have any effect on the winds.

    • Increases or decreases the winds.

    Correct Answer
    A. Increases or decreases the winds.
    Explanation
    The deepening or filling of a frontal trough can have varying effects on frontal winds. When a frontal trough deepens, it indicates an intensification of the temperature gradient, which can lead to stronger winds. On the other hand, when a frontal trough fills, it suggests a weakening of the temperature gradient and can result in weaker winds. Therefore, the deepening or filling of a frontal trough can cause both an increase or decrease in frontal winds, depending on the specific conditions.

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  • 21. 

    From which agencies are centralized turbulence products available?

    • NAM and GFS

    • WSCC and OSCC

    • AFWA and NWS Aviation Weather Center.

    • JAAWIN and NASA

    Correct Answer
    A. AFWA and NWS Aviation Weather Center.
    Explanation
    Centralized turbulence products are available from the AFWA (Air Force Weather Agency) and NWS (National Weather Service) Aviation Weather Center. These agencies provide reliable and up-to-date information regarding turbulence, which is crucial for aviation safety.

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  • 22. 

    How does in-flight icing on an airplane effect drag and the ability to lift when considering airfoil, respectively?

    • Increases; decreases.

    • Decreases; decreases.

    • Decreases; increases.

    • Increases; increases.

    Correct Answer
    A. Increases; decreases.
    Explanation
    In-flight icing on an airplane increases drag and decreases the ability to lift. When ice forms on the surface of the airplane, it disrupts the smooth flow of air over the airfoil, causing an increase in drag. This increased drag makes it harder for the airplane to move through the air, resulting in a decrease in lift. Therefore, in-flight icing has a negative impact on both drag and the ability to lift.

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  • 23. 

    Which item is not a guidance tool or product for icing?

    • Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) centralized charts.

    • Pilot’s report (PIREP).

    • Meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery.

    • Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET).

    Correct Answer
    A. Meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery.
    Explanation
    Meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery is not a guidance tool or product for icing because it provides visual images of weather patterns and cloud cover, but does not specifically provide information on icing conditions. The other options, such as Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) centralized charts, Pilot’s report (PIREP), and Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET), are all tools or products that can provide information on icing conditions and help pilots make informed decisions regarding icing hazards.

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  • 24. 

    What time of day has the greatest frequency of tornado occurrences?

    • Between 1000 and 1100 hours local time.

    • Between 1200 and 1100 hours local time.

    • Between 1200 and 2100 hours local time.

    • Between 0100 and 2400 hours local time.

    Correct Answer
    A. Between 1200 and 2100 hours local time.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is between 1200 and 2100 hours local time. This time period corresponds to the afternoon and evening hours when the sun is at its highest point and the atmosphere is typically warmer. Tornadoes are more likely to form during this time because the warm air near the surface rises and interacts with cooler air aloft, creating the unstable conditions necessary for tornado development. Additionally, the heating of the day allows for more energy and moisture to be available for storm systems, increasing the likelihood of tornado occurrences.

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  • 25. 

    What wind speed do strong nonconvective winds exceed?

    • 34 knots.

    • 54 knots.

    • 24 knots.

    • 14 knots.

    Correct Answer
    A. 34 knots.
    Explanation
    Strong nonconvective winds exceed a wind speed of 34 knots. This means that when wind speeds reach or exceed 34 knots, they are considered to be strong nonconvective winds.

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  • 26. 

    What happens when the CAPE goes above 2,500 J/kg?

    • There is no hail

    • Hail potential remains unchanged

    • Hail potential decreases dramatically

    • Hail potential increases dramatically

    Correct Answer
    A. Hail potential increases dramatically
    Explanation
    When the CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) goes above 2,500 J/kg, the hail potential increases dramatically. CAPE is a measure of the amount of energy available for thunderstorm development. When it exceeds 2,500 J/kg, it indicates a high level of instability in the atmosphere, which is favorable for the formation of large hailstones. The higher the CAPE value, the more potential there is for strong updrafts within thunderstorms, leading to the growth of hailstones. Therefore, when the CAPE exceeds 2,500 J/kg, the likelihood of hail occurring during thunderstorms significantly increases.

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  • 27. 

    The season of maximum hail occurrences coincides with

    • Summer.

    • Spring.

    • Fall.

    • The season of maximum thunderstorms.

    Correct Answer
    A. The season of maximum thunderstorms.
    Explanation
    During thunderstorms, strong updrafts carry raindrops upward into extremely cold regions of the atmosphere, where they freeze into ice pellets. These ice pellets are then carried back down by downdrafts, resulting in hail. Therefore, the season of maximum hail occurrences coincides with the season of maximum thunderstorms, as thunderstorms provide the necessary conditions for hail formation.

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  • 28. 

    Which general tool for forecasting winds can provide information on surface frictional effects?

    • Extrapolation

    • Radar

    • Topography

    • Geometry

    Correct Answer
    A. Topography
    Explanation
    Topography refers to the physical features of the Earth's surface, such as mountains, hills, and valleys. These features can significantly impact wind patterns and create variations in wind speed and direction. By studying the topography of a specific area, forecasters can better understand how surface frictional effects, caused by the interaction between the wind and the Earth's surface, will influence wind patterns. Therefore, topography is a useful tool for forecasting winds and providing information on surface frictional effects.

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  • 29. 

    Which two winds belong to the category of Fall Winds?

    • Numa and Astral

    • Fine and Pho

    • Aurora and Borealis

    • Mistral and Bora

    Correct Answer
    A. Mistral and Bora
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Mistral and Bora. Mistral is a strong, cold wind that blows from the northwest in southern France, while Bora is a cold and dry wind that blows from the northeast in the Adriatic Sea region. Both of these winds are associated with the fall season and are known for their strength and impact on the local weather conditions.

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  • 30. 

    As a general rule, the effects of turbulence for a fixed-wing aircraft are increased with decreased:

    • Altitude and air density.

    • Weight of the aircraft.

    • Wing surface area.

    • Airspeed.

    Correct Answer
    A. Weight of the aircraft.
    Explanation
    The effects of turbulence for a fixed-wing aircraft are increased with decreased weight of the aircraft. This means that lighter aircraft are more susceptible to turbulence compared to heavier aircraft. Turbulence is caused by disturbances in the air, and heavier aircraft are better able to withstand these disturbances due to their increased mass. On the other hand, lighter aircraft are more easily affected by the turbulent air, leading to a greater impact on their stability and control.

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  • 31. 

    With a frontal system, the greatest icing occurs when updrafts exist. The only exception to this rule is when icing is associated with

    • Supersaturated clouds.

    • A cold frontal occlusion.

    • A warm frontal occlusion.

    • Freezing precipitation.

    Correct Answer
    A. Freezing precipitation.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is freezing precipitation. Freezing precipitation refers to any form of precipitation that falls as liquid but freezes upon contact with a surface that is at or below freezing temperature. This can include freezing rain, freezing drizzle, or freezing fog. In these cases, the greatest icing occurs when updrafts exist, as the updrafts help to keep the precipitation in a liquid state until it reaches the surface where it then freezes. Supersaturated clouds, a cold frontal occlusion, and a warm frontal occlusion can all contribute to icing conditions, but freezing precipitation is specifically mentioned as the exception to the rule of updrafts causing the greatest icing.

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  • 32. 

    What term refers to the supercell downdraft associated with the gust front?

    • The flank downdraft (FD).

    • The side flank downdraft (SFD).

    • The rear flank downdraft (RFD).

    • The forward flank downdraft (FFD).

    Correct Answer
    A. The forward flank downdraft (FFD).
    Explanation
    The term that refers to the supercell downdraft associated with the gust front is the forward flank downdraft (FFD).

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  • 33. 

    What are the two primary forecast concerns when forecasting a haboob?

    • Precipitation and Visibility

    • Flooding

    • Visibility and wind speed.

    • Tornadoes

    Correct Answer
    A. Visibility and wind speed.
    Explanation
    When forecasting a haboob, the two primary concerns are visibility and wind speed. A haboob is a type of intense dust storm that occurs in arid regions. Visibility is a major concern because the blowing dust reduces visibility to near zero, creating hazardous driving conditions and impacting air travel. Wind speed is also a concern as haboobs are characterized by strong, gusty winds that can cause damage to structures and vehicles. Precipitation and flooding are not typically associated with haboobs, and tornadoes are also not a primary concern in haboob forecasting.

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  • 34. 

    The combination of cold air aloft and warm surface air can produce a

    • Sharp lapse rate and a stable atmosphere.

    • Sharp lapse rate and an unstable atmosphere.

    • Gradual lapse rate and a stable atmosphere.

    • Gradual lapse rate and an unstable atmosphere.

    Correct Answer
    A. Sharp lapse rate and an unstable atmosphere.
    Explanation
    When there is a combination of cold air aloft and warm surface air, it creates a sharp lapse rate. A lapse rate refers to the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude. In this case, the sharp lapse rate indicates a rapid decrease in temperature as altitude increases. This combination also leads to an unstable atmosphere. An unstable atmosphere means that the warm air at the surface is able to rise rapidly, which can result in the formation of thunderstorms and other severe weather conditions.

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  • 35. 

    What is a general tool for forecasting clouds that is derived from decades of observational data and is a time-proven method?

    • Climatology

    • Analytics

    • Upstream Observations

    • Radar

    Correct Answer
    A. Climatology
    Explanation
    Climatology is a general tool for forecasting clouds that is derived from decades of observational data and is a time-proven method. It involves the study of long-term weather patterns and trends, allowing forecasters to make predictions based on historical data. By analyzing past weather conditions and patterns, climatology can provide valuable insights into cloud formation and behavior, helping to forecast cloud cover, precipitation, and other related weather phenomena. This makes climatology a reliable and effective tool for cloud forecasting.

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  • 36. 

    What is density altitude?

    • The altitude that a given density is found in a cold front

    • Surface Density at each station

    • The altitude that a given density is found in the standard atmosphere

    • Thickness of the air in a column

    Correct Answer
    A. The altitude that a given density is found in the standard atmosphere
    Explanation
    Density altitude is a term used in aviation to describe the altitude at which a certain air density is found in the standard atmosphere. It is calculated by taking into account the temperature and pressure at a specific location and comparing it to the standard atmospheric conditions. This information is important for pilots as it affects aircraft performance, such as engine power and lift. By knowing the density altitude, pilots can make adjustments to their flight plans and ensure safe operations.

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  • 37. 

    What is the most efficient method of cloud droplet growth?

    • Condensation and collision.

    • Condensation and coalescence.

    • Collision and coalescence.

    • Collision and evaporation.

    Correct Answer
    A. Collision and coalescence.
    Explanation
    The most efficient method of cloud droplet growth is through collision and coalescence. When cloud droplets collide, they combine and form larger droplets in a process called coalescence. This leads to the growth of cloud droplets and eventually the formation of raindrops. Condensation alone is not as efficient in increasing the size of cloud droplets, and collision and evaporation would result in a decrease in droplet size rather than growth. Therefore, collision and coalescence is the correct answer for the most efficient method of cloud droplet growth.

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  • 38. 

    Which type of aircraft icing occurs in cumuliform clouds and is hard, glossy, and heavy?

    • Layered.

    • Mixed.

    • Clear.

    • Rime.

    Correct Answer
    A. Clear.
    Explanation
    Clear icing occurs in cumuliform clouds and is characterized by being hard, glossy, and heavy. It forms when supercooled water droplets freeze upon contact with an aircraft surface. This type of icing can quickly accumulate and is particularly dangerous as it can severely affect the aerodynamics and performance of the aircraft.

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  • 39. 

    Which ice protection system is activated before the aircraft enters the icing condition?

    • Deicing equipment.

    • Ionization equipment.

    • Ice removal blowers.

    • Anti-icing equipment.

    Correct Answer
    A. Anti-icing equipment.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Anti-icing equipment. Anti-icing equipment is activated before the aircraft enters the icing condition to prevent ice from forming on the aircraft surfaces. It typically involves the use of heated surfaces or the spraying of anti-icing fluids on critical areas of the aircraft, such as the wings, tail, and engine inlets. This helps to maintain the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft and prevent ice accretion, which can be hazardous during flight. Deicing equipment, ionization equipment, and ice removal blowers are used to remove ice after it has already formed on the aircraft surfaces.

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  • 40. 

    What non-severe thunderstorm stage is the most violent?

    • Dissipating

    • Genesis

    • Mature

    • Cumuliform

    Correct Answer
    A. Mature
    Explanation
    The mature stage of a non-severe thunderstorm is the most violent. During this stage, the storm reaches its peak intensity with strong updrafts and downdrafts. It is characterized by heavy rainfall, strong winds, and the potential for lightning and hail. The mature stage is when the storm is most likely to produce severe weather conditions, making it the most violent stage.

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  • 41. 

    What are the only two agencies authorized to issue warnings on tropical cyclones?

    • AFWA AND JAAWIN

    • Tropical Prediction Center and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.

    • NWS AND SPC

    • OWS AND AFWA

    Correct Answer
    A. Tropical Prediction Center and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
    Explanation
    The Tropical Prediction Center and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center are the only two agencies authorized to issue warnings on tropical cyclones. These agencies have the expertise and resources to track and monitor tropical cyclones, providing accurate and timely information to help communities prepare and respond to these potentially dangerous storms. Their warnings are crucial in ensuring the safety of people living in areas at risk of cyclones, allowing them to take necessary precautions and evacuate if necessary.

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  • 42. 

    What term is used to define the process where the outer edge of the cloud mixes with air outside of the cloud?

    • Moist-air entrainment.

    • Evaporation.

    • Condensation.

    • Dry-air entrainment.

    Correct Answer
    A. Dry-air entrainment.
    Explanation
    Dry-air entrainment is the term used to define the process where the outer edge of the cloud mixes with air outside of the cloud. This occurs when drier air from the surrounding environment is drawn into the cloud, causing the cloud to mix and interact with this dry air. It can have significant effects on the cloud's structure and behavior, as the dry air can lead to evaporation of cloud droplets and changes in cloud dynamics.

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  • 43. 

    With a quasistationary front in the southern United States under a broad west or southwest flow aloft and a weak surface low, the snow rain zone becomes

    • Elongated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over long periods.

    • Truncated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over long periods.

    • Truncated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over short periods.

    • Elongated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over short periods.

    Correct Answer
    A. Elongated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over long periods.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "elongated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over long periods." This means that the snow rain zone is stretched out in the same direction as the upper-level current, and the precipitation rates are sustained for a longer duration. This suggests that the weather system is characterized by a slow-moving front and a weak surface low, resulting in prolonged and widespread precipitation over the region.

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  • 44. 

    What category of aircraft does a turbulence forecast normally specify?

    • Category II

    • Category I

    • Category IV

    • Category III

    Correct Answer
    A. Category II
    Explanation
    A turbulence forecast normally specifies the category of aircraft as Category II.

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  • 45. 

    Turbulence should not be anticipated in areas of:

    • Considerable vertical shear.

    • Strong temperature advection.

    • Inflow in a digging jet.

    • Considerable horizontal directional and/or speed shear.

    Correct Answer
    A. Inflow in a digging jet.
    Explanation
    Inflow in a digging jet refers to the movement of air into a region of low pressure caused by a jet stream descending into a trough. This type of flow is characterized by strong vertical motion and is associated with severe weather conditions such as thunderstorms and tornadoes. Therefore, turbulence can be anticipated in areas of inflow in a digging jet.

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  • 46. 

    What type of thunderstorm is often confused with a frontal passage?

    • Squall Line Thunderstorms

    • Air Mass Thunderstorms

    • Daytime Thunderstorms

    • Downdraft Thunderstorms

    Correct Answer
    A. Squall Line Thunderstorms
    Explanation
    Squall line thunderstorms are often confused with a frontal passage. This is because both squall lines and frontal passages are associated with a line or band of strong thunderstorms that move across an area. Squall line thunderstorms are typically long and linear in shape and are often accompanied by strong winds, heavy rain, and sometimes tornadoes. Frontal passages, on the other hand, occur when a cold front moves through an area, bringing a line of storms along with it. Both types of storms can be intense and produce similar weather conditions, leading to the confusion between them.

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  • 47. 

    What icing intensity corresponds to freezing drizzle?

    • Light.

    • Moderate.

    • Severe.

    • Extreme.

    Correct Answer
    A. Moderate.
    Explanation
    Freezing drizzle refers to liquid precipitation that freezes upon contact with the ground or other surfaces, creating a thin layer of ice. Moderate icing intensity implies that the ice accumulation is significant enough to cause some hazardous conditions, such as reduced visibility and slippery surfaces. However, severe or extreme icing intensity would indicate even more dangerous conditions, with potentially heavier ice accumulation and greater impacts on travel and infrastructure. Therefore, the correct answer, moderate, aligns with the level of icing intensity typically associated with freezing drizzle.

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  • 48. 

    What type icing, if any, will an aircraft encounter if icing conditions are favorable and flying above 12,000 feet in a stratiform cloud?

    • Rime.

    • None.

    • Mixed.

    • Clear.

    Correct Answer
    A. Rime.
    Explanation
    If an aircraft is flying above 12,000 feet in a stratiform cloud and icing conditions are favorable, it will encounter rime icing. Rime icing occurs when supercooled water droplets freeze rapidly upon contact with the aircraft surfaces, forming a rough and opaque ice layer. This type of icing is commonly found in stratiform clouds where temperatures are below freezing and the cloud droplets are small.

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  • 49. 

    What type of temperature advection in the lower levels increases the potential of heavy snow?

    • Mixed advection increases the potential.

    • Warm advection increases the potential.

    • Cold advection increases the potential.

    • Freezing advection increases the potential.

    Correct Answer
    A. Warm advection increases the potential.
    Explanation
    Warm advection refers to the horizontal transport of warm air into a region. When warm air is advected into the lower levels, it can increase the potential for heavy snowfall. This is because warm air can hold more moisture than cold air, and when it interacts with colder air, it can lead to strong upward motion and the formation of snow. Therefore, warm advection increases the potential for heavy snow.

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  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Nov 18, 2012
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