1.
What entails how we communicate and manage data?
Correct Answer
A. Information systems
Explanation
Information systems encompass the processes, technologies, and resources used to collect, store, analyze, and disseminate data and information within an organization or between different entities. These systems play a crucial role in facilitating communication and data management by providing tools and infrastructure for data storage, retrieval, and sharing. They enable organizations to efficiently process and transmit data, support decision-making processes, and improve overall communication and collaboration among individuals and departments. Therefore, information systems are the most appropriate choice to explain how we communicate and manage data.
2.
What part of client systems includes the physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other devices, to include the interconnect devices?
Correct Answer
C. Hardware
Explanation
The correct answer is hardware because it refers to the physical aspect of client systems, including computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices. This encompasses the tangible components of the system, such as the computer itself, cables, routers, switches, and any other equipment used to connect and communicate with other devices. Programs and processes are not part of the physical aspect of client systems, while paperwork is unrelated to the physical components of the system.
3.
What devices are mostly small, lightweight, and designed for mobile use?
Correct Answer
D. Handhelds
Explanation
Handhelds are mostly small, lightweight, and designed for mobile use. Unlike computers or hardware, which can be larger and less portable, handhelds are specifically designed to be easily carried and used on the go. They are typically compact in size, making them convenient for mobile use. This makes handhelds the most suitable option for individuals who require a portable device for tasks such as communication, entertainment, or accessing information while on the move.
4.
Any hardware added to a computer that expands its capabilities is referred to as a/an
Correct Answer
B. PeripHeral
Explanation
A peripheral is any hardware device that is added to a computer to enhance or expand its capabilities. This can include devices such as printers, scanners, keyboards, and mice, which are connected to the computer through various ports or interfaces. These peripherals provide additional functionality and allow the user to interact with the computer system. Therefore, the correct answer is "peripheral".
5.
Which of the following is not one of the three types of interfaces?
Correct Answer
A. GrapHical
Explanation
The given question asks for the type of interface that is not one of the three types mentioned. The three types mentioned are hardware, software, and user interfaces. The answer, graphical, is not one of the three types mentioned, therefore it is the correct answer.
6.
The transfer of eight bits of data simultaneously through eight separate lines in a single cable is a function of a
Correct Answer
B. Parallel port
Explanation
A parallel port is capable of transferring eight bits of data simultaneously through eight separate lines in a single cable. This means that each bit of data is sent through its own dedicated line, allowing for faster data transfer compared to a serial port where data is sent sequentially through a single line. Therefore, a parallel port is the correct answer in this case.
7.
What program translates commands between a device and the programs that use the device?
Correct Answer
C. Driver
Explanation
A driver is a program that acts as a translator between a device and the programs that use the device. It allows the operating system and applications to communicate with the device by converting the commands and instructions from the software into a language that the device can understand. The driver ensures that the device functions properly and that the software can utilize its features effectively.
8.
The term used to refer to the process of launching the OS is the
Correct Answer
A. Boot
Explanation
The term used to refer to the process of launching the OS is "boot". This refers to the process of starting up a computer system and loading the operating system into the computer's memory. During the boot process, the computer's hardware is initialized, and the necessary files and settings are loaded into memory, allowing the operating system to start running.
9.
What program sets up the divisions of memory that hold the operating system, user information and applications?
Correct Answer
B. The bootstrap loader
Explanation
The bootstrap loader is a program that sets up the divisions of memory that hold the operating system, user information, and applications. It is responsible for initializing the computer system and loading the operating system into memory. The bootstrap loader is typically stored in the computer's firmware or read-only memory (ROM) and is executed when the computer is powered on. It plays a crucial role in the startup process by preparing the memory divisions necessary for the functioning of the operating system and the execution of user applications.
10.
What describes how a computer finds a specific byte it is looking for in memory?
Correct Answer
C. Memory addressing
Explanation
Memory addressing refers to the method by which a computer locates a specific byte in its memory. When the computer needs to access or retrieve data from memory, it uses memory addressing to identify the exact location of the byte it is looking for. This involves assigning unique addresses to each byte in memory, allowing the computer to efficiently and accurately retrieve the desired information. Memory addressing is an essential aspect of computer architecture and plays a crucial role in the overall functioning of a computer system.
11.
How many bits long are the addresses that computer instructions work with?
Correct Answer
B. 16
Explanation
Computer instructions work with addresses that are 16 bits long. The length of an address determines the maximum number of memory locations that can be accessed. In this case, with 16 bits, there can be a maximum of 2^16 (or 65,536) memory locations. This allows the computer to access a large amount of memory and perform complex tasks.
12.
Which type of memory stores configuration information, and is used by the BIOS during system boot up?
Correct Answer
A. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor memory
Explanation
Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) memory is a type of memory that stores configuration information and is used by the BIOS during system boot up. It is a low-power, non-volatile memory that retains data even when the computer is powered off. CMOS memory is responsible for storing settings such as date, time, and hardware configuration, allowing the BIOS to access this information during the boot process.
13.
What type of memory is nonvolatile, considered permanent, and is also called firmware in reference to the data and instructions stored?
Correct Answer
B. ROM
Explanation
ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. It is a type of memory that is nonvolatile, meaning it retains its data even when the power is turned off. ROM is considered permanent because its contents cannot be easily changed or erased. It is also referred to as firmware because it contains the permanent instructions that are necessary for a computer or electronic device to boot up and perform basic functions. Unlike RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM cannot be written to or modified by the user. Therefore, ROM is the correct answer for this question.
14.
This type of memory is blank and instructions can be placed on permanently
Correct Answer
D. PROM
Explanation
PROM stands for Programmable Read-Only Memory. It is a type of memory that can be programmed only once by the manufacturer or user. Once the instructions or data are written onto PROM, they cannot be changed or erased. This makes PROM a non-volatile memory, meaning the data remains even when the power is turned off. Therefore, PROM is a type of memory where instructions can be permanently placed.
15.
Which type of memory is used to duplicate frequently used information stored elsewhere or computed earlier, because the original data is time consuming to retrieve or to compute?
Correct Answer
D. Cache
Explanation
Cache memory is used to duplicate frequently used information stored elsewhere or computed earlier because the original data is time-consuming to retrieve or compute. Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory that is located closer to the CPU than main memory (RAM) or secondary storage (ROM). It stores a copy of frequently accessed data, allowing the CPU to access it quickly without having to retrieve it from the original source. This helps to improve overall system performance by reducing the time it takes to access data.
16.
Which term describes that data is whole or complete?
Correct Answer
C. Data integrity
Explanation
Data integrity refers to the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data throughout its lifecycle. It ensures that data remains whole and complete, without any corruption or unauthorized modifications. Data integrity is essential for maintaining the trustworthiness and usability of data, as it guarantees that the information is accurate and reliable for decision-making and other purposes.
17.
Which is a very simple example of an error detecting code?
Correct Answer
A. Parity bit
Explanation
A parity bit is a very simple example of an error detecting code. It is used to detect errors in data transmission by adding an extra bit to the binary code. This extra bit is set to either 0 or 1, depending on the number of 1s in the data. If the number of 1s is even, the parity bit is set to 0, and if the number of 1s is odd, the parity bit is set to 1. When the data is received, the parity bit is checked, and if it doesn't match the expected value, an error is detected. This allows for the detection of single-bit errors.
18.
What data integrity method is used in high-end personal computers and file servers?
Correct Answer
D. Error correction code memory
Explanation
Error correction code memory is used in high-end personal computers and file servers to ensure data integrity. This method involves adding extra bits to the data being stored, which allows for the detection and correction of errors that may occur during data transmission or storage. By using error correction code memory, these systems can detect and fix errors, ensuring that the data remains accurate and reliable.
19.
Reading and storing a document on a hard disk or some other storage medium for processing at a more convenient time is called
Correct Answer
B. Spooling
Explanation
Spooling refers to the process of reading and storing a document on a hard disk or other storage medium for later processing. This allows for more efficient use of system resources, as the document can be processed at a more convenient time instead of immediately. Spooling is commonly used in printing, where documents are added to a print queue and then printed in the order they were received.
20.
A spooled print job can be several times larger than the printed document size because of the conversion to the
Correct Answer
A. Printer's language
Explanation
When a print job is spooled, it is temporarily stored in a print queue before being sent to the printer. The printer's language refers to the specific language or format that the printer understands. This language is used to convert the print job into a format that the printer can interpret and print. Since the printer's language is more complex and contains additional information compared to the original document, the spooled print job can be several times larger in size.
21.
A static internet protocol address on a network printer during hardware configuration is used for
Correct Answer
B. Print job locating
Explanation
A static internet protocol address on a network printer during hardware configuration is used for print job locating. By assigning a static IP address to the network printer, it becomes easier to locate and connect to the printer on the network. This allows users to send print jobs directly to the printer without any confusion or delay in locating the printer's IP address.
22.
Printer hardware configuration via the web is done through
Correct Answer
A. Hypertext transfer protocol
Explanation
Printer hardware configuration via the web is done through hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). HTTP is the protocol used for transmitting data over the internet and allows users to access and interact with web pages. In the context of printer configuration, HTTP enables users to access the printer's web interface through a web browser, where they can make changes to the printer's settings and configuration. This method provides a user-friendly and convenient way to configure printer hardware remotely.
23.
What type of printer software configuration option requires a new port to be created?
Correct Answer
D. TCP/IP printing
Explanation
TCP/IP printing is a type of printer software configuration option that requires a new port to be created. This is because TCP/IP printing uses the TCP/IP protocol to establish a connection between the computer and the printer. In order to establish this connection, a new port needs to be created to facilitate the communication between the two devices. This allows for the successful printing of documents using the TCP/IP printing option.
24.
Which of these is not a prominent characteristic of an operating system?
Correct Answer
B. The way it processes
Explanation
The given answer, "The way it processes," is not a prominent characteristic of an operating system. Operating systems primarily manage hardware and software resources, provide an interface between the user and the computer, and enable multitasking. The way an operating system processes information is an internal mechanism that is not typically considered a distinct characteristic.
25.
Which of the below is not a type of computer user interface?
Correct Answer
A. Application driven interface
Explanation
The term "application driven interface" is not commonly used to describe a type of computer user interface. The other options listed, such as command driven interface, graphical user interface, and menu driven interface, are well-known types of interfaces that are widely used in computer systems. Therefore, "application driven interface" is the correct answer as it does not fit into the commonly recognized categories of computer user interfaces.
26.
Which hardware requirement is defined as the model and clock speed of the CPU?
Correct Answer
D. Processing power
Explanation
The hardware requirement defined as the model and clock speed of the CPU is processing power. The model of the CPU refers to its specific type or brand, while the clock speed refers to the number of cycles the CPU can execute per second. These factors determine the CPU's ability to handle and process data, making processing power a crucial aspect of hardware requirements.
27.
What should be done before anything else, once the operating system installation is complete?
Correct Answer
D. Install antivirus
Explanation
Once the operating system installation is complete, it is important to install an antivirus software before doing anything else. This is because without antivirus protection, the system is vulnerable to various malware and viruses that can compromise its security and functionality. Installing antivirus software helps to safeguard the system and prevent any potential threats or attacks, ensuring a safer and more secure computing experience.
28.
The specifications that should be met, if not exceeded, to ensure a computer is compatible as well as powerful enough to run an operating system without constant problems is for the computer to have the minimum
Correct Answer
B. Hardware
Explanation
The correct answer is "hardware". In order for a computer to run an operating system without constant problems, it needs to have the necessary hardware components. This includes the processor, memory, storage, and other peripherals that are required for the operating system to function properly. Without adequate hardware, the computer may experience performance issues, crashes, or other compatibility problems with the operating system. Therefore, having the right hardware specifications is crucial for a computer to be compatible and powerful enough to run an operating system smoothly.
29.
What are minor software updates or improvements called?
Correct Answer
B. Patches
Explanation
Minor software updates or improvements are commonly referred to as patches. Patches are small pieces of code that are designed to fix bugs, enhance functionality, or improve security in software applications. They are typically released by software developers to address specific issues or make minor changes to the software without requiring a complete update or reinstall. Patches are essential for maintaining the performance and stability of software systems and are regularly released by developers to ensure that their products remain up-to-date and reliable.
30.
What is the simplest and most efficient way to duplicate a computer's software, with no loss of files or configurations within the programs?
Correct Answer
D. Imagining software
Explanation
Imaging software is the simplest and most efficient way to duplicate a computer's software without any loss of files or configurations within the programs. Imaging software allows users to create an exact copy or image of the entire computer system, including the operating system, installed programs, and user data. This image can then be easily restored onto another computer or the same computer in case of any issues or when setting up multiple systems with the same software configuration.
31.
How many byte sectors is a hard disk divided into?
Correct Answer
C. 512
Explanation
A hard disk is divided into 512 byte sectors. This is a standard sector size used in most modern hard drives. Each sector is a small unit of storage that can hold data. By dividing the hard disk into sectors, it allows for efficient organization and retrieval of data.
32.
The first sector at the beginning of a hard drive is called the master
Correct Answer
D. Boot record
Explanation
The first sector at the beginning of a hard drive is called the boot record. This sector contains important information about the file system and the operating system installed on the hard drive. During the boot process, the computer reads this sector to initiate the loading of the operating system. It also contains instructions on how to locate the operating system files and start the booting process.
33.
A formatted disk partition that is used for particular file system is called
Correct Answer
C. A volume
Explanation
A formatted disk partition that is used for a particular file system is called a volume. A volume is a logical storage unit that can be assigned a drive letter and accessed by the operating system. It represents a separate storage space on a disk and can be formatted with a specific file system, such as NTFS or FAT32, to organize and manage files and folders.
34.
Which file system is the best choice for data storage if the server is dedicated Windows server?
Correct Answer
A. NTFS
Explanation
NTFS is the best choice for data storage on a dedicated Windows server because it offers advanced security features, supports larger file sizes and volumes, provides better performance and reliability, and has built-in support for features like encryption and compression. FATS, on the other hand, is an older file system that lacks many of these features and is more suitable for older systems or removable storage devices. Therefore, the correct answer is NTFS.
35.
What physical structure component is a collection of IP subnet ranges?
Correct Answer
A. Site
Explanation
A site is a physical structure component that represents a collection of IP subnet ranges. It is used to define the physical locations of network resources and allows for efficient network traffic management by grouping together devices that are in close proximity to each other. Sites are commonly used in larger network infrastructures to optimize network performance and provide better user experiences by reducing latency and improving bandwidth utilization.
36.
By default, the first domain controller in active directory service is a
Correct Answer
C. Global catalog
Explanation
The first domain controller in active directory service is a global catalog. The global catalog is a distributed data repository that contains a partial copy of all objects in every domain within a forest. It is used to facilitate searching and locating objects in a multi-domain environment.
37.
Which of these is a disadvantage of client-server networks?
Correct Answer
C. Managing servers requires a dedicated staff
Explanation
Managing servers requires a dedicated staff is a disadvantage of client-server networks. This means that organizations need to allocate resources and personnel specifically for the task of managing servers, which can be costly and time-consuming. This disadvantage highlights the need for skilled IT professionals to handle server maintenance, updates, and troubleshooting, adding to the overall complexity and cost of maintaining a client-server network.
38.
What type of remote network provides a private tunnel through public cloud (the Internet)?
Correct Answer
A. VPN
Explanation
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a type of remote network that provides a private tunnel through the public cloud, which is the Internet. It allows users to securely access and transmit data over the internet by encrypting the connection between the user's device and the VPN server. This ensures that the data remains private and protected from unauthorized access or interception. VPNs are commonly used by individuals and organizations to establish secure connections and protect sensitive information while accessing the internet remotely.
39.
What form of remote network access is often the only choice for rural or remote areas?
Correct Answer
A. Dial-up
Explanation
Dial-up is often the only choice for rural or remote areas because it uses existing telephone lines to establish a connection. These areas may not have access to high-speed internet options like broadband or wireless due to infrastructure limitations. Dial-up provides a basic and slow internet connection by dialing a phone number and connecting to an internet service provider. While it may be outdated and slower compared to other options, it remains a viable choice for areas where other forms of remote network access are not available.
40.
What does Wi-Fi use to carry network signals to the network access point?
Correct Answer
B. Radio waves
Explanation
Wi-Fi uses radio waves to carry network signals to the network access point. Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation that can transmit data wirelessly through the air. Wi-Fi devices, such as routers and smartphones, use radio waves to communicate with each other and provide internet connectivity. These radio waves are transmitted at various frequencies and can travel through walls and other obstacles, allowing for wireless network connections within a certain range.
41.
What item below is not found in the Active Directory structure?
Correct Answer
D. Wi-Fi
Explanation
The Active Directory structure is a hierarchical framework used to organize and manage resources in a network environment. It includes domains, which are logical groupings of objects, and forests, which are collections of multiple domains. Objects refer to various entities like users, computers, and groups that are stored within the Active Directory. However, Wi-Fi is not a component or item that is typically found within the Active Directory structure. Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology used to connect devices to a network, but it is not directly related to the organization and management of resources within the Active Directory.
42.
What is configured to provide or deny users access to service on a local computer or on the local network/domain?
Correct Answer
A. Profile
Explanation
Profiles are configured to provide or deny users access to services on a local computer or on the local network/domain. A profile contains a set of rules and settings that determine what resources and services a user can access. By configuring profiles, administrators can control user access to specific services, such as file sharing, printing, or internet access. Profiles can be set up at the local computer level or at the domain level, allowing administrators to manage access permissions for multiple users across a network or domain.
43.
User accounts are uniquely identified by the
Correct Answer
B. SID
Explanation
User accounts are uniquely identified by the SID (Security Identifier). The SID is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to each user account by the operating system. It is used to identify and authenticate the user account when accessing resources on a network or system. The SID remains the same even if the user account is renamed or moved to a different domain, making it a reliable identifier for the user account.
44.
Groups in Active Directory are directory
Correct Answer
D. Objects
Explanation
In Active Directory, groups are considered as objects. Objects are the fundamental building blocks in Active Directory and can represent various entities such as users, computers, printers, and groups. Groups are used to organize and manage collections of users, providing a convenient way to assign permissions, apply policies, and simplify administrative tasks. Therefore, in the context of Active Directory, groups are classified as objects.
45.
Members of this group have full control of the server or individual workstations and can assign user rights and access control permissions
Correct Answer
C. Local Administrators
Explanation
Local Administrators have full control of the server or individual workstations and can assign user rights and access control permissions. They have the highest level of administrative privileges on a local machine, allowing them to manage all aspects of the system, including installing software, modifying system settings, and managing user accounts. This group is typically used for managing the local resources of a specific machine and does not have control over domain-wide resources.
46.
Which item resides on a domain controller and provides access to network resources throughout the domain?
Correct Answer
B. Domain groups
Explanation
Domain groups reside on a domain controller and provide access to network resources throughout the domain. Domain groups are created and managed at the domain level, allowing administrators to grant permissions and access to multiple users across the network. By adding users to domain groups, administrators can easily control access to various resources such as files, folders, printers, and applications. This centralized management simplifies the process of granting and revoking access rights, ensuring efficient and secure network resource management.
47.
What is used to organize different types of accounts into manageable units?
Correct Answer
C. A group
Explanation
A group is used to organize different types of accounts into manageable units. By grouping accounts together, it becomes easier to manage and administer permissions and access control settings for multiple accounts at once. This allows for more efficient management of user privileges and simplifies the process of granting or revoking access to resources or services.
48.
What is installed on a computer to act as the interface between the computer and network?
Correct Answer
A. NIC
Explanation
A Network Interface Card (NIC) is installed on a computer to act as the interface between the computer and the network. It is a hardware component that allows the computer to connect to a network and communicate with other devices on the network. The NIC provides the necessary physical connection and protocols for data transmission between the computer and the network, enabling the computer to send and receive data over the network.
49.
What is the unique identification number a NIC provides to a personal computer?
Correct Answer
A. MAC address
Explanation
A NIC (Network Interface Card) provides a unique identification number known as a MAC address (Media Access Control address) to a personal computer. This address is assigned to the network adapter by the manufacturer and is used to identify the device on a network. The MAC address is a combination of six pairs of hexadecimal digits, separated by colons or hyphens. It is unique to each network interface and is used for communication within a local area network (LAN).
50.
How many connector interfaces does a NIC provide for network cables?
Correct Answer
D. 4
Explanation
A NIC (Network Interface Card) provides four connector interfaces for network cables. These interfaces are commonly known as Ethernet ports or RJ-45 ports. Each port can be used to connect a network cable, allowing the NIC to establish multiple network connections simultaneously. This is useful in scenarios where multiple devices need to be connected to a network using a single NIC.