1.
What is the shape of the Earth?
Correct Answer
A. An oblate spHeroid
Explanation
The correct answer is an oblate spheroid. This means that the shape of the Earth is not a perfect sphere, but rather slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This shape is a result of the Earth's rotation, which causes the equator to experience a centrifugal force that pushes outward. The oblate spheroid shape is supported by scientific measurements and observations, such as the curvature of the Earth's surface and the way gravity acts on different parts of the planet.
2.
What river runs through Baghdad?
Correct Answer
B. Tigris
Explanation
The Tigris River runs through Baghdad. Baghdad is the capital city of Iraq and is located on the eastern bank of the Tigris River. The Tigris River is one of the two main rivers in Iraq, the other being the Euphrates River. These two rivers have historically played a significant role in the development of civilization in the region, including the ancient Mesopotamian civilizations.
3.
What is the driest place on Earth?
Correct Answer
C. McMurdo, Antarctic
Explanation
McMurdo, Antarctic is not the driest place on Earth. The correct answer is Atacama, Chile. The Atacama Desert is known as the driest place on Earth, with extremely low levels of rainfall and a lack of vegetation due to its arid conditions. McMurdo, Antarctic is a research station located in Antarctica, but it does not have the same dry climate as the Atacama Desert.
4.
Which countries does the Sahara desert cover?
Correct Answer
D. 11
Explanation
The Sahara desert covers 11 countries.
5.
What country has the most coastline?
Correct Answer
A. Canada
Explanation
Canada has the most coastline because it is the second-largest country in the world by land area and has a vast northern coastline along the Arctic Ocean. Additionally, Canada is also bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, further contributing to its extensive coastline.
6.
What is the only continent with land in all four hemispheres?
Correct Answer
B. Africa
Explanation
Africa is the only continent with land in all four hemispheres because it is located at the equator, which divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Additionally, Africa extends into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, as it stretches from the prime meridian to the 45th meridian east. This geographical positioning allows Africa to have land in all four hemispheres.
7.
What is the oldest active volcano on Earth?
Correct Answer
C. Mount Etna
Explanation
Mount Etna is the oldest active volcano on Earth. It is located on the east coast of Sicily, Italy. Mount Etna has a long history of volcanic activity, with its first recorded eruption dating back to around 1500 BC. It is one of the most active volcanoes in the world, with frequent eruptions occurring throughout its history. The volcano is known for its distinctive shape and large size, with a height of over 3,300 meters. Its continuous activity and historical significance make Mount Etna the oldest active volcano on Earth.
8.
What is the fastest flowing river in the world?
Correct Answer
A. Amazon
Explanation
The Amazon River is considered the fastest flowing river in the world due to its high volume of water and steep gradient. With an average discharge of approximately 209,000 cubic meters per second, it carries more water than any other river. The river's flow is also influenced by the heavy rainfall in the Amazon basin, contributing to its fast speed. Additionally, the Amazon has a relatively straight course, allowing the water to flow quickly without significant obstacles or bends.
9.
What is the earliest known walled city?
Correct Answer
D. Jericho
Explanation
Jericho is considered the earliest known walled city because archaeological evidence suggests that it was fortified as early as 8000 BCE. Excavations have revealed a series of walls built on top of each other over thousands of years, indicating the continuous occupation and development of the city. This makes Jericho one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world and showcases the early human efforts to protect settlements through the construction of walls.
10.
What is the capital of Serbia?
Correct Answer
C. Belgrade
Explanation
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and has a rich history dating back to ancient times. Belgrade is a major cultural, economic, and political center in the Balkans.