1.
What is "anatomy"
Correct Answer
C. The study of the structure of the body
Explanation
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, including the relationships between different body parts and how they function together. It involves examining the organs, tissues, bones, and other structures that make up the human body. This field of study is important for understanding how the body works and for diagnosing and treating medical conditions. The other options, such as the study of the function of the body or the study of ants, do not accurately describe the meaning of anatomy.
2.
Anatomy can be described as:
Correct Answer
C. Focuses on the exact form, position, size/relationship of a healthy human body
Explanation
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the human body, including its form, position, size, and relationship between different body parts. It specifically focuses on understanding the healthy human body and its various systems, organs, and tissues. This field of study examines the precise details and arrangements of the body's structures, providing insights into how they function and interact with each other.
3.
Humans are made up of
Correct Answer
A. Atoms
Explanation
Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter, including the matter that makes up humans. Atoms combine to form molecules, which then make up organelles, cells, and ultimately genes. Therefore, atoms are the correct answer as they are the smallest unit of matter that make up humans and everything else in the universe.
4.
Atoms come together in various combinations to give us
Correct Answer
C. Molecules
Explanation
Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. They combine in different ways to form molecules, which are made up of two or more atoms bonded together. Molecules can be found in all living organisms, including cells, which are the basic units of life. Mitosis is a cellular process that involves the division and replication of cells. Herpes, on the other hand, is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. Therefore, out of the given options, molecules are the most appropriate answer as atoms combine to form molecules.
5.
All of these molecules are part of our make-up except:
Correct Answer
B. Chlorine
Explanation
Chlorine is not a molecule that is naturally part of our make-up. While water, vitamins, and minerals are essential components of our bodies, chlorine is not. Chlorine is a chemical element that is commonly used in disinfectants and water treatment, but it is not a necessary component for our biological processes.
6.
What is a collection of cells with a similar function working together called?
Correct Answer
D. Tissue
Explanation
A collection of cells with a similar function working together is called tissue. Tissues are groups of cells that perform a specific function in an organism. They can be found in various parts of the body and are responsible for carrying out specific tasks such as providing support, transporting nutrients, or facilitating communication between different parts of the body. Examples of tissues include muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and connective tissue.
7.
What is a collection of different tissues that work together toward a common goal called?
Correct Answer
C. Organ
Explanation
An organ is a collection of different tissues that work together toward a common goal. Tissues are groups of cells with similar structures and functions, and when these tissues come together, they form an organ. Organs perform specific functions in the body and are essential for the overall functioning and survival of an organism. Therefore, an organ is the correct answer as it best describes a collection of different tissues working together.
8.
A collection of organs that work together is a/an
Correct Answer
B. Organ system
Explanation
An organ system is a collection of organs that work together to perform specific functions in the body. Each organ within the system has a specific role, and they cooperate to ensure the overall well-being and functionality of the body. This includes systems like the respiratory system, digestive system, and circulatory system, among others. The term "organelle" refers to a structure within a cell, not a collection of organs. "Molecule" is a term used to describe the smallest unit of a chemical compound, and "team" does not accurately describe a collection of organs.
9.
What is a collection of organ systems within a living being called?
Correct Answer
A. Organisms
Explanation
A collection of organ systems within a living being is called an organism. An organism is a complete living entity that can carry out all the necessary life processes, including growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli. It is composed of different organ systems, such as the respiratory system, circulatory system, and digestive system, working together to maintain the overall functioning and survival of the organism.
10.
Levels of structural organization
Correct Answer
D. Molecules->cells->tissues->organs->organ systems->organism
Explanation
The correct answer is molecules->cells->tissues->organs->organ systems->organism. This is the correct sequence of levels of structural organization in living organisms. Molecules are the smallest units of matter, which combine to form cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of life, which then organize to form tissues. Tissues work together to form organs, and organs work together to form organ systems. Finally, all the organ systems together make up an organism.
11.
The anatomical position is all of these except
Correct Answer
B. Feet apart
Explanation
The anatomical position refers to the standard position of the body used as a reference point in anatomy. In this position, the feet are typically together, not apart. Therefore, "feet apart" is the correct answer as it does not align with the anatomical position.
12.
Superior is
Correct Answer
A. Toward the head
Explanation
The term "superior" refers to something that is located or positioned higher or above another object or point of reference. In anatomical terms, "superior" is used to describe a location or direction towards the head or upper part of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "toward the head".
13.
Inferior is
Correct Answer
D. Away from the head
Explanation
The word "inferior" typically means lower in quality, rank, or status. In this context, "away from the head" can be seen as the opposite or opposite direction of "towards the head." Therefore, "away from the head" can be inferred as the correct answer because it aligns with the meaning of "inferior" in relation to direction.
14.
Ventral (anterior) is
Correct Answer
A. Towards the front of the body
Explanation
The term "ventral" refers to the front or anterior side of the body. It is used to describe a position or direction that is closer to the front of the body. In anatomical terms, the ventral side is opposite to the dorsal side, which is towards the back of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "towards the front of the body."
15.
Dorsel (posterior) is
Correct Answer
B. Towards the back of the body
Explanation
Dorsel (posterior) refers to the backside or the rear of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "towards the back of the body."
16.
Medial is
Correct Answer
C. Towards the midline of the body
Explanation
The term "medial" refers to a position or direction that is closer to the midline of the body. In anatomical terms, the midline is an imaginary line that divides the body into left and right halves. Therefore, "towards the midline of the body" is the correct answer as it accurately describes the meaning of the term "medial".
17.
Lateral is
Correct Answer
D. Away from the midline of the body
Explanation
The correct answer is "away from the midline of the body." Lateral refers to a position or direction that is situated or moving away from the midline of the body. In anatomical terms, the midline refers to an imaginary line that divides the body into left and right halves. Therefore, when something is described as lateral, it means it is positioned or moving towards the outer side or away from the midline of the body.
18.
Intermediate is
Correct Answer
B. Between a more medial and a more lateral structure
Explanation
Intermediate refers to a position or state that is between two extremes or opposing sides. In this context, it implies the presence of overlap between a structure that is more medial (closer to the midline of the body) and a structure that is more lateral (further away from the midline). This overlap suggests that the intermediate structure lies in a middle position between the two. It is important to note that this intermediate position is above the junior level but below the senior level, indicating a hierarchical arrangement.
19.
Proximal is
Correct Answer
C. Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body of the trunk
Explanation
The term "proximal" refers to a location that is close to the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body of the trunk. In other words, it describes a position that is nearer to the center of the body or the starting point of a limb. This term is commonly used in anatomy to describe the relative position of body parts or structures.
20.
Distal is
Correct Answer
A. Father from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Explanation
The correct answer is "father from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk." This means that the term "distal" refers to a location that is further away from the starting point or the point of attachment. It is the opposite of "proximal," which refers to a location that is closer to the starting point or the point of attachment.
21.
Superficial (external) is
Correct Answer
A. Toward, or the body surface
Explanation
The term "superficial" refers to something that is towards or on the body surface. In the context of cosmetic surgery, it implies procedures that are focused on enhancing the appearance of the face rather than altering deeper structures. Therefore, the correct answer is "toward, or the body surface."
22.
Deep (internal) is
Correct Answer
C. Away from the body surface
Explanation
Deep (internal) refers to something that is located further inside the body, away from the body surface. In contrast, something that is superficial is closer to the body surface. Therefore, the term "away from the body surface" accurately describes the meaning of deep (internal).
23.
The process in which the body attempts to keep every internal variable relatively constant (i.e. chemicals, nutrients, moisture, temperature)
Correct Answer
C. Homeostasis
Explanation
Homeostasis is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which the body maintains a stable internal environment by regulating various variables such as chemicals, nutrients, moisture, and temperature. It involves a complex network of feedback mechanisms that work together to keep these variables within a narrow range, allowing cells and organs to function optimally. Mitosis is the process of cell division, horomone balance is not related to the body's attempt to keep internal variables constant, and cytosis is not a recognized biological process.
24.
The forehead is ____ to the nose
Correct Answer
A. Superior
Explanation
The correct answer is "superior." In anatomical terms, "superior" refers to a position above or higher than another structure. In this case, the forehead is positioned above the nose, making it the superior structure.
25.
The navel is _____ to the breastbone
Correct Answer
D. Inferior
Explanation
The navel is located below or inferior to the breastbone.
26.
The breastbone is _____ to the spine
Correct Answer
C. Anterior (ventral)
Explanation
The breastbone is located in front of (anterior to) the spine.
27.
The heart is ____ to the breastbone
Correct Answer
A. Posterior (dorsel)
Explanation
The heart is positioned towards the back of the body, specifically towards the posterior side. It is located behind the breastbone, also known as the sternum. The term "dorsel" is another word for posterior, so it is the correct answer in this context.
28.
The heart is ____ to the arm
Correct Answer
D. Medial
Explanation
The heart is located closer to the midline of the body compared to the arm. The term "medial" refers to a position that is closer to the midline or center of the body. In this case, the heart is considered medial to the arm because it is located more towards the center of the body, while the arm is further away from the midline.
29.
The arms are ____ to the chest
Correct Answer
C. Lateral
Explanation
The arms are positioned away from the center of the body, towards the sides. This is known as the lateral position.
30.
The collarbone is ____ between the breastbone and the shoulder
Correct Answer
C. Intermediate
Explanation
The correct answer is "intermediate" because the collarbone, also known as the clavicle, is located between the breastbone (sternum) and the shoulder (scapula). It is positioned in the middle, neither too deep nor too superficial, making "intermediate" the most appropriate choice.
31.
The elbow is ____ to the wrist
Correct Answer
A. Proximal
Explanation
The term "proximal" refers to a position that is closer to the center of the body or a specific reference point. In this case, the elbow is closer to the center of the body than the wrist, making it proximal to the wrist.
32.
The knee is ____ to the thigh
Correct Answer
A. Distal
Explanation
The knee is distal to the thigh because the term "distal" refers to a location that is further away from the point of attachment or origin. In this case, the knee is further away from the point of attachment to the body than the thigh, making it the correct answer.
33.
The skin is ____ to the skeleton
Correct Answer
B. Superficial
Explanation
The skin is described as "superficial" in relation to the skeleton because it is the outermost layer of the body and lies above the bones. The term "superficial" refers to something being closer to the surface or external, which accurately describes the relationship between the skin and the skeleton.
34.
The lungs are ____ to the rib cage
Correct Answer
C. Deep
Explanation
The lungs are deep to the rib cage because they are located within the thoracic cavity, behind the rib cage. The term "deep" refers to a structure being situated further inside the body, away from the surface. In this case, the lungs are deeper than the rib cage, which means they are positioned more internally.
35.
The integumentary system is:
Correct Answer
D. Skin
Explanation
The integumentary system is responsible for protecting the body from external threats and maintaining homeostasis. It includes the skin, hair, nails, and glands. The skin is the largest organ of the body and serves as a barrier against pathogens, UV radiation, and dehydration. It also helps regulate body temperature and excretes waste through sweat. Therefore, the correct answer is skin.
36.
The skeletal system is all except
Correct Answer
D. Tissue
Explanation
The skeletal system is composed of cartilage, joints, and bones, which are all connective tissues. Tissue, on the other hand, refers to a group of cells that have a similar structure and function. Therefore, tissue is not a part of the skeletal system, but rather a broader term that encompasses various types of cells and their organization in the body.
37.
Which system collects fluids from around cells and tissues and returns it to the blood
Correct Answer
C. LympHatic system
Explanation
The lymphatic system is responsible for collecting fluids from around cells and tissues and returning it to the blood. It consists of a network of vessels, lymph nodes, and organs that help in the circulation of lymph fluid. This system plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance in the body, as well as in immune function by filtering out harmful substances and producing white blood cells.
38.
The endocrine system
Correct Answer
B. Produces horomones
Explanation
The endocrine system is responsible for producing hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various bodily functions and processes, such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood. These hormones are secreted by glands within the endocrine system and released into the bloodstream, where they travel to target cells or organs to elicit a specific response. Therefore, the correct answer is "produces hormones."
39.
The cardiovascular system is
Correct Answer
C. Blood
Explanation
The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products to and from the cells. It also helps regulate body temperature and pH balance. Without blood, the body's cells would not receive the necessary oxygen and nutrients, leading to organ failure and ultimately death. Therefore, blood is an essential component of the cardiovascular system.
40.
The respiratory system is
Correct Answer
A. Exchange of gas, lungs
Explanation
The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. This process occurs in the lungs, where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled. The lungs provide a large surface area for efficient gas exchange to occur. The other options mentioned, such as nerves, blood, and digestion, are not directly related to the respiratory system's main function of gas exchange.
41.
Necessary life functions include all except
Correct Answer
A. Food
Explanation
The necessary life functions include maintaining boundaries, movement, and growth and reproduction. Food is not considered a necessary life function because it is a source of energy and nutrients that support these functions, but it is not a function itself.
42.
The nervous system, bone and skeletal muscle work together so we can
Correct Answer
C. Move
Explanation
The nervous system, bone, and skeletal muscle work together to enable movement. The nervous system sends signals to the skeletal muscles, which then contract and relax to produce movement. The bones provide a framework and support for the muscles to attach to, allowing for coordinated movement. Without the integration of these systems, our bodies would not be able to perform voluntary movements such as walking, running, or lifting objects.
43.
Why might the body reproduce cells or have cells divide
Correct Answer
A. Injury
Explanation
The body reproduces cells or has cells divide in response to injury. When the body is injured, such as through a cut or a broken bone, cell division is necessary for the healing process. New cells are produced to replace damaged or dead cells, allowing the body to repair the injured tissue. This is a vital mechanism for maintaining the overall health and functionality of the body.
44.
These are the 3 planes that divide a body except
Correct Answer
B. Dorsal
Explanation
The three planes mentioned in the question, axial, sagittal, and coronal, are all anatomical planes that divide the body into different sections. However, the term "dorsal" refers to the back or posterior side of the body, rather than a specific plane of division. Therefore, it does not belong to the group of planes mentioned in the question.
45.
Axial (transverse) plane
Correct Answer
C. Splits the body along a horizontal axis
Explanation
The axial (transverse) plane splits the body along a horizontal axis. This means that it divides the body into upper and lower portions. It is a horizontal plane that is perpendicular to the sagittal and coronal planes. This plane is commonly used in medical imaging to obtain cross-sectional views of the body.
46.
Sagittal plane
Correct Answer
D. Splits the body between left and right
Explanation
The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into left and right halves. It is an anatomical term used to describe the specific orientation of a cut or section made through the body. This plane is commonly used in medical imaging and anatomical studies to visualize and understand the structures and organs within the body.
47.
Coronal plane
Correct Answer
C. Splits the body between front and back
Explanation
The coronal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions. It is also known as the frontal plane. This plane is perpendicular to the sagittal plane, which divides the body into left and right portions. Therefore, the correct answer is that the coronal plane splits the body between front and back.
48.
The 3 body cavities are all except
Correct Answer
C. Proximal cavities
Explanation
The correct answer is "proximal cavities." The question asks about the three body cavities, and the options given are dorsal cavities, ventral cavities, proximal cavities, and abdominal cavities. Dorsal and ventral cavities are two of the main body cavities, with the dorsal cavity located towards the back of the body and the ventral cavity located towards the front. However, proximal cavities are not a recognized term for body cavities. The abdominal cavity is a specific cavity within the ventral cavity, so it is not part of the answer.
49.
Dorsal cavities include
Correct Answer
B. Cranial and spinal cavities (brain, spinal cord)
Explanation
The correct answer is cranial and spinal cavities because these are the specific cavities that house the brain and spinal cord. The other options mentioned, such as thoracic and abdominal-pelvic cavities, limbs, and skin, hair, and nails, are not considered dorsal cavities. The dorsal cavities are located on the posterior side of the body and primarily protect and support the central nervous system.
50.
Ventral cavities include
Correct Answer
A. Thoracic and abdominal-pelvic, separated by the diapHragm (heart, lungs)
Explanation
The correct answer is thoracic and abdominal-pelvic cavities, separated by the diaphragm, which contain the heart and lungs. These cavities are located in the ventral region of the body, meaning they are towards the front or belly side. The thoracic cavity houses the heart and lungs, while the abdominal-pelvic cavity contains organs such as the stomach, liver, intestines, and reproductive organs. The diaphragm acts as a barrier between these two cavities, allowing for the proper functioning and protection of the organs within each cavity.