1.
Define hoplite.
Correct Answer
A. Heavily armed infantryman or foot soldier
Explanation
The correct answer is "heavily armed infantryman or foot soldier." A hoplite was a type of ancient Greek soldier who fought on foot and was known for their heavy armor and weaponry. They played a crucial role in Greek warfare, particularly during the classical period. The hoplites formed the backbone of the Greek army and were organized in a phalanx formation, which involved soldiers marching shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation, creating a wall of shields.
2.
Heaviliy armed infantrymen or foot soldiers are known as __________.
Correct Answer
A. Hoplites
Explanation
Hoplites were heavily armed infantrymen or foot soldiers in ancient Greece. They were known for their distinctive armor, including a large round shield, a spear, and a bronze helmet. Hoplites fought in a formation called a phalanx, where they would line up shoulder to shoulder, creating a wall of shields and spears. This formation provided them with protection and allowed them to push forward as a unified force. Spartans were a famous group of hoplites known for their military prowess and discipline. Cavalry, on the other hand, refers to soldiers on horseback and is not the correct answer in this context.
3.
Define ostracism.
Correct Answer
A. The process for temporarily banning ambitious politicians from the city by popular vote
Explanation
Ostracism refers to the process of temporarily banning ambitious politicians from the city by popular vote. This means that if a politician is deemed too ambitious or powerful, the citizens can vote to banish them from the city for a specific period of time. This practice was common in ancient Greece as a way to prevent any individual from becoming too powerful and potentially threatening the democratic system.
4.
Athenians devised the practice of ________ to protect themselves against overly ambitious politicians.
Correct Answer
A. Ostracism
Explanation
Athenians devised the practice of ostracism to protect themselves against overly ambitious politicians. Ostracism allowed the citizens to vote on whether to exile a politician for a period of ten years. This practice was aimed at preventing the rise of tyrants or dictators who could potentially threaten the democratic system. By giving the people the power to remove individuals who posed a threat to their freedom and democracy, ostracism served as a safeguard against the concentration of power in the hands of a few.
5.
In order to know the will of the gods, the Greeks consulted a(n) _________.
Correct Answer
A. Oracle
Explanation
The Greeks consulted an oracle in order to know the will of the gods. The oracle was a person or a place believed to be able to communicate with the gods and provide guidance or predictions. Delphi is a famous example of an oracle in ancient Greece, known for its temple dedicated to Apollo and the Pythia, the priestess who delivered the prophecies. A festival is a celebration or event, and a temple is a religious building.
6.
Define oracle.
Correct Answer
A. A sacred shrine where a god or goddess was said to reveal the future through a priest or priestess
Explanation
The correct answer is "a sacred shrine where a god or goddess was said to reveal the future through a priest or priestess." This definition accurately describes what an oracle is in ancient Greek culture. Oracles were considered to be sacred places where individuals could seek guidance and insight into the future through the intermediation of a priest or priestess who acted as a conduit for the gods or goddesses. The oracle would provide prophetic messages and advice to those who sought their wisdom.
7.
Define philosophy.
Correct Answer
A. An organized system of thought
Explanation
Philosophy is defined as an organized system of thought. It refers to the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, and more. It involves critical thinking, analysis, and reasoning to understand and explore various aspects of life and the world. Philosophy seeks to provide a framework for understanding and interpreting the world around us and our place in it. It involves examining concepts, beliefs, and principles to gain insights into the nature of reality and the human experience.
8.
_________ comes from the Greek word that means "love of wisdom."
Correct Answer
A. pHilosopHy
Explanation
The word "philosophy" comes from the Greek word that means "love of wisdom." This is because philosophy is the study and pursuit of knowledge and understanding, particularly in areas such as ethics, logic, and metaphysics. It involves asking fundamental questions about the nature of reality, existence, and human existence. Therefore, "philosophy" is the correct answer as it aligns with the meaning of the Greek word and accurately describes the field of study.
9.
What helped to make Greek city-states fiercely independent?
Correct Answer
A. The pHysical geograpHy
Explanation
The physical geography of Greece, with its mountainous terrain and numerous islands, played a significant role in making Greek city-states fiercely independent. The mountains acted as natural barriers, isolating each city-state and making it difficult for outside forces to invade or exert control. The presence of islands also contributed to the independence, as it allowed for the development of separate communities with their own unique identities. Additionally, the rugged landscape made communication and transportation challenging, further reinforcing the independence of each city-state.
10.
How did the physical geography of Greece affect the Greeks?
Correct Answer
A. It helped to make their city-states fiercely independent.
Explanation
The physical geography of Greece, with its mountainous terrain and numerous islands, made it difficult for a centralized government to control the entire region. As a result, the Greeks developed independent city-states, each with its own government, laws, and culture. This geographical isolation fostered a sense of autonomy and self-governance among the Greeks, leading to the development of fiercely independent city-states.
11.
Which Greek civilization was a military state focused on the art of war?
Correct Answer
A. Sparta
Explanation
Sparta was a Greek civilization that was known for its military state and its focus on the art of war. The Spartans were renowned for their disciplined and highly trained army, which played a crucial role in their dominance over other Greek city-states. The entire society of Sparta revolved around military training and warfare, with the goal of producing strong and skilled soldiers. This emphasis on military strength and discipline set Sparta apart from other Greek civilizations, making it the correct answer to the question.
12.
Which of the following best describes Sparta?
Correct Answer
A. A city-state that valued alliances with other cultures
13.
How did the Cleisthenes' giving Athenian assembly a central political role affect Athens?
Correct Answer
A. They created the foundation for democracy in Athens.
Explanation
Cleisthenes giving the Athenian assembly a central political role affected Athens by creating the foundation for democracy. This means that the power to make decisions and govern was given to the people, rather than being concentrated in the hands of a few individuals. This shift towards democracy allowed for greater participation and representation of the citizens in the political process, leading to a more inclusive and egalitarian society.
14.
How did Cleisthenes create the foundation for the democracy in Athens?
Correct Answer
A. By giving the Athenian assembly a central political role
Explanation
Cleisthenes created the foundation for democracy in Athens by giving the Athenian assembly a central political role. This means that he empowered the assembly, which was made up of all male citizens, to participate in decision-making and have a say in the governance of the city-state. By doing so, Cleisthenes ensured that the power was not concentrated in the hands of a few aristocrats or elites, but was distributed among the citizens, promoting a more inclusive and participatory form of government. This central political role of the assembly was a crucial step towards the establishment of democracy in Athens.
15.
How did Greeks react to the threat of the Persian Empire?
Correct Answer
A. They set aside their differences and became allies.
Explanation
During the threat of the Persian Empire, the Greeks reacted by setting aside their differences and forming alliances. This was a strategic move to unite their forces and defend against the common enemy. By putting aside their internal conflicts and joining forces, the Greeks were able to strengthen their defense and increase their chances of successfully resisting the Persian invasion. This unity among the Greeks played a crucial role in their eventual victory over the Persian Empire.
16.
What brought Sparta and Athens together as allies?
Correct Answer
A. The threat of the Persian Empire
Explanation
The correct answer is the threat of the Persian Empire. The Persian Empire posed a common enemy and threat to both Sparta and Athens, which led them to form an alliance. They recognized the need to unite in order to defend themselves against the Persians and protect their own interests. This alliance allowed them to combine their military forces and resources, ultimately leading to their victory in the Persian Wars.
17.
Who benefited from the power struggles of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes?
Correct Answer
A. pHilip II of Macedonia
Explanation
Philip II of Macedonia benefited from the power struggles of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes. During this time, these city-states were engaged in conflicts and wars, weakening each other and creating a power vacuum. Philip II seized this opportunity to expand his own kingdom and influence over Greece. He used diplomacy, military tactics, and alliances to gradually conquer and unify the Greek city-states under his rule. This allowed him to establish the Macedonian Empire and lay the foundation for his son, Alexander the Great, to later conquer much of the known world.
18.
Who was Philip II?
Correct Answer
A. King of ancient Macedonia
Explanation
Philip II was the king of ancient Macedonia. He is known for his military achievements and for expanding the territory of Macedonia. He successfully conquered Persia, Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Bactria, and the Punjab, establishing a vast empire. His reign also saw significant cultural and political developments in Macedonia.
19.
Who defined the subject of logic?
Correct Answer
A. Aristotle
Explanation
Aristotle is credited with defining the subject of logic. He was a Greek philosopher who made significant contributions to various fields of study, including logic. Aristotle's work in logic laid the foundation for the discipline and established many of the fundamental principles that are still used today. His writings on logic, particularly in his work "Organon," provided a comprehensive framework for reasoning and argumentation, making him the most influential figure in the development of the subject.
20.
Which of the following is true of Aristotle?
Correct Answer
A. He defined the subject of logic.
Explanation
Aristotle defined the subject of logic. This means that he established the principles and methods of reasoning and argumentation, which are fundamental to the study of logic. Aristotle's work in logic laid the foundation for the field and greatly influenced subsequent philosophers and scholars in their understanding and development of logical reasoning.
21.
Who was Aristotle?
Correct Answer
D. ALL OF THESE!!!
Explanation
Aristotle was a philosopher who is considered one of the greatest in ancient Athens. He was a pupil of Plato and later became the teacher of Alexander the Great. Therefore, the correct answer is "ALL OF THESE!!!" as all the given statements accurately describe Aristotle.
22.
Who was Aeschylus?
Correct Answer
A. The father of Greek tragic drama
Explanation
Aeschylus is known as the father of Greek tragic drama because he was one of the earliest and most influential playwrights in ancient Greece. He is credited with introducing many important elements of tragedy, such as the use of multiple actors and the inclusion of dialogue and music. Aeschylus's plays, such as "The Oresteia" and "Prometheus Bound," were highly innovative and set the foundation for the development of tragic drama in Western literature. His works explored themes of justice, fate, and the relationship between humans and the gods, making him a significant figure in the history of Greek literature and theater.
23.
Who was Sophocles?
Correct Answer
A. The second of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose work has survived
Explanation
Sophocles was one of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose work has survived. He was known for his contributions to the development of Greek tragedy and is considered one of the greatest playwrights of all time. His plays, such as "Oedipus Rex" and "Antigone," continue to be studied and performed today, showcasing his mastery of dramatic storytelling and exploration of complex themes.
24.
What do Aeschylus and Sophocles have in common?
Correct Answer
A. They wrote tragedies.
Explanation
Aeschylus and Sophocles have in common the fact that they both wrote tragedies. This means that they were playwrights who focused on creating dramatic works that explored the human condition through stories of suffering and loss. Tragedy was a popular genre in ancient Greece, and both Aeschylus and Sophocles made significant contributions to its development and popularity. Their works continue to be studied and performed today, showcasing their lasting impact on the world of theater.
25.
How did Alexander benefit from being brought on military campaigns by his father?
Correct Answer
A. He became better prepared for kingship.
Explanation
Alexander benefited from being brought on military campaigns by his father because it helped him become better prepared for kingship. By participating in military campaigns, Alexander gained firsthand experience in strategy, leadership, and warfare, which were essential skills for a future king. He learned valuable lessons and developed the necessary qualities to effectively govern and lead his own army. This experience would prove crucial in his later conquests and his establishment of one of the largest empires in history.
26.
How did Alexander's father prepare him for kingship?
Correct Answer
A. By bringing him on military campaigns
Explanation
Alexander's father prepared him for kingship by bringing him on military campaigns. This experience exposed Alexander to the realities of war and allowed him to develop strategic thinking, leadership skills, and a deep understanding of military tactics. By witnessing his father's military successes and learning from experienced commanders, Alexander gained invaluable knowledge and practical skills that would later prove crucial in his own conquests as a king.
27.
Who was Alexander's father?
Correct Answer
A. pHilip II
Explanation
Alexander's father was Philip II.
28.
What was Alexander's cultural legacy?
Correct Answer
A. His strong skills as a military leader
29.
ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS OF GREECE:
|MINOANS | MYCENEANS | SPARTANS | ATHENIANS
LOCATION| Crete | Peloponnese | Peloponnese | Attica
VALUES | sports, nature | heroic deeds | discipline, military arts | philosophy, art
TRADE | sea trading empire | pottery | trade discouraged | pottery
Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the table?
Correct Answer
A. The Spartans had more in common with the Mycenaeans than with the other civilizations.
Explanation
The information in the table shows that the Spartans shared the value of discipline and military arts with the Mycenaeans, while the Minoans and Athenians had different values. This suggests that the Spartans had more in common with the Mycenaeans than with the other civilizations.
30.
What two Greek civilizations had the most in common?
Correct Answer
A. Spartans and Mycenaeans
Explanation
Spartans and Mycenaeans had the most in common because they both were ancient Greek civilizations. They shared similar cultural and historical backgrounds, as well as a militaristic society. Both civilizations were known for their military prowess and their emphasis on warfare. Additionally, they both had a hierarchical social structure and practiced a form of government where power was concentrated in the hands of a few individuals. The Mycenaeans were an early Greek civilization that flourished around 1600-1100 BCE, while the Spartans were a prominent city-state in ancient Greece known for their military strength and discipline.
31.
A Greek dramatist would most likely be a citizen of which of the following?
Correct Answer
A. Athens
Explanation
A Greek dramatist would most likely be a citizen of Athens because Athens was known as the cultural and intellectual center of ancient Greece. It was the birthplace of drama, with famous playwrights like Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides emerging from this city. Athens had a thriving theater culture and held annual festivals dedicated to theatrical performances, such as the Dionysia. Therefore, it can be inferred that a Greek dramatist would be more likely to reside and work in Athens, where they would have access to a supportive audience and the resources necessary for their craft.
32.
Complete this table.
Correct Answer
A. CLICK HERE!!!
Explanation
Your table should have looked like this:
33.
How did the formation of the Delian League give proof to the saying that strength lies in unity?
Correct Answer
A. The Delian League provided a democratic forum for all Greek city-states.
Explanation
The formation of the Delian League gave proof to the saying that strength lies in unity because it provided a democratic forum for all Greek city-states. By coming together and forming an alliance, the city-states were able to pool their resources, military power, and political influence. This allowed them to effectively resist external threats, such as the Persian Empire, and maintain their independence. The democratic nature of the league also ensured that decisions were made collectively and represented the interests of all member states, further strengthening their unity and ability to act as a cohesive force.
34.
What did the Mycenaeans and Spartans have in common?
Correct Answer
A. Location and values
Explanation
The Mycenaeans and Spartans shared both location and values. Both civilizations were located in ancient Greece, with Mycenaeans being centered in the region of Mycenae and Spartans in the city-state of Sparta. Geographically, they were in close proximity to each other. Additionally, they shared similar cultural and societal values, such as a strong emphasis on military prowess, discipline, and loyalty to the state. These values were ingrained in both societies and played a significant role in shaping their respective histories and achievements.
35.
When did the Greek civilizations begin to unite?
Correct Answer
A. When the Macedonians invaded Greece
Explanation
When the Macedonians invaded Greece, the Greek civilizations began to unite. The invasion of Greece by the Macedonians, led by Philip II and later his son Alexander the Great, marked the beginning of a period of political and cultural unity among the Greek city-states. The Macedonian conquests resulted in the establishment of the Hellenistic period, during which Greek culture spread throughout the conquered territories and influenced the development of various civilizations. This unification under Macedonian rule played a significant role in shaping the history and legacy of ancient Greece.
36.
Who did The Great Peloponnesian War involve?
Correct Answer
A. Athens and Sparta
Explanation
The Great Peloponnesian War involved Athens and Sparta. This war was fought between the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta, from 431 to 404 BC. The conflict arose due to a power struggle and rivalry between these two dominant states. Athens, known for its naval strength and democratic government, was supported by its allies, while Sparta, known for its military prowess and oligarchic government, led the Peloponnesian League. The war resulted in the defeat of Athens and the decline of its power, marking the end of the Athenian Golden Age.
37.
Just before the Great Peloponnesian War (and after the defeat of the Persians) what civilizations did Greece consist of?
Correct Answer(s)
C. Sparta
D. Athens
Explanation
Before the Great Peloponnesian War and after the defeat of the Persians, Greece consisted of the civilizations of Sparta and Athens. Sparta was known for its militaristic society and emphasis on discipline and strength, while Athens was renowned for its democracy, philosophy, and cultural achievements. These two city-states were the most powerful and influential in Greece during this time period. Other civilizations like Minoan, Mycenae, and Thebes were significant in earlier periods but did not play a major role during the time specified in the question.
38.
What event blinded the major Greek states to the threat of Macedonia?
Correct Answer
A. The Great Peloponnesian War
Explanation
The Great Peloponnesian War, which occurred from 431 to 404 BC, was a devastating conflict between Athens and Sparta, the two major Greek states at the time. This war consumed the attention and resources of both states, causing them to become preoccupied with their own internal struggles and rivalries. As a result, they failed to recognize the growing threat posed by Macedonia, a kingdom to the north. This blindness to the Macedonian threat ultimately allowed Macedonia, under the leadership of Philip II and later his son Alexander the Great, to conquer Greece and establish a new empire.
39.
By colonizing, what was most likely the plan of the Greeks?
Correct Answer
A. The Greeks relied heavily on their navy.
Explanation
The Greeks relied heavily on their navy because they were a seafaring civilization and had a strong naval force. This allowed them to explore and establish colonies in various parts of the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions. Their naval power also played a significant role in their military strategies and defense against rival civilizations.
40.
What did Homer say about the city of Troy?