AP Human Geography Development (Rubenstein) Practice Test
This test is from An Introduction to Human Geography by James M. Rubenstein. This is about the Development chapter of the textbook.
NOTE: All textbooks concerning human geography or are related to the course or used for the course of Human Geography are compatible with this textbook by Rubenstein.
- 1.
What is the relationship between troubles with development in the Middle East and Israel?
- 2.
Describe self-sufficiency; its positives and negatives.
- 3.
Describe the problems of the International Trade option.
- 4.
Which region of the world would have the lowest HDI?
- A.
Anglo-America
- B.
South Pacific
- C.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- D.
Middle East
- E.
Latin America
Correct Answer
C. Sub-Saharan AfricaExplanation
Anglo-America and the South Pacific are incorrect because they are more developed regions. In Latin America, there are only a few countries with an HDI of less than 0.7, while every other country in that region does. In the Middle East, there is only one country with an HDI of less than 0.5, while every other country in that region does. Sub-Saharan Africa has many countries with an HDI less than 0.5 with no countries with an HDI over 0.69. (Page 293 Map)Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which country has the highest HDI in the world in recent years?
- A.
United States
- B.
United Kingdom
- C.
Norway
- D.
Australia
- E.
Canada
Correct Answer
C. NorwayExplanation
Norway has had the highest HDI in recent years with an HDI of 0.963. (Page 293)Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which is not the main factor in creating the HDI?
- A.
Health Expenditure
- B.
Literacy Rate
- C.
Education
- D.
Gross Domestic Product per capita
- E.
Life Expectancy
Correct Answer
A. Health ExpenditureExplanation
Health Expenditure values are not added to the HDI. The other four are added. (Page 293)Rate this question:
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- 7.
To get the GDP, geographers get the incomes of everyone working in the country and average them together.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
To get the GDP, geographers find the value of the total goods and products created by a country, and divide it by the population. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the average GDP per capita for MDCs?
- A.
Below $1000
- B.
About $1000
- C.
About $4000
- D.
About $27000
- E.
About $40000
Correct Answer
D. About $27000Explanation
The average GDP per capita for MDCs is $27000. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the average GDP per capita for LDCs?
- A.
Below $1000
- B.
About $1000
- C.
About $2500
- D.
About $4000
- E.
About $5000
Correct Answer
D. About $4000Explanation
The average GDP per capita for LDCs is $4000. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 10.
Numerically, the GDP per capita rose more in MDCs than in LDCs from 1990 to 2005.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The GDP per capita for MDCs rose $10000 while it only rose $4000 in LDCs. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 11.
As a percentage, the GDP per capita rose more in MDCs than in LDCs from 1990 to 2005.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Although the GDP per capita rose more numerically in MDCs, the GDP per capita as a percentage rose more in LDCs because the value of the GDP per capita in 1990 wasn't much to start with anyway. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 12.
The GDP per capita of all LDCs grow at the same rate.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
China's GDP per capita rose much faster than most African countries. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 13.
If a country has a very high GDP, that means every citizen is living in a luxurious state.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
There are still poor people in countries with high GDP per capita. There are also wealthy people in countries with low GDP per capita. (Page 294)Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it known as? (Capitalization does not matter)
Correct Answer
productivity, ProductivityExplanation
Page 295Rate this question:
- 15.
What is the gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy known as? (Capitalization does not matter)
Correct Answer
value added, Value Added, Value added, value AddedExplanation
Page 295Rate this question:
- 16.
What has enabled MDCs to produce materials with a high value added? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Machines
- B.
Tools
- C.
Laziness
- D.
Animal Power
- E.
Equipment
Correct Answer(s)
A. Machines
B. Tools
E. EquipmentExplanation
MDCs have technological improvements, so mechanical products assist in producing for the countries. (Page 295)Rate this question:
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- 17.
What kind(s) of power do LDCs depend on for production of resources?
- A.
Solar
- B.
Human
- C.
Animal
- D.
Machine
- E.
Hydroelectric
Correct Answer(s)
B. Human
C. AnimalExplanation
LDCs do not have technological improvements, so they are not able to use solar panels, machines, or turbines. (Page 295)Rate this question:
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- 18.
European countries get resources from the ground. To ensure that there is an adequate supply of raw materials, what did the countries do?
- A.
They stole from other European countries
- B.
They formed colonies in Africa and Asia
- C.
They mass produced resources with a cloning machine
- D.
They made slaves work in the mines and at logging camps
- E.
They did nothing
Correct Answer
B. They formed colonies in Africa and AsiaExplanation
Africa and Asia held many supplies of raw materials, so they were able to provide the European countries with them. (Page 295)Rate this question:
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- 19.
LDCs are able to benefit from selling raw materials to MDCs.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The income from selling raw materials provides money for development. (Page 295)Rate this question:
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- 20.
Technological improvements diffused from _________________ areas to __________________ areas in LDCs. (Put a semicolon (;) and a space between the two words) (Capitalization does not matter)
Correct Answer
urban; rural, Urban; rural, urban; Rural, Urban; RuralExplanation
Technology was used in urban areas of LDCs before they started diffusing to the rural areas. (Page 296)Rate this question:
- 21.
What is/are the social factor(s) of the HDI? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Education
- B.
Income
- C.
Health Expenditure
- D.
Literacy
- E.
Calorie Intake
Correct Answer(s)
A. Education
D. LiteracyExplanation
Income is an economic factor. Health expenditure and calorie intake are used to compare MDCs and LDCs. (Page 297-298)Rate this question:
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- 22.
What is/are the demographic factor(s) of the HDI? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Life Expectancy
- B.
Infant Mortality Rate
- C.
Natural Increase Rate
- D.
Crude Birth Rate
- E.
Crude Death Rate
Correct Answer
A. Life ExpectancyExplanation
Life expectancy is the only value that is inserted to calculate a country's HDI. The others are only used to compare MDCs and LDCs. (Page 299-300)Rate this question:
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- 23.
The world is divided by a line that runs from the east to the west at about 30° north latitude into two regions in which MDCs take the northern section and the LDCs take the southern section. Which more developed region does not follow this description?
- A.
East Asia
- B.
South Asia
- C.
Middle East
- D.
Eastern Europe
- E.
South Pacific
Correct Answer
E. South PacificExplanation
East Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East are all less developed regions. Eastern Europe is a more developed region but it is above 30° north latitude. The South Pacific is not only not above 30° north latitude but also below 30° south latitude. (Page 301 Map)Rate this question:
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- 24.
Anglo-Americans speak ________________ and adhere to _______________________. (Place a semicolon (;) and a space between the terms (ex. a; b)) (Capitalization DOES matter)
Correct Answer
English; ChristianityExplanation
Page 302Rate this question:
- 25.
Anglo-America is the world's largest manufacturer.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Anglo-America was the world's largest manufacturing, but now Japan, Western Europe, and China have surpassed Anglo-America as the world's largest manufacturer. (Page 302)Rate this question:
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- 26.
Western Europeans speak a(n) ______________________ (name of a language family, branch, or group) language and adhere to __________________________. (Place a semicolon (;) and a space between the terms (ex. a; b)) (Capitalization DOES matter)
Correct Answer
Indo-European; Christianity, Indo European; ChristianityExplanation
There is uniformity because the people speak languages from the same language family and adhere to one type of religion, but there are many branches of both. This creates conflict in this region. (Page 302)Rate this question:
- 27.
What two wars have resulted from the multiple nationalities in Western Europe? (Place a semicolon (;) and a space between the terms (ex. a; b)) (Do not use abbreviations, spell the terms out)
Correct Answer
World War 1; World War 2, World War I; World War IIExplanation
Page 302Rate this question:
- 28.
What kind of people have been offsetting the cultural uniformity that has been in place since the end of World War 2? (Both are needed, separated by the word "and") (Capitalization does matter)
Correct Answer
Hindus and Muslims, Muslims and HindusExplanation
Western Europeans blame Hindus and Muslims for the economic problems in the region. (Page 302)Rate this question:
- 29.
What is the main reason that Western European countries produce high value goods and services?
- A.
To show off they are better than the rest of the world
- B.
To allow for their citizens to live a luxurious life while the rest of the world lives in poverty
- C.
To pay for importation of raw materials
- D.
To provide the leaders with luxury items
Correct Answer
C. To pay for importation of raw materialsExplanation
Western Europe relies on the imports of raw materials from other countries, especially food. Therefore, to pay for the resources, it exports high value goods. (Page 302)Rate this question:
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- 30.
The HDI has dropped in Eastern Europe since 1990, when the index was created by the UN.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Eastern Europe is the only region in which the HDI has dropped since 1990. (Page 302)Rate this question:
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- 31.
What did the Soviets emphasize to the countries in Eastern Europe that could possibly improve development rates? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Heavy industry, such as machines
- B.
Transportation
- C.
Mining and other primary sector jobs
- D.
Spread of factories to lessen the vulnerability of vital industries
- E.
Locate manufacturing sites near raw materials
- F.
Locate manufacturing sites near customers
- G.
Give priority to producing customer goods
Correct Answer(s)
A. Heavy industry, such as machines
B. Transportation
C. Mining and other primary sector jobs
D. Spread of factories to lessen the vulnerability of vital industries
E. Locate manufacturing sites near raw materialsExplanation
The Gosplan developed 5-year plans that helped plan each country's road to development and made goals for each country's development. (Page 303)Rate this question:
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- 32.
Eastern European countries rejected the Soviet plan because they had experienced central planning before. What did they experience before? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Scarce funds were used for long term investments
- B.
Eastern Europe did not have efficient agricultural practices
- C.
They had to import much food from other regions
- D.
The government often checked the factories
- E.
The orders sent from the government were often not put into effect
- F.
There was much pollution
- G.
The government tried to control the pollution, so the factories were not that efficient
Correct Answer(s)
B. Eastern Europe did not have efficient agricultural practices
C. They had to import much food from other regions
E. The orders sent from the government were often not put into effect
F. There was much pollutionExplanation
Scarce funds were used for short term projects, so there was not enough money to be spent on long term investments such as technology.
The government did not have time to check all of the factories.
The citizens did not try to pressurize their government into controlling the pollution rates.
(Page 303)Rate this question:
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- 33.
Japan has a very high ______________________ density. (Capitalization does not matter)
Correct Answer(s)
physiological, PhysiologicalExplanation
Japan has a very high population to resources ratio. The land is intensely farmed upon. (Page 304)Rate this question:
- 34.
Japanese people are abundant and work at very low wages to provide high-quality, high-value products.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Page 304Rate this question:
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- 35.
Japan spends twice as much money as the United States on research and development.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Page 305Rate this question:
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- 36.
Austrailia and New Zealand were colonies of which country?
- A.
United States
- B.
France
- C.
Germany
- D.
Japan
- E.
United Kingdom
Correct Answer
E. United KingdomExplanation
More than 90% of the population of Australia and New Zealand are descendants of British settlers. (Page 305)Rate this question:
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- 37.
What two languages do most Latin Americans speak? (Check two)
- A.
English
- B.
Spanish
- C.
Portuguese
- D.
Spanglish
- E.
Brazilian
Correct Answer(s)
B. Spanish
C. PortugueseExplanation
Most Latin Americans speak Spanish and Portuguese. Spanish is the most widely spoken language in Latin America, with the majority of countries using it as their official language. Portuguese is primarily spoken in Brazil, which is the largest country in Latin America. While English may be spoken by some Latin Americans, it is not as widely spoken as Spanish and Portuguese in the region. Spanglish is a hybrid language that combines Spanish and English, but it is not as commonly spoken as the other two languages. Brazilian is not a language, but rather refers to the nationality or language spoken in Brazil, which is Portuguese.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Latin Americans tend to live in ________________ areas, unlike all other less developed regions. (Capitalization does not matter)
Correct Answer(s)
urban, UrbanExplanation
Mexico City, São Paulo, and Buenos Aires are three of the top ten largest cities in the world, and they are found in this region. (Page 305)Rate this question:
- 39.
China has had the world's largest population through recorded history.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Page 305Rate this question:
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- 40.
What retailer does China have a bond with? (Capitalization does matter)
Correct Answer
Wal-Mart, Wal Mart, WalMart, Walmart, Wal-mart, Wal martExplanation
Page 305Rate this question:
- 41.
What is/are the main global effect(s) of having a large population working in factories under low wages producing low-cost products? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Getting larger populations
- B.
Building more factories
- C.
Lowering wages
- D.
Lowering product costs produced by other factories
Correct Answer(s)
C. Lowering wages
D. Lowering product costs produced by other factoriesExplanation
Page 305Rate this question:
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- 42.
What is the main resource found in the Middle East that the countries in that region use to sell to MDCs for a profit? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Petroleum
- B.
Gold
- C.
Diamonds
- D.
Uranium
Correct Answer
A. PetroleumExplanation
Page 306-307Rate this question:
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- 43.
All Middle Eastern countries are able to gain profits off of petroleum.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Petroleum reserves are not found everywhere in the Middle East. Note that when Kuwait was invaded by Iraq in 1990, most people in the Middle East did not have sympathy for it. (Page 307)Rate this question:
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- 44.
What did the UN create that helped create information based on the lack of resources for women in the Middle East? (Acronym and what it stands for; separated by semicolon and space) (Capitalization does matter)
Correct Answer
AHDI; Alternative Human Development Index, AHDI; Alternative human development indexExplanation
Page 307Rate this question:
- 45.
What is the most populous country in Southeast Asia?
- A.
China
- B.
India
- C.
Indonesia
- D.
Vietnam
- E.
Thailand
- F.
Philippines
Correct Answer
C. IndonesiaExplanation
Page 307Rate this question:
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- 46.
What does this region produce that boosts its development?
- A.
Food
- B.
Services
- C.
Tourist Attractions
- D.
Textiles
- E.
Nuts
Correct Answer
D. TextilesExplanation
Page 308Rate this question:
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- 47.
What is needed for agriculture every year in South Asia?
- A.
Green Revolution
- B.
Monsoon Rains
- C.
Fertile Soil
- D.
Foreign Aid
Correct Answer
B. Monsoon RainsExplanation
Monsoon rains are needed EVERY YEAR for successful harvests. The Green Revolution occurred only once, and that provided "miracle" seeds. Fertile soil is there because of the volcanic ash, but it is not needed to grow crops.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What does India provide the most?
- A.
Manufactured goods
- B.
Services
- C.
Food
- D.
Textiles
Correct Answer
B. ServicesExplanation
Page 308Rate this question:
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- 49.
What does GDI stand for? (Capitalization does matter)
Correct Answer
Gender-Related Development Index
Gender Related Development Index
Gender-related Development Index
Gender-related development index
Gender related development indexExplanation
Page 309Rate this question:
- 50.
What does GEM stand for? (Capitalization does matter)
Correct Answer
Gender Empowerment Measure
Gender empowerment measureExplanation
Page 309Rate this question:
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