Atoms And The Periodic Table Period 4 Quiz
Explore the fascinating world of atoms and the periodic table with our Atoms and the Periodic Table Period 4 Quiz! This comprehensive quiz will challenge your understanding of the elements in Period 4, their unique properties, and how they relate to atomic structure and periodic trends.
Do you know why potassium (K) is highly reactive while zinc (Zn) is relatively stable? Can you identify the trend in atomic radius across Period 4? Our quiz covers these essential topics and more, testing your knowledge of electron configurations, group characteristics, and elemental properties.
Perfect for students preparing for exams, chemistry Read moreenthusiasts, or anyone curious about the elements, this quiz will guide you through the foundational principles of atomic theory and periodic trends. Each question is carefully curated to help reinforce your understanding of Period 4 elements, their electron arrangements, and chemical behaviors.
Whether you're looking to improve your chemistry knowledge or explore the periodic table in more detail, the Atoms and the Periodic Table Period 4 Quiz is the perfect challenge. Take it now and see how well you understand these elements!
Atoms and the Periodic Table Period 4 Questions and Answers
- 1.
Why was Dalton's atomic theory accepted more than Democritus's theory?
- A.
Dalton was more wealthy and respected
- B.
Dalton was of English decent and not Greek
- C.
Dalton's model had evidence to support it
- D.
People were ready for change
Correct Answer
C. Dalton's model had evidence to support itExplanation
Dalton's atomic theory was accepted more than Democritus's theory because Dalton's model had evidence to support it. This means that Dalton's theory was based on experimental observations and scientific evidence, which made it more credible and convincing to the scientific community. In contrast, Democritus's theory lacked the same level of experimental evidence and was more based on philosophical reasoning. Therefore, Dalton's theory was more widely accepted due to its empirical foundation.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Is the following image an accurate depiction of Dalton's atomic model?
- A.
Yes. It accurately depicts subatomic particles
- B.
No. Dalton's model did not have subatomic particles
Correct Answer
B. No. Dalton's model did not have subatomic particlesExplanation
Dalton's atomic model, proposed in the early 19th century, described atoms as indivisible and indestructible particles. According to his model, atoms were the basic building blocks of matter and did not contain any subatomic particles such as protons, neutrons, or electrons. Therefore, the given image cannot be an accurate depiction of Dalton's atomic model as it shows subatomic particles, which were not included in his model.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which two subatomic particles are located in the nucleus?
- A.
Protons and electrons
- B.
Electrons and megatrons
- C.
Neutrons and protons
- D.
Neutrons and electrons
Correct Answer
C. Neutrons and protonsExplanation
Neutrons and protons are located in the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons have no charge and are responsible for adding mass to the nucleus, while protons have a positive charge and determine the atomic number of an element. Electrons, on the other hand, are located in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Megatrons, on the other hand, are not subatomic particles and do not exist in the context of atomic structure.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which particle has a negative charge?
- A.
Electron
- B.
Proton
- C.
Neutron
Correct Answer
A. ElectronExplanation
Electrons are particles that have a negative charge. They are found outside the nucleus of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions and electricity. Protons, on the other hand, have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. Therefore, the correct answer is electron.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What is the charge of a proton?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
Neutral
Correct Answer
A. PositiveExplanation
A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It carries a positive charge, which is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the negative charge carried by an electron. This positive charge is what allows protons to attract and hold the negatively charged electrons in an atom, creating a stable structure.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is the charge of a neutron?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
Neutral
Correct Answer
C. NeutralExplanation
Neutrons are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They do not have a charge, meaning they are electrically neutral. Unlike protons, which have a positive charge, and electrons, which have a negative charge, neutrons have no charge at all. This neutrality allows them to interact with other particles in unique ways, contributing to the stability of atomic nuclei.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What does the atomic number tell you?
- A.
The number of neutrons in the nucleus
- B.
An atom's mass
- C.
The number of protons in the nucleus
- D.
The moles of atom equivalent to 6.022 x 10^23
Correct Answer
C. The number of protons in the nucleusExplanation
The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It is a unique identifier for each element and determines its position on the periodic table. The number of protons also determines the element's chemical properties and its place in the periodic table. Therefore, the atomic number provides essential information about an atom's identity and characteristics.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which particle is by far the smallest?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer
C. ElectronExplanation
The electron is by far the smallest particle among the given options. Protons and neutrons are both subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Electrons have a much smaller mass compared to protons and neutrons, making them significantly smaller in size.Rate this question:
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- 9.
This model has electrons orbiting the nucleus like planets around the sun?
- A.
Dalton's Model
- B.
Democritus's Model
- C.
Bohr's Model
- D.
Modern Atomic Model
Correct Answer
C. Bohr's ModelExplanation
Bohr's Model is the correct answer because it is based on the concept of electrons orbiting the nucleus in specific energy levels, much like planets orbiting the sun. This model was proposed by Niels Bohr in 1913 and it played a significant role in understanding the behavior of electrons in atoms. According to Bohr's Model, electrons occupy discrete energy levels and can jump between them by absorbing or emitting energy. This model successfully explained the stability of atoms and the emission and absorption spectra observed in experiments.Rate this question:
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- 10.
According to Bohr's model of the atom the 3rd energy level can only hold up to 8 electrons?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
According to Bohr's model of the atom, the 3rd energy level can hold a maximum of 18 electrons, not 8. This is because the 3rd energy level has 3 sublevels (s, p, and d), each with different orbital shapes and capacities. The s sublevel can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the p sublevel can hold a maximum of 6 electrons, and the d sublevel can hold a maximum of 10 electrons. Therefore, the total capacity of the 3rd energy level is 2 + 6 + 10 = 18 electrons.Rate this question:
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- 11.
How many electrons can be found in the S orbitals?
- A.
2
- B.
8
- C.
10
- D.
12
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
The S orbitals can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. This is because the S orbital is the first energy level and has only one subshell, which can accommodate a maximum of 2 electrons according to the Pauli exclusion principle.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which trend in metallic character is observed across a period in the periodic table?
- A.
Increases from left to right
- B.
Decreases from left to right
- C.
Remains constant
- D.
Decreases then increases
Correct Answer
B. Decreases from left to rightExplanation
As you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table, metallic character decreases due to increasing electronegativity and ionization energy. Non-metals are found to the right of the periodic table, while metals are found to the left.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Does Neon or Radon have a lower ionization energy?
- A.
Neon
- B.
Radon
Correct Answer
B. RadonExplanation
Radon has a lower ionization energy compared to Neon. Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Radon, being a larger atom with more electron shells, has a higher shielding effect and weaker attraction between the protons and the outermost electrons. This makes it easier to remove an electron from Radon, resulting in a lower ionization energy compared to Neon.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which section of the periodic table would have the highest atomic radius??
- A.
Bottom left corner
- B.
Upper left corner
- C.
Upper right corner
- D.
Bottom right corner
Correct Answer
A. Bottom left cornerExplanation
The bottom left corner of the periodic table corresponds to the elements in the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals groups. These elements have the highest atomic radius because they have the highest number of energy levels and the fewest protons in the nucleus. As you move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic radius increases because there are more energy levels, which leads to a larger atomic size.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The Periodic Law states that when atoms are arranged by the number of protons they show a pattern of chemical and physical properties.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The Periodic Law is a fundamental principle in chemistry that states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. This means that as the number of protons in an atom increases, there is a regular repetition of chemical and physical properties. This pattern is observed in the periodic table, where elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. Therefore, the statement that the Periodic Law states that when atoms are arranged by the number of protons they show a pattern of chemical and physical properties is true.Rate this question:
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- 16.
When an atom loses an electron it has an overall _________ charge and is called a(n) _____________
- A.
Positive, anion
- B.
Positive, cation
- C.
Negative, anion
- D.
Negative, cation
Correct Answer
B. Positive, cationExplanation
When an atom loses an electron, it has an overall positive charge because it now has more protons than electrons. This positively charged atom is called a cation.Rate this question:
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- 17.
When an atom gains an electron it has an overall _________ charge and is called a(n) _____________
- A.
Positive, anion
- B.
Positive, cation
- C.
Negative, anion
- D.
Negative, cation
Correct Answer
C. Negative, anionExplanation
When an atom gains an electron, it has an overall negative charge because the number of electrons is now greater than the number of protons. This type of atom is called an anion.Rate this question:
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- 18.
When an atom loses or gains an electron it undergoes....
- A.
Orbital splitting
- B.
Ionization
- C.
Electron configuration
- D.
Molar mass
Correct Answer
B. IonizationExplanation
When an atom loses or gains an electron, it undergoes ionization. Ionization refers to the process of forming an ion by adding or removing electrons from an atom. This process can result in the formation of a positively charged ion (cation) when an atom loses an electron or a negatively charged ion (anion) when an atom gains an electron. Ionization plays a crucial role in various chemical reactions and is essential for the formation of compounds.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Atoms go through ionization to get a full outer shell of electrons.
- A.
False
- B.
True
Correct Answer
B. TrueExplanation
Atoms go through ionization to get a full outer shell of electrons. Ionization occurs when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in the formation of ions. This process helps atoms achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gasses, which have a full outer shell. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 20.
An atom of Helium has a full outer shell of 8 electrons. T/F
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
An atom of helium has a full outer shell of only 2 electrons, not 8. Helium is in the first period of the periodic table and its electron configuration is 1s2, meaning it has 2 electrons in its outermost shell.Rate this question:
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- 21.
How many electrons are in 1 neutral atom of Radon?
- A.
86
- B.
222
- C.
308
- D.
136
Correct Answer
A. 86Explanation
Radon is a chemical element with the atomic number 86, which indicates the number of protons in its nucleus. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, so there are 86 electrons in one neutral atom of Radon.Rate this question:
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- 22.
How many neutrons are in 1 neutral atom of Radon-222?
- A.
86
- B.
222
- C.
308
- D.
136
Correct Answer
D. 136Explanation
Radon is a chemical element with atomic number 86. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Since the element is neutral, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. The atomic mass of Radon is 222, which represents the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To find the number of neutrons, we subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass: 222 - 86 = 136. Therefore, there are 136 neutrons in one neutral atom of Radon.Rate this question:
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- 23.
An isotope is when an atom has the same number of protons but a different number of electrons. T/F
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
An isotope is when an atom has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, not electrons. Isotopes have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass numbers (number of protons + neutrons). Therefore, the statement that an isotope is when an atom has the same number of protons but a different number of electrons is false.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Calculate the Average atomic mass of the three isotopes of Neon.
- A.
20.085
- B.
21.01
- C.
22.00
- D.
20.187
Correct Answer
D. 20.187Explanation
The average atomic mass of an element is calculated by taking the weighted average of the masses of its isotopes, where the weights are the relative abundance of each isotope. In this case, the given answer 20.187 is likely the result of calculating the average atomic mass of Neon using the masses of its three isotopes (20.085, 21.01, and 22.00) and their respective abundances. However, without the specific abundances of each isotope, it is not possible to provide a more detailed explanation.Rate this question:
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- 25.
This family of elements is highly reactive with water and has only 1 valence electron.
- A.
Alkali Metals
- B.
Halogens
- C.
Transition Metals
- D.
Noble Gases
Correct Answer
A. Alkali MetalsExplanation
Alkali metals are highly reactive with water because they have only 1 valence electron. This electron is easily lost, resulting in the formation of a positive ion. The reactivity of alkali metals increases as you move down the periodic table because the outermost electron is further away from the positively charged nucleus, making it easier to remove. This reactivity with water is evident in their vigorous reaction, often producing hydrogen gas and forming alkaline solutions.Rate this question:
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- 26.
This family of elements is found in the earth's crust and goes through ionization to get a charge of +2
- A.
Alkali Metals
- B.
Alkaline Earth Metals
- C.
Noble Gases
- D.
Semiconductors
Correct Answer
B. Alkaline Earth MetalsExplanation
Alkaline Earth Metals are a family of elements found in the earth's crust that have a charge of +2 when they undergo ionization. These elements include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium. They are called alkaline earth metals because they are less reactive than alkali metals but still have similar properties. Alkaline earth metals have two valence electrons and readily lose these electrons to form a +2 charge.Rate this question:
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- 27.
This family of elements has a full outer shell of electrons and does not react with any other element
- A.
Alkali Metals
- B.
Halogens
- C.
Noble Gases
- D.
Semisonductors
Correct Answer
C. Noble GasesExplanation
Noble gasses have a full outer shell of electrons, meaning they have achieved a stable electron configuration. This makes them highly stable and unreactive with other elements. Due to their full outer shells, noble gasses do not readily gain, lose, or share electrons with other elements, making them chemically inert. This characteristic of noble gasses explains why they do not react with any other element.Rate this question:
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- 28.
This family of elements often forms anions and is highly reactive with the alkali metals to get a full outer shell
- A.
Transition Metals
- B.
Halogens
- C.
Alkali Metals
- D.
Noble Gases
Correct Answer
B. HalogensExplanation
Halogens are a family of elements that often form anions and are highly reactive with alkali metals to achieve a full outer shell. This is because halogens only need one more electron to complete their outer shell, and they can easily gain this electron by accepting it from alkali metals. This reaction allows both the halogens and alkali metals to achieve a more stable electron configuration, making halogens highly reactive with alkali metals.Rate this question:
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.gif "Is the following image an accurate depiction of Dalton's atomic model?")
.jpg "Which particle has a negative charge?")
.webp "What is the charge of a neutron?")
.jpg "Atoms go through ionization to get a full outer shell of electrons.")
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