Trivia Facts And Questions On Mechanisms Of Visual Attention! Quiz

__________ (increase/decrease) sensitivity to certain stimuli and __________ (increase/decrease) sensitivity to other information. 

A child looking at a Where's Waldo book would be peforming what kind of visual search?  

• Perpendicular search

• Parallel search

• Serial search

• Rapid search

Which of the following is not a visual attention test?

• Symbol digit modality

• Test of Silent Word Reading

• Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)

• Trail making test

What area of the brain is typically involved in a case of Balint Syndrome?

• Temporal

• Parietal

• Frontal

• Occipital

In 2003 Green and Bevalier conducted a study comparing video game players and non-video game players on spatial and temporal attention tasks. According to the results of that experiment which one of the following statement is most correct?

• Younger children showed the most improvement after playing the first person shooter games, thus allowing them to conclude that attention was learned at an early age

• The found that non-video gamers who played first person shooter games improved and concluded that attention mechanisms have plasticity to them and therefore can be altered or improved

• There was no difference in the attentional mechanism between the video gamers and the non-video gamers.

• Attentional blinking increased in non-video gamers while it stayed stagnant in the seasoned video gamers.

The tendency to mislocated stimuli presented on the affected to the non-affected side is referred to as what characteristic?

• Extinction

• Anosognosia

• Allesthesia

• Change Blindness

Patients with visual neglect who had damage in the right parietal lobe will tend not to pay attention to the _____(right or left) side.

What statement is false regarding visual attention?

• Visual attention refers to how much visual information we process

• Paying close attention to one task results in loss of attention to other tasks

• Visual search procedures are a clinical assessment of visual attention in which you must find a target among certain distractors.

• All of the above are true

Attentional blink: 

• Difficulty perceiving & responding to a 2nd target amid a rapid stream of targets

• Observers tend not to notice that a letter or word they are looking for has been repeated

Select the false statement

• In normal corresponding system the objective angle and subjective angle are going to be equal.

• Point zero will be where the fixated target falls on the retina of the deviated eye.

• Correspondence is a retinal phenomenon

• There are two ways to measure the angle of anomaly: directly using afterimages or by measuring the objective angle and subtracting it from the subjective angle

Anomalous correspondence

• The condition in which two foveas and other homologous retinal loci do not correspond to each other in regard to visual direction.

• The locus of all points in visual space that are imaged on corresponding points in each eye when the eyes are converged at fixed location

• When two targets (one presented to each eye) are perceived as lying in the same visual direction

• Points in space seen as equidistant will not stimulate motor fusion.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of anomalous correspondence ( AC ) 

• The patient is capable of making large fusional vergence movements to prism

• Unharmonious anomalous correspondence means the angel of anomaly has not shifted all the way to that zero point. It’s somewhere b/t the fovea and that zero point. So you can think of it as an incomplete adaptation.

• It allows a rudimentary form of binocular coordination

• Utrocular vision

• In unharmonious AC the angle of the anomaly and the objective angle are equal.

You do a cover test on your patient and get 12 eso and then you choice the von Grafe test and your patient sees alignment at 6 eso. What is their correspondence status?

• Harmonious

• Normal

• Unharmonious

• Irregular

You place a red lens on the right eye of an esotropia with unharmonious anomalous correspondence. What kind of diplopia will they have?

• Crossed diplopia

• Uncrossed diplopia

With confusion, if I stimulate a normal corresponding system and give two foveas two different targets, they’ll see them at the same point in space.

• True

• False

In an anomalous corresponding system, how are the foveas related to one another?

• The foveas were never connected even in a normal corresponding system

• The are intermittently connected in an anomalous corresponding system

• The foveas are no longer hooked up in an anomalous corresponding system

• The foveas begin connected at the beginning of the day but with prolonged use they become disconnected in an anomalous corresponding system

Your patient has a right esotropia. You decide to directly measure their angle of an anomaly.  You present horizontal after image to the left fovea, vertical after image to the right fovea. In this scenario, the left fovea will hook up with point zero of the right fovea. What does your patient report seeing?

• Patient will perceive vertical after image, which is going to project out nasally (to the right). And the horizontal line will be here (to the left of the vertical line).

• Patient will perceive vertical after image, which is going to project out temporal (to the left). And the horizontal line will be to the right of the vertical line.

• The patient will perceive a perfectly aligned cross

• The patient will perceive the vertical line displaced superior compared to the horizontal line

Which of the following does not apply/support Burian's Sensory Theory.

• Adaptation happened during the critical period where there was a lot of plasticity in the neurological system and so it would make sense for the system to develop a mechanism to deal with the diplopia and confusion that would come about from strabismus.

• As proof for the Sensory theory Burian used strabismic patients that have early onset strabismus who developed AC. If you have an older pt with 6th nerve anomaly they don’t get AC. But if you have a pt with early strab onset (in first 2 years of life) during the critical period they tended to develop AC.

• The sensory theory not only successfully explains confusion and diplopia but it also explains co-variation and therefore it is the prevailing explanation for AC

Select the false statement 

• In a normal corresponding system the fovea would go through where the visual axis would cross.

• Flom found that esotropes with AC had a fairly typical horopter curve shape in the periphery, as it approached the fovea the horopter started to change and switch over to a normal corresponding system

• Flom hypothesized that the horopter notch could prevent the patient from fusing the targets because it creates a large skew in the horopter like the geometric effect.

• Flom tested esotrope with normal correspondence they have a curve with a negative H value so it’s inside the V-M circle.

All of the following are characteristics of fixation disparity except: 

• 6 to 12 minutes of arc

• Occurs as a result of Panum’s fusional area

• Most intense at fovea and zero measure point

• Depends of type of stimulus, larger for lower spatial frequencies.

Of the following tests to measure fixation disparity which test does NOT measure fixation disparity directly? 

• Mallet Unit

• Sheedy disparometer

• Saladin Card

• Wesson Card

Vision training would result in what kind of change to the slope of a FD curve? 

• Go from a steeper curve to a flatter curve

• Go from a flatter curve to a steeper curve

In relation to the horopter, what do the H-values determine?

• They are a measure of vergence adaptation

• The shape of the horopter and the deviation from the VM circle

• The associated phoria

• The amount of suppression that takes place in a stabismic patient

When the H value is positive the angle on the nasal retina is larger than the corresponding temporal angle on the other eye. 

• True

• False