Cardiopulmonary A&p Quiz - Upper And Lower Airway

The structure referred to as the voice box is the larynx. It is located in the throat and plays a crucial role in producing sound and allowing us to speak. The larynx contains the vocal cords, which vibrate when air passes through them, producing sound waves that create our voice.

The upper airway has several primary functions, including humidifying and warming inspired air, conducting air, aiding in speech and smell. However, housing the teeth is not a primary function of the upper airway. The teeth are part of the oral cavity and are responsible for biting, chewing, and breaking down food, but they are not directly involved in the functions of the upper airway.

The correct answer is pseudostratified ciliated columnar. Pseudostratified means that the cells appear to be layered, but they are all attached to the basement membrane. Ciliated means that the cells have tiny hair-like structures called cilia on their surface, which help to move mucus and foreign particles out of the nasal cavity. Columnar refers to the shape of the cells, which are tall and narrow. This type of epithelium is found in the respiratory tract, including the nasal cavity, to help protect and filter the air that we breathe.

When the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated, it increases secretion production. This is because the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for promoting rest and digestion. It activates various glands in the body, such as salivary glands and digestive glands, to produce and release secretions. These secretions help with the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Therefore, when the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated, it enhances secretion production to support the digestive processes in the body.

The airways between the environment and the gas exchange units are called conducting airways. These airways are responsible for carrying air from the external environment to the respiratory bronchioles, where gas exchange occurs. The conducting airways include structures such as the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, which progressively branch out and become smaller as they reach the gas exchange units.

The eustachian tubes are found in the nasopharynx. These tubes connect the middle ear to the back of the throat and help equalize pressure in the middle ear. When we swallow or yawn, the eustachian tubes open briefly to allow air to flow in or out of the middle ear, maintaining equal pressure on both sides of the eardrum. This helps prevent discomfort and allows for proper hearing.

IgE is the immunoglobulin that is most often involved in allergic reactions. IgE antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to allergens, such as pollen, pet dander, or certain foods. When a person with allergies is exposed to these allergens, IgE antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils, triggering the release of inflammatory chemicals like histamine. This release of chemicals leads to the symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as itching, sneezing, and swelling. IgE is specifically designed to respond to allergens and plays a crucial role in the allergic response.

The single cartilages of the larynx are the thyroid, epiglottis, and cricoid. The corniculate is a pair of cartilages, not a single cartilage. Therefore, the correct answer is I, III, IV.

The correct answer is I, II, III, IV. The conducting airways consist of several components. The lamina propria is a layer of connective tissue that provides support to the airway. The basement membrane is a thin layer that separates the epithelium from the underlying connective tissue. The mucous blanket is a layer of mucus that helps to trap and remove particles from the air. Smooth muscle is present in the walls of the airways and is responsible for regulating the diameter of the airway. Therefore, all of these components are part of the conducting airways.

The simple squamous epithelium in the nose represents the lungs' first line of defense. This type of tissue is thin and allows for efficient gas exchange. It lines the respiratory passages and helps filter out harmful particles and pathogens from the air before they reach the lungs. The simple squamous epithelium also secretes mucus, which traps particles and helps to remove them from the respiratory system. Overall, the simple squamous epithelium plays a crucial role in protecting the lungs from potential harm.