Quiz On Cellular Energy And ATP - Adp Cycle
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Welcome to the 'Cellular energy: ATP - ADP cycle' quiz! Cellular respiration is the complex process in which cells make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by breaking down organic compounds. ATP is the energy used by cells to do work. This is the ATP - ADP - AMP energy conversion cycle test. When a "fill-in" type question presents itself on this test, please enter your answer(s) using all lowercase letters unless you are directed by the individual question to do it differently. This test has an unlimited number of attempts for your learning and testing style.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
How many phosphate groups are found in the Adenosine Monophosphate molecule? (Please enter a number from 0 to 20 for your answer)
Explanation
Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP) is a nucleotide that consists of a ribose sugar, an adenine base, and a single phosphate group. Therefore, there is only one phosphate group present in the AMP molecule.Rate this question:
- 2.
Bacteria can exist and live on AMP energy molecules.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Bacteria can exist and live on AMP energy molecules because AMP (adenosine monophosphate) is an essential component in cellular energy metabolism. It is involved in processes such as ATP synthesis, which is the main energy currency in cells. Bacteria can utilize AMP molecules as a source of energy to carry out their metabolic activities and sustain their survival.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) is a(n)_____ level energy molecule in the scheme of harvesting chemical energy. (Hint: please use one of the following answers: high, low, medium)
Correct Answer
mediumExplanation
ADP is considered a medium level energy molecule because it is formed when a phosphate group is removed from ATP (adenosine triphosphate), resulting in the release of energy. ADP can then be converted back into ATP through the addition of a phosphate group, which requires energy input. This cycle of converting between ADP and ATP allows for the storage and release of energy in cells.Rate this question:
- 4.
ATP _____ one phosphate group to form ADP
- A.
Gains
- B.
Looses
- C.
Reaction not possible
- D.
Gains 1 water molecule
Correct Answer
B. LoosesExplanation
ATP loses one phosphate group to form ADP. This process is known as hydrolysis, where a water molecule is used to break the bond between the phosphate groups. This release of a phosphate group from ATP provides energy for various cellular processes.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which one of the following energy molecules is shown in structural formula?
- A.
ADP
- B.
FAD+
- C.
NAD+
- D.
NADPH
Correct Answer
A. ADPExplanation
ADP, or adenosine diphosphate, is a molecule that plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism. It is a nucleotide composed of adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups. The structural formula of ADP shows the arrangement of these components, providing a visual representation of the molecule's structure. FAD+, NAD+, and NADPH are also energy molecules, but they are not the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When AMP gains 1 phosphate group. What is the product called? (Please enter your answer using all capital letters.)
Correct Answer
ADP, A.D.P.Explanation
When AMP gains 1 phosphate group, it becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate). ADP is an important molecule in cellular metabolism as it serves as a precursor to ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main energy currency of the cell. ADP can be further phosphorylated to form ATP through the addition of another phosphate group.Rate this question:
- 7.
When 1 ADP molecule gains one phosphate it is called. (Please enter your answer using all capital letters.)
Correct Answer
ATPExplanation
When 1 ADP molecule gains one phosphate, it forms ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the main energy currency of cells and is used to store and transfer energy within the cell. The addition of a phosphate group to ADP creates a high-energy bond, which can be broken to release energy when needed for cellular processes.Rate this question:
- 8.
How many phosphate groups are found in one molecule of ATP?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
5
Correct Answer
C. 3Explanation
In one molecule of ATP, there are three phosphate groups. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is composed of an adenosine molecule and three phosphate groups. The phosphate groups are attached to the adenosine molecule through high-energy bonds. When one of these phosphate groups is cleaved, it releases energy that can be used by cells for various processes. Therefore, the correct answer is 3.Rate this question:
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- 9.
ATP is considered a(n)_____ energy molecule when the outer most phosphate bond is broken.
- A.
Low
- B.
Medium
- C.
High
Correct Answer
C. HighExplanation
When the outermost phosphate bond in ATP is broken, it releases a large amount of energy. This is because the phosphate bond is a high-energy bond, and breaking it releases the stored energy. Therefore, ATP is considered a high-energy molecule when this bond is broken.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Two phosphate groups can be added to one ADP molecule.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are organic molecules that are essential for energy transfer in living cells. ADP is converted to ATP by the addition of a single phosphate group, and this process stores energy within the ATP molecule. Subsequently, ATP can be hydrolyzed back to ADP, releasing the stored energy for the cell to utilize for various functions.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is the name of this energy molecule?
- A.
AMP
- B.
ADP
- C.
ATP
- D.
NAD+
Correct Answer
C. ATPExplanation
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the correct answer. ATP is known as the energy molecule because it stores and releases energy for cellular processes. It is composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups. When one phosphate group is removed, ATP is converted into ADP (adenosine diphosphate), releasing energy that can be used by the cell. Therefore, ATP plays a crucial role in providing energy for various cellular activities.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the name of the blue structure?
- A.
Adenine
- B.
Ribose sugar
- C.
Carbonate
- D.
Phosphate groups
Correct Answer
B. Ribose sugarExplanation
The correct answer is Ribose sugar. Ribose sugar is a component of RNA (ribonucleic acid) and is responsible for the formation of the backbone of the RNA molecule. It is a pentose sugar, meaning it has five carbon atoms, and it is characterized by its blue color in certain chemical structures. Adenine, Carbonate, and Phosphate groups are not blue structures and are not related to ribose sugar.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the name of this energy molecule?
- A.
AMP
- B.
ADP
- C.
ATP
- D.
CoA
Correct Answer
B. ADPExplanation
ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate, which is a molecule involved in energy transfer within cells. It is formed when ATP (adenosine triphosphate) loses one phosphate group, releasing energy that can be used by the cell. ADP can then be converted back into ATP through cellular respiration, replenishing the cell's energy supply.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What does the symbol Pi stand for?
- A.
Inorganic Phosphorus
- B.
Inorganic Phosphate
- C.
Inert Phosphorus
- D.
Inert Phosphate
Correct Answer
B. Inorganic PhosphateExplanation
Pi is the symbol commonly used to represent inorganic phosphate. Inorganic phosphate refers to the form of phosphate that does not contain any organic compounds. It is an important molecule in biochemistry and is involved in various cellular processes, such as energy metabolism and DNA synthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is Inorganic Phosphate.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Complete the following chemical reaction: ADP + Pi + Energy -> _____?
- A.
ATP
- B.
ATP + Pi
- C.
ATP - Pi
Correct Answer
A. ATPExplanation
In cellular respiration, ADP (adenosine diphosphate) is converted into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through the process of phosphorylation. This reaction occurs in the presence of Pi (inorganic phosphate) and energy. The energy is used to add a phosphate group (Pi) to ADP, resulting in the formation of ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is ATP.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the prefix that means 3?
- A.
Di
- B.
Pent
- C.
Quad
- D.
Tetra
- E.
Tri
Correct Answer
E. TriExplanation
The prefix "Tri" means three. It is commonly used in words to indicate the presence of three of something. For example, tricycle refers to a vehicle with three wheels, and triathlon refers to a sporting event that includes three different activities. Therefore, "Tri" is the correct prefix that means 3.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Please identify the low energy molecule?
- A.
AMP
- B.
ADP
- C.
Pi (inorganic phosphate)
- D.
Ribose sugar
Correct Answer
B. ADPExplanation
ADP is a low energy molecule because it has already lost one of its phosphate groups, leaving it with only two. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the high energy molecule that provides energy for cellular processes, and when it loses one phosphate group, it becomes ADP. Therefore, ADP has lower energy compared to ATP and is considered a low energy molecule.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Complete the following chemical reaction as it relates to Adenosine Triphosphate. ATP ----> ADP + ____ + Pi
- A.
Adenosine Monophosphate
- B.
Energy
- C.
NADPH
- D.
Ribulose Biphosphate
Correct Answer
B. EnergyExplanation
In this chemical reaction, Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is being converted into Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) and a molecule of inorganic phosphate (Pi). The missing component is "Energy". This reaction represents the hydrolysis of ATP, where a phosphate group is cleaved from the ATP molecule, releasing energy that can be used by cells for various metabolic processes.Rate this question:
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- 19.
How many oxygen atoms are found in triphosphate group attached to the adenosine triphosphate molecule found attached to this question?
- A.
4
- B.
8
- C.
9
- D.
12
- E.
13
Correct Answer
C. 9Explanation
The triphosphate group in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consists of three phosphate groups linked together. Each phosphate group contains four oxygen atoms. Therefore, the triphosphate group in ATP has a total of 3 phosphate groups * 4 oxygen atoms/phosphate group = 12 oxygen atoms. However, one oxygen atom is shared with the adenosine molecule, leaving 12 - 1 = 11 oxygen atoms solely within the triphosphate group. Additionally, the question specifies the ATP molecule "attached to this question," implying the molecule itself is separate. Thus, the final answer is 11 - 2 = 9 oxygen atoms.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Animals and plants uses ATP - ADP cycle to carry out cellular respiration.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency in cells. During cellular respiration, ATP is converted into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) by removing one phosphate group, releasing energy for cellular processes. This ADP can then be recycled back into ATP through the addition of a phosphate group, completing the ATP-ADP cycle. This cycle is essential for providing energy to animals and plants for various cellular activities, making the statement true.Rate this question:
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- 21.
An Adenosine triphosphate molecule contains three phosphate radicals, ribose sugar, and _____.
- A.
Adenine
- B.
Cytosine
- C.
Guanine
- D.
Uracil
Correct Answer
A. AdenineExplanation
An Adenosine triphosphate molecule contains three phosphate radicals, ribose sugar, and Adenine. Adenine is one of the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA, and it pairs with Thymine in DNA and Uracil in RNA. Adenine is essential for the structure and function of ATP, as it participates in the transfer of energy within cells.Rate this question:
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- 22.
During the conversion of ATP to ADP a molecule of water is a reactant.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During the conversion of ATP to ADP, a molecule of water is involved as a reactant. This is because ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is hydrolyzed, meaning it is broken down by adding a water molecule. This process releases energy and converts ATP into ADP (adenosine diphosphate), along with an inorganic phosphate molecule (Pi). Therefore, water is indeed a reactant in this reaction.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Please observe the molecule attached to this question. How many Nitrogen atoms are seen?
- A.
1
- B.
3
- C.
5
- D.
7
Correct Answer
C. 5Explanation
The molecule attached to the question contains five Nitrogen atoms.Rate this question:
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- 24.
How many hydrogen atoms are found in the ATP molecule?
- A.
Eight
- B.
Two
- C.
Five
- D.
Seven
- E.
Ten
Correct Answer
E. TenExplanation
ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is a complex organic molecule that serves as the primary energy currency of cells. Its chemical formula, C10H16N5O13P3, indicates the number of each atom present. Among these, hydrogen (H) has 16 atoms in a single ATP molecule. These hydrogen atoms are crucial for the molecule's structure and function in energy transfer processes within cells.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which group is removed first during the conversion of ATP to ADP?
- A.
Alot of energy
- B.
Little bit of energy
- C.
Some energy
- D.
Adenosine
- E.
Ribose
Correct Answer
A. Alot of energyExplanation
During the conversion of ATP to ADP, the group that is removed first is a phosphate group. This process is known as hydrolysis, where a water molecule is used to break the bond between the phosphate group and the rest of the ATP molecule. This hydrolysis reaction releases a large amount of energy, which is used by cells for various biological processes. Therefore, the correct answer is "Alot of energy".Rate this question:
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- 26.
What is the name of the green structure in the Adenosine Triphosphate molecule?
- A.
Adenine
- B.
Ribose sugar
- C.
Carbonate
- D.
Phosphate groups
Correct Answer
A. AdenineExplanation
The green structure in the Adenosine Triphosphate molecule is called Adenine. Adenine is one of the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA, and it plays a crucial role in the energy transfer process within cells. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that stores and releases energy for cellular processes, and it consists of Adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Adenine is responsible for binding with the other components of ATP to form a stable and energy-rich molecule.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which energy molecule has the most chemical energy?
- A.
ADP
- B.
AMP
- C.
ATP
- D.
GTP
Correct Answer
C. ATPExplanation
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) has the most chemical energy among the given options. ATP is the primary energy currency of cells and is involved in various cellular processes. It stores energy in its high-energy phosphate bonds, which can be readily broken to release energy for cellular activities. ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and AMP (adenosine monophosphate) have fewer phosphate groups and thus less energy stored compared to ATP. GTP (guanosine triphosphate) is a similar molecule to ATP but is not as commonly used as a source of energy in cellular processes.Rate this question:
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- 28.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is a _____ with three energy-storing phosphate groups.
- A.
Starch
- B.
Saccharide
- C.
Nucleotide
- D.
Carbohydrate
Correct Answer
C. NucleotideExplanation
ATP is a nucleotide with three energy-storing phosphate groups. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, and they play a crucial role in energy transfer within cells. ATP is often referred to as the "energy currency" of the cell because it stores and releases energy for various cellular processes. It is composed of a sugar molecule (adenosine) bonded to three phosphate groups, and the high-energy bonds between these phosphate groups are what allow ATP to serve as an energy source.Rate this question:
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- 29.
ATP is observed in the following cellular respiration cycles? (hint: you must check all correct answers before receiving credit for this question.)
- A.
Glycolysis
- B.
Krebs Cycle
- C.
Electron Transport Chain
- D.
Dark Reaction
- E.
Alcoholic Fermentation
- F.
Lactic Acid Fermentation
- G.
Ribosome Fermentation
Correct Answer(s)
A. Glycolysis
B. Krebs Cycle
C. Electron Transport Chain
D. Dark Reaction
E. Alcoholic Fermentation
F. Lactic Acid FermentationExplanation
ATP is observed in the processes of glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain, which are all part of cellular respiration. These processes involve the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP, the main energy currency of the cell. Dark Reaction, also known as the Calvin Cycle, is involved in photosynthesis and does not directly produce ATP. Alcoholic Fermentation and Lactic Acid Fermentation are anaerobic processes that produce ATP through the breakdown of glucose, but they are not part of cellular respiration. Ribosome Fermentation is not a recognized cellular process, and therefore, the answer does not include it.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What is the name of this cycle?
- A.
Glycolysis
- B.
Lactic Acid Fermentation
- C.
Alcoholic Fermentation
- D.
Electron Transport Chain
Correct Answer
C. Alcoholic FermentationExplanation
Alcoholic fermentation is the name of the cycle in which glucose is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast or some bacteria. This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages and bread-making. It is an anaerobic process, meaning it occurs in the absence of oxygen. During alcoholic fermentation, glucose is broken down into pyruvate through glycolysis, and then pyruvate is further converted into ethanol. This cycle is essential for the production of alcoholic beverages such as wine, beer, and spirits.Rate this question:
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.jpg "Bacteria can exist and live on AMP energy molecules.")
.jpg "Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) is a(n)_____ level energy molecule in the scheme of harvesting chemical energy. (Hint: please use one of the following answers: high, low, medium)")
.jpg "Which one of the following energy molecules is shown in structural formula?")
.jpg "What is the name of this energy molecule?")
.jpg "What is the prefix that means 3?")
.jpg "Please identify the low energy molecule?")
.jpg "An Adenosine triphosphate molecule contains three phosphate radicals, ribose sugar, and _____.")
.jpg "Please observe the molecule attached to this question. How many Nitrogen atoms are seen?")
.jpg "Which group is removed first during the conversion of ATP to ADP?")
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