Ultimate Cell Vocabulary Test! Trivia Quiz

A solution with a lower concentration of particles is called hypotonic. In a hypotonic solution, there is a higher concentration of water molecules compared to solute particles. This causes water to move into the cells through osmosis, resulting in the swelling or bursting of the cells.

Cytoplasm is a jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules for nutrition. It is a semi-fluid substance that fills the cell and surrounds the organelles. It is responsible for the transportation of nutrients, waste products, and other molecules within the cell. The cytoplasm also houses various cellular structures and organelles, such as the mitochondria and ribosomes, which are involved in important cellular processes.

The nucleus is considered the "brain" of the cell because it controls all cellular activities and stores the cell's genetic material, DNA. It plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, cell division, and protein synthesis. The presence of DNA in the nucleus allows for the transmission of genetic information to the next generation of cells. Therefore, the nucleus is essential for the overall functioning and survival of the cell.

An isotonic solution is one that has the same concentration of particles as another solution. This means that the two solutions have an equal osmotic pressure and there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane. In biological systems, isotonic solutions are important for maintaining cell shape and preventing osmotic damage.

A hypertonic solution is one that has a higher concentration of particles compared to another solution. This means that there are more solute particles (such as salt or sugar) dissolved in the solvent (such as water) in a hypertonic solution. As a result, when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, water molecules will move out of the cell in an attempt to balance the concentration of solute particles on both sides of the cell membrane. This causes the cell to shrink or shrivel up.

The cell membrane is a double layer that forms a boundary between the inside and outside of a cell. It is responsible for controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing certain molecules to enter or exit while keeping others out. The double layer structure of the cell membrane consists of phospholipids, which have hydrophilic (water-loving) heads and hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails, arranging themselves in such a way that the hydrophilic heads face the watery environments inside and outside the cell, while the hydrophobic tails are sandwiched in between. This unique structure gives the cell membrane its characteristic properties and functions.

The Golgi Apparatus is a stack of flat membranes with enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins in a cell. It plays a crucial role in the modification, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell. Proteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the Golgi Apparatus, where they undergo further processing, such as glycosylation and sorting into vesicles for transport to their final destinations. Therefore, the Golgi Apparatus is the correct answer for this question.

Mitochondria is the correct answer because it is an organelle that supplies energy to the cell through the process of cellular respiration. It has its own ribosomes and DNA, which are necessary for the synthesis of proteins and the replication of its genetic material. Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell due to their role in producing ATP, the main source of energy for cellular activities.

Vesicles are small sacs or compartments found within the cytoplasm of cells. They are responsible for storing and transporting various materials such as proteins, lipids, and other molecules. Vesicles play a crucial role in intracellular transport, allowing for the movement of these materials to different parts of the cell or to the cell membrane for secretion. Therefore, the statement that vesicles contain and transport materials within the cytoplasm is true.

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, meaning from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This process requires energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to pump the molecules against the concentration gradient. Therefore, active transport is the correct answer as it involves the expenditure of energy.

Facilitated diffusion is the process by which molecules are transported across a cell membrane with the help of protein channels. These protein channels act as passageways, allowing specific molecules to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Unlike simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion does not require energy input from the cell. Instead, it relies on the specific binding of molecules to the protein channels, which then undergo a conformational change to transport the molecules across the membrane. This process is important for the transport of larger or charged molecules that cannot easily pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.

Endocytosis is a cellular process in which the cell takes in substances from the external environment by engulfing them with its membrane. This process involves the inward folding of the cell membrane to form a vesicle that contains the engulfed material. Therefore, it is correct to say that endocytosis takes place when liquids enter the cell by inward folding of the membrane.

The statement "Nothing can be made of only one cell" is not part of the cell theory. The cell theory states that all organisms are made up of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells are made up of other cells. This statement contradicts the idea that some organisms, such as unicellular organisms, are made up of only one cell.

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. These cells are characterized by having a well-defined nucleus enclosed within a membrane. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material, including the DNA. In contrast, prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do not have a nucleus. They have a nucleoid region where the genetic material is located but it is not enclosed within a membrane. Therefore, the correct answer is eukaryotic cells.

Centrioles are cylindrical structures found in animal cells that play a crucial role in cell division. During mitosis, centrioles help in the formation of the spindle fibers, which are responsible for separating the duplicated chromosomes into two daughter cells. They also assist in the positioning and organization of the spindle apparatus. Therefore, it is correct to say that centrioles aid in mitosis.

Animal cells do NOT have cell walls.

Exocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are released from the cell by fusing with the cell membrane and vesicles. This process is essential for the export of proteins, hormones, and neurotransmitters from the cell. It involves the fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane, allowing the contents of the vesicles to be released outside the cell. Therefore, the statement "Exocytosis is the release of substances from the cell by fusion with the membrane and vesicle" is true.

The correct answer is Smooth and Rough. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of interconnected membranes that play a crucial role in protein synthesis and processing. It is divided into two types based on its appearance under a microscope. The smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification, and calcium storage. The rough ER, on the other hand, is studded with ribosomes and is responsible for protein synthesis and processing.

Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris in the cell. They are involved in the digestion and recycling of cellular components. Therefore, the statement that organelles that contain enzymes are lysosomes is true.

The correct answer for this question is the Fluid Mosaic Model. The Fluid Mosaic Model is a widely accepted model that describes the movement and arrangement of the cell membrane. It suggests that the cell membrane is composed of a fluid lipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which can move laterally within the membrane. This model also proposes that the membrane is not a static structure but rather a dynamic and constantly changing mosaic of lipids and proteins.

Organelles are inside the cell.

The cytoskeleton is a network of proteins that provides structural support and shape to the cell. It is responsible for maintaining the cell's shape, organizing its internal components, and facilitating cell movement. The cytoskeleton is composed of three main types of protein filaments: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. These filaments work together to give the cell its structure and allow it to perform various functions such as cell division, cell migration, and intracellular transport. Therefore, the cytoskeleton is the correct answer as it is directly related to supporting and shaping the cell.

The correct answer is "Concentration gradient." This term refers to the change in concentration of a substance from one location to another. It represents how the concentration of a substance varies in space and is often used to describe the movement of particles or substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Phagocytosis is a process in which solid particles are engulfed and taken into the cell. This process is performed by specialized cells called phagocytes, which surround the particle with their cell membrane and form a vesicle called a phagosome. The phagosome then fuses with lysosomes in the cell, where the particle is broken down and digested. This mechanism allows cells to ingest and eliminate harmful substances, such as bacteria or debris, from the body.

The term "selective permeability" refers to the property of a cell membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through while blocking others. This means that some molecules or ions can freely move across the membrane, while others require special transport proteins or channels to facilitate their movement. This selective permeability is essential for maintaining the internal environment of the cell and regulating the exchange of substances with the external environment.

Ribosomes are organelles responsible for protein synthesis in cells. They link amino acids together to form proteins through a process called translation. Ribosomes can be found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. They consist of two subunits, a large and a small subunit, which work together to read the genetic information in mRNA and assemble the corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

The vacuole actually STORES these items; it does not release them.

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that contain chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for the green color of leaves. They play a crucial role in photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose (chemical energy) and oxygen. Therefore, chloroplasts aid in photosynthesis, are the cause of green plant leaves, and convert solar energy into chemical energy.

Phospholipids are the main components of the cell membrane, forming a bilayer that provides structure and acts as a barrier. Receptors are also present in the cell membrane, allowing cells to communicate and respond to external signals. Vesicles are small membrane-bound sacs involved in transport within the cell. Ribosomes, on the other hand, are not part of the cell membrane but are responsible for protein synthesis.