Chapter 10 Philosophy Quiz

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  • 1/18 Questions

    According to the ontological proof of God's existence:

    • God is the greatest conceivable or the most perfect being
    • Evil is necessary for free will
    • God is the unmoved mover
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About This Quiz

Philosophy is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society. It works by asking very basic questions about the nature of human thought, the nature of the universe, and the connections between them. Do you consider yourself to be a philosopher and think you have a good grip on what this study is all about? Take up this basic test and see if indeed you are one.

Philosophy Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    The principle of universal explanation states that:

    • Every positive fact of reality has an explanation

    • God is uncased cause

    • Some explanations are universally accepted

    Correct Answer
    A. Every positive fact of reality has an explanation
    Explanation
    The given answer is consistent with the principle of universal explanation, which states that every positive fact of reality has an explanation. This means that for every event or phenomenon that occurs, there is a reason or cause behind it. This principle suggests that there are no random or unexplained occurrences in the world, and that everything can be understood and explained through rational means. Therefore, the answer aligns with the idea that every positive fact in reality can be explained.

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  • 3. 

    Atheism:

    • The view that sufficient of persuasive evidence has been given to believe that God does not exist.

    • Area of study within metaphysics focused primarily upon the nature of being and existence.

    • An object in motion will remain motion unless acted upon by an external force and a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.

    Correct Answer
    A. The view that sufficient of persuasive evidence has been given to believe that God does not exist.
    Explanation
    This answer correctly defines atheism as the view that there is enough persuasive evidence to believe that God does not exist. It acknowledges that atheism is a belief based on the evaluation of evidence, rather than a lack of belief or a denial of the existence of God. The explanation accurately captures the essence of atheism as a position that rejects the existence of God based on the available evidence.

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  • 4. 

    Law of inertia:

    • The view that sufficient of persuasive evidence has been given to believe that God does not exist.

    • An object in motion will remain motion unless acted upon by an external force and a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.

    • An object in motion will remain motion unless acted upon by an external force and a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.

    Correct Answer
    A. An object in motion will remain motion unless acted upon by an external force and a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.
  • 5. 

    Principle of sufficient:

    • The belief that God or many gods or that God is everything.

    • The claim that for every positive fact of existence there is some, at least one, explanation for its existence.

    • A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.

    Correct Answer
    A. The claim that for every positive fact of existence there is some, at least one, explanation for its existence.
    Explanation
    The principle of sufficient reason states that every positive fact of existence has an explanation for why it exists. This means that there is a reason or cause for every event or phenomenon in the world. It suggests that nothing happens without a cause, and that everything that exists has a purpose or explanation for its existence. This principle is often used in philosophy and science to understand and explain the nature of reality.

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  • 6. 

    Principle of universal explanations:

    • The claim that for every positive fact of existence there is some, at least one, explanation for its existence.

    • A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.

    • The claim that for every positive fact of existence there is some, at least one, explanation for its existence.

    Correct Answer
    A. The claim that for every positive fact of existence there is some, at least one, explanation for its existence.
    Explanation
    The principle of universal explanations states that there is an explanation for every positive fact of existence. This means that for every phenomenon or event that occurs, there is at least one explanation that can account for its existence. This principle assumes that there are no random or unexplainable occurrences in the universe, and that everything can be understood and explained through rational means. It suggests that there is order and purpose in the world, and that all aspects of existence can be comprehended through the search for explanations.

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  • 7. 

    Darwin's theory of evolution raised problems for the traditional argument from design since:

    • According to Darwin there is no design or order

    • Design and order could be accounted for naturalistically.

    • God cannot be all things or God doesn't exist.

    Correct Answer
    A. Design and order could be accounted for naturalistically.
    Explanation
    Darwin's theory of evolution challenged the traditional argument from design by suggesting that design and order in the natural world could be explained through naturalistic processes, rather than the need for a divine creator. This implies that the complexity and diversity of life on Earth can be attributed to natural selection and adaptation over time, rather than being evidence of a purposeful design by a higher power. Therefore, the correct answer suggests that Darwin's theory undermined the argument for design by offering a naturalistic explanation for the existence of design and order in the natural world.

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  • 8. 

    Theologian:

    • A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.

    • The belief that God or many gods or that God is everything.

    • A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.

    Correct Answer
    A. A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.
    Explanation
    The given answer accurately defines theology as a systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods. The theologian's statements provide additional context by mentioning the belief in God or many gods, but the core idea remains the same - theology is the study of God or gods.

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  • 9. 

    For Saint Thomas Aquinas, God was:

    • An enigma wrapped in a mystery

    • An uncaused cause

    • An object of mystical intuition

    Correct Answer
    A. An uncaused cause
    Explanation
    Saint Thomas Aquinas believed that God was an uncaused cause. This means that God is the ultimate source of all causes and effects in the world, but He Himself is not caused by anything else. Aquinas argued that everything in the world has a cause, but there must be a first cause that is uncaused and necessary for the existence of everything else. This concept of God as an uncaused cause aligns with Aquinas' philosophical and theological understanding of the nature of God and His role in the creation and sustenance of the universe.

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  • 10. 

    To prove God's role as a designer of the universe, William Paley draws an analogy to finding a :

    • Bible

    • Watch

    • Butterfly

    Correct Answer
    A. Watch
    Explanation
    William Paley draws an analogy to finding a watch to prove God's role as a designer of the universe. Just as finding a watch implies the existence of a watchmaker, Paley argues that the complexity and intricacy of the universe imply the existence of a divine creator. The watch serves as a symbol of the universe's design and purpose, highlighting the idea that it couldn't have come into existence by chance alone.

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  • 11. 

    The problem of evil initially claims that if God is all good, all knowing, all powerful, and there is fact evil then:

    • God has abandoned Earth

    • God is not true.

    • God cannot be all of those things or God doesn't exist.

    Correct Answer
    A. God cannot be all of those things or God doesn't exist.
    Explanation
    The problem of evil argues that if God possesses qualities such as being all good, all knowing, and all powerful, yet evil still exists, then it is contradictory to believe in a God with these attributes. This suggests that either God cannot possess all of these qualities simultaneously, or that God does not exist at all. The existence of evil challenges the traditional understanding of a benevolent and omnipotent deity, leading to the conclusion that such a God cannot exist.

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  • 12. 

    Theism:

    • A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.

    • The belief that God or many gods or that God is everything.

    • A systematic study of the nature and existence of God or gods.

    Correct Answer
    A. The belief that God or many gods or that God is everything.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the belief that God or many gods or that God is everything. This explanation aligns with the definition provided in the question, which states that theism is the belief in God or gods, or the belief that God is everything. It encompasses the idea that there may be multiple gods or a singular God, and that this divine entity is all-encompassing.

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  • 13. 

    Ontology:

    • An object in motion will remain motion unless acted upon by an external force and a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted

    • Area of study within metaphysics focused primarily upon the nature of being and existence.

    • An argument that appears to prove God's existence based upon our idea of God

    Correct Answer
    A. Area of study within metaphysics focused primarily upon the nature of being and existence.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Ontology: an area of study within metaphysics focused primarily upon the nature of being and existence." This answer is correct because it accurately describes ontology as a branch of metaphysics that examines the fundamental nature of reality, including the nature of being and existence. Ontology seeks to understand the fundamental categories and relationships of entities in the world, and it is concerned with questions about what exists, how things exist, and what it means for something to be.

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  • 14. 

    Agnosticism:

    • The view that sufficient of persuasive evidence has been given to believe that God does not exist.

    • The view that sufficient or persuasive evidence has not been given to atheism.

    Correct Answer
    A. The view that sufficient or persuasive evidence has not been given to atheism.
    Explanation
    The given answer suggests that agnosticism is the view that there has not been enough convincing evidence to support atheism. In other words, agnostics believe that it is not possible to know whether or not God exists, rather than asserting that God does not exist. This aligns with the definition of agnosticism as a position of uncertainty or lack of knowledge regarding the existence of a higher power.

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  • 15. 

    According to Saint Anselm, God's existence could be proven by starting with the:

    • Bible

    • Miracle of Jesus

    • Idea of God

    Correct Answer
    A. Idea of God
    Explanation
    Saint Anselm believed that God's existence could be proven by starting with the idea of God. He argued that the concept of God as the greatest conceivable being, a being than which nothing greater can be conceived, implies that God must exist. Anselm claimed that if we can conceive of a being that is greater than any other being, then that being must exist in reality, because existence is a necessary attribute of a truly perfect being. Therefore, according to Anselm, the idea of God itself serves as proof of God's existence.

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  • 16. 

    According to someone like Sigmund Freud, God is:

    • The greatest conceivable being

    • The unmoved mover

    • A creation of man to soothe his fear

    Correct Answer
    A. A creation of man to soothe his fear
    Explanation
    According to Sigmund Freud, God is seen as a creation of man to soothe his fear. Freud believed that religion and the concept of God were a result of human beings' need for security and comfort in the face of the unknown and the fear of death. He argued that belief in God and religion provided a sense of control and protection, serving as a psychological defense mechanism against anxiety and existential dread. Therefore, Freud viewed the idea of God as a product of human imagination and wishful thinking rather than an objective reality.

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  • 17. 

    Ontological argument:

    • Area of study within metaphysics focused primarily upon the nature of being and existence.

    • An object in motion will remain motion unless acted upon by an external force and a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted

    • An argument that appears to prove God's existence based upon our idea of God

    Correct Answer
    A. An argument that appears to prove God's existence based upon our idea of God
    Explanation
    The ontological argument is a philosophical argument that attempts to prove the existence of God based solely on the concept or idea of God. It argues that the very idea of a perfect and necessary being implies its existence. This argument suggests that if we can conceive of a being that possesses all perfections, including existence, then it must necessarily exist in reality. However, critics argue that this argument relies on logical fallacies and assumptions, and therefore, it does not provide a conclusive proof of God's existence.

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  • 18. 

    As discussed in this episode, the reality of the big bang theory as an account of the origin of the universe:

    • Proves God does not exist

    • Proves God must exist

    • Neither supports nor undermines the possibility of God's existence.

    Correct Answer
    A. Neither supports nor undermines the possibility of God's existence.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "neither supports nor undermines the possibility of God's existence." This means that the reality of the big bang theory does not provide evidence for or against the existence of God. The big bang theory is a scientific explanation for the origin of the universe, focusing on the expansion of space and time. It does not address the existence or non-existence of a higher power or deity. Therefore, it is neutral in terms of its implications for God's existence.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 01, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Baileydykman
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