1.
A Spanish explorer whose first voyage was in 1492.
Correct Answer
A. ChristopHer Columbus
Explanation
Christopher Columbus is the correct answer because he was a Spanish explorer who embarked on his first voyage in 1492. He is famous for discovering the Americas and establishing permanent European contact with the New World. Columbus's voyages had a significant impact on world history as they led to the colonization and exploration of the Americas by Europeans.
2.
An extended family group with a common ancestor.
Correct Answer
A. Clan
Explanation
A clan is an extended family group with a common ancestor. It is a social unit that consists of multiple families who are related to each other through a shared lineage. Clans often have a strong sense of identity and may have their own traditions, customs, and rituals. They are found in many different cultures around the world and play an important role in maintaining social cohesion and cooperation within the group.
3.
The traffic of goods and ideas between Europe and the Americas.
Correct Answer
D. Columbian Exchange
Explanation
The term "Columbian Exchange" refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and cultural practices between Europe and the Americas that occurred after Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492. This exchange had a significant impact on both regions, leading to the introduction of new crops, such as potatoes and tomatoes, to Europe, while also causing the spread of diseases, such as smallpox, that had devastating effects on Native American populations. The Columbian Exchange represents a pivotal moment in history that reshaped the global landscape by connecting previously isolated continents.
4.
A Spanish invader during the 1500s.
Correct Answer
B. Conquistador
Explanation
During the 1500s, Spain sent conquistadors to explore and conquer new territories in the Americas. Conquistadors were Spanish invaders who sought to claim new lands, resources, and wealth for Spain. They were known for their military prowess and played a significant role in the colonization of the Americas. The term "conquistador" accurately describes a Spanish invader during the 1500s, making it the correct answer.
5.
The route used by slave traders between West Africa and the Americas.
Correct Answer
C. Middle Passage
Explanation
The Middle Passage refers to the route used by slave traders between West Africa and the Americas. It was a horrific journey where African slaves were packed into ships and transported across the Atlantic Ocean under brutal conditions. Many slaves died during the voyage due to disease, malnutrition, and mistreatment. The Middle Passage played a significant role in the transatlantic slave trade, as it was the crucial leg of the triangular trade system that connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
6.
Most scientists believe that the first inhabitants of the Americas.
Correct Answer
C. Migrated from Asia tens of thousands of years ago.
Explanation
Scientists believe that the first inhabitants of the Americas migrated from Asia tens of thousands of years ago. This theory is supported by archaeological evidence, such as the discovery of ancient tools and human remains that resemble those found in Asia. Additionally, genetic studies have shown a close genetic connection between Native Americans and populations in Asia, further supporting the idea of a migration from Asia to the Americas. The theory of European arrival in the 1500s is not widely accepted among scientists, as there is no substantial evidence to support this claim.
7.
Which of the following most helped Native American civilizations to grow?
Correct Answer
A. Agriculture
Explanation
Agriculture is the correct answer because it allowed Native American civilizations to grow by providing a stable food supply. With the ability to cultivate crops, such as corn, beans, and squash, they were able to settle in one place, establish permanent settlements, and develop complex societies. Agriculture also led to population growth, as surplus food could support larger communities. Additionally, it allowed for the development of specialized labor, trade networks, and the emergence of social hierarchies. Overall, agriculture played a crucial role in the development and growth of Native American civilizations.
8.
During the Renaissance, European kingdoms......
Correct Answer
D. Competed for access to Asia and Africa
Explanation
During the Renaissance, European kingdoms competed for access to Asia and Africa. This was driven by their desire to establish trade routes, acquire valuable resources, and expand their influence and power. European explorers, such as Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama, embarked on voyages to find new routes to these regions, leading to the Age of Exploration. The competition for access to Asia and Africa ultimately resulted in the colonization and exploitation of these regions by European powers.
9.
In 1498, Vasco da Gama of Portugal.......
Correct Answer
A. Reached India
Explanation
In 1498, Vasco da Gama of Portugal reached India. This marked a significant milestone in the Age of Discovery as it was the first successful sea route from Europe to India. Da Gama's voyage opened up new trading opportunities between Europe and Asia and established Portugal as a major player in the lucrative spice trade. His successful journey also inspired other explorers to seek new routes and discover new lands, ultimately leading to the colonization and globalization of the world.
10.
Thousands of Native Americans died as a result of......
Correct Answer
C. The spread of European diseases
Explanation
The spread of European diseases caused the death of thousands of Native Americans. When Europeans arrived in the Americas, they brought with them diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, to which Native Americans had no immunity. As a result, these diseases spread rapidly among the indigenous populations, leading to high mortality rates. The lack of resistance and the devastating impact of these diseases on Native American communities significantly contributed to their decline and population loss.
11.
The _______, signed in 1215, limited the power of the English monarch.
Correct Answer
Magna Carta
Explanation
The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, was a historic document that placed limitations on the power of the English monarch. It was a significant step towards establishing the rule of law and protecting the rights of the people. The Magna Carta outlined principles such as the right to a fair trial, protection against unlawful imprisonment, and the idea that the monarch's power should be subject to legal constraints. This document marked a turning point in English history, as it laid the foundation for constitutional law and the idea of individual liberties.
12.
During the ______, European philosophers came to believe that all problems could be solved by human reason.
Correct Answer
Enlightenment
Explanation
The Enlightenment was a period in European history when philosophers began to believe that human reason could solve all problems. This intellectual movement emphasized the importance of science, reason, and rationality in understanding the world and improving society. Enlightenment thinkers sought to challenge traditional authority and promote individual freedom, tolerance, and progress. They believed that through the use of reason and rational thought, society could be transformed and improved. The Enlightenment had a profound impact on various fields, including politics, philosophy, science, and education, and it laid the foundation for many of the democratic principles and values that are still influential today.
13.
The ______provided a plan for self-government in Plymouth.
Correct Answer
Mayflower Compact
Explanation
The Mayflower Compact provided a plan for self-government in Plymouth. The Mayflower Compact was a document signed by the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower in 1620. It established a social contract and a set of rules for the new colony, ensuring that decisions would be made collectively and in the best interest of the community. This document laid the foundation for self-governance in Plymouth and is considered an important early step towards democracy in America.
14.
The General for the Continental Army, _______ led the Patriots during the American Revolution.
Correct Answer
George Washington
Explanation
George Washington was the General for the Continental Army and led the Patriots during the American Revolution. He played a crucial role in the war, commanding the troops and leading them to victory against the British. Washington's leadership skills, strategic thinking, and determination made him an iconic figure in American history. He later became the first President of the United States, further solidifying his importance in shaping the nation.
15.
Evangelical preachers toured the colonies promoting revivals during a religious movement called the______.
Correct Answer
Great Awakening
Explanation
During the Great Awakening, evangelical preachers traveled throughout the colonies to promote religious revivals. This movement, which took place in the 18th century, aimed to revitalize religious faith and bring about a spiritual awakening among the colonists. The preachers emphasized the importance of personal conversion and a direct relationship with God, leading to a significant increase in religious fervor and the establishment of new religious denominations. The Great Awakening had a profound impact on American society, contributing to the growth of religious tolerance, political engagement, and the development of a uniquely American identity.
16.
Resident of Virginia, _____ was the principal author who drafted the Declaration of Independence.
Correct Answer
Thomas Jefferson
Explanation
Thomas Jefferson, a resident of Virginia, was the principal author who drafted the Declaration of Independence.
17.
Which nation first established colonies in both North and South America?
Correct Answer
D. Spain
Explanation
Spain is the correct answer because it was the first nation to establish colonies in both North and South America. Spain's colonization efforts began in the late 15th century with the voyages of Christopher Columbus, leading to the establishment of colonies such as Santo Domingo (in present-day Dominican Republic) and later Mexico, Peru, and other parts of South America. Spain's colonization efforts in the Americas were significant and had a lasting impact on the region's history, culture, and demographics.
18.
Missionaries came to the Americas to
Correct Answer
B. Convert Native Americans to Christianity
Explanation
The missionaries came to the Americas with the intention of converting Native Americans to Christianity. This was a key objective for many European powers during the colonization period, as they believed it was their duty to spread their religion to other parts of the world. The missionaries saw the Native Americans as "heathens" who needed to be saved and brought into the Christian faith. They established missions and churches, taught the Native Americans about Christianity, and sought to convert them. This was often done through education, religious ceremonies, and persuasion.
19.
The English established their first successful colony at
Correct Answer
A. Jamestown
Explanation
Jamestown is the correct answer because it was the first successful English colony established in North America. It was founded in 1607 in present-day Virginia. The settlers faced numerous challenges, including disease, starvation, and conflicts with Native Americans, but eventually managed to establish a stable colony. Jamestown played a significant role in the early history of the United States, serving as a starting point for further English colonization and the eventual establishment of the thirteen colonies.
20.
The British Parliament needed colonists to pay new taxes to
Correct Answer
C. Pay Britain’s debt from the French and Indian Wars
Explanation
The British Parliament needed colonists to pay new taxes to pay Britain's debt from the French and Indian Wars. The war had put a significant financial burden on Britain, and they looked to the colonies to help cover the costs. The new taxes, such as the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act, were imposed on the colonists to generate revenue and alleviate Britain's debt. The British government saw the colonies as a source of income to repay the expenses incurred during the war.