1.
Which terms are used to identify pure substances?
Correct Answer
B. An element and a compound
Explanation
Pure substances can be identified by two terms: an element and a compound. An element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom, such as oxygen or gold. A compound, on the other hand, is a substance made up of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together, like water (H2O) or carbon dioxide (CO2). Both elements and compounds are considered pure substances because they have a fixed composition and distinct properties.
2.
Given the simple representations for atoms of two elements:
Which particle diagram represents molecules of only one compound in the gaseous phase?
Correct Answer
B.
3.
Which process is a chemical change?
Correct Answer
D. Decomposition of water
Explanation
The process of decomposition of water is a chemical change because it involves the breaking down of water molecules into their constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen. This reaction requires the input of energy and results in the formation of new substances with different properties than the original water molecules.
4.
Which particle diagram represents a mixture of element X and element Z, only?
Correct Answer
D.
Explanation
The correct answer cannot be determined without the particle diagrams provided in the question.
5.
Samples A, B, and C contain molecules at STP.
Explain, in terms of the composition, why sample A represents a pure substance.
Correct Answer
only one compound
only one substance
only one molecule
one compound
one substance
one molecule
only one kind
one kind
Explanation
Sample A represents a pure substance because it contains only one compound, which means it consists of a single type of molecule. This indicates that all the particles in the sample are identical in composition and properties, making it a homogeneous substance.
6.
Samples A, B, and C contain molecules at STP.
Explain why sample C could represent a mixture of fluorine and hydrogen chloride.
Correct Answer
one element and one compound
one element one compound
one compound and one element
one compound one element
element and compound together
element and compound
two different substances
different things
two different things
Explanation
Sample C could represent a mixture of fluorine and hydrogen chloride because it contains both an element (fluorine) and a compound (hydrogen chloride). A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically combined, and in this case, the presence of both an element and a compound suggests that there are two different substances present in the sample.
7.
Which of these contains only one substance?
Correct Answer
A. Distilled water
Explanation
Distilled water contains only one substance, which is water. It is obtained by the process of distillation, where impurities and other substances are removed, leaving behind pure water. In contrast, sugar water, saltwater, and rainwater contain additional substances dissolved in the water.
8.
Given the diagrams X, Y, and Z below:
Which diagram or diagrams represent a mixture of elements A and B?
Correct Answer
B. Z, only
Explanation
The diagram Z represents a mixture of elements A and B because it shows both elements A and B present together. Diagram X does not show element B, and diagram Y does not show element A. Therefore, only diagram Z is a representation of a mixture of elements A and B.
9.
Which particle diagram represents a sample of one compound, only?
Correct Answer
D.
Explanation
The correct answer cannot be determined without the particle diagrams.
10.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below:
What type of mixture is represented by X?
Correct Answer
heterogeneous
heterogeneous mixture
Explanation
Based on the diagram, X is represented by a mixture that contains different substances that are not evenly distributed. This can be observed by the presence of distinct regions or phases within the mixture. Therefore, X can be classified as a heterogeneous mixture.
11.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below:
What type of substance is represented by Z?
Correct Answer
compound
compounds
Explanation
Based on the diagram, it can be inferred that Z represents a compound or compounds. The use of the plural form "compounds" suggests that there may be multiple substances represented by Z. The diagram does not provide specific information about the nature of these compounds, but it can be concluded that they are not elements or mixtures, as those options are not given in the answer choices. Therefore, the correct answer is compound(s).