Chemistry Final Prep #1
(174).webp "Chemistry Final Prep #1 - Quiz")
- 1.
Cations are....
- Positively charged
- Negatively charged
- Loses electrons
- Gains electrons
- Tend to be metals
- Tend to be non metals
- A.
1, 3 and 5
- B.
1,3 and 6
- C.
2,3 and 5
- D.
2, 4 and 6
Correct Answer
A. 1, 3 and 5Explanation
Cations tend to be metals (from the left side of the stair step)and are positively charged ions that lose electrons to acquire 8 electrons in its outer shell. This process allows for more stability.Rate this question:
- 2.
Ionic bonds form when...
- A.
Two cations bond
- B.
Two anions bond
- C.
Two ions share electrons
- D.
One cation and one anion give and take electrons
Correct Answer
D. One cation and one anion give and take electronsExplanation
Ionic bonds are formed when two atoms give and take electrons to form a cation and anion that are electrostatically attracted.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Metallic bonds are formed when....
- A.
Cations and anions form a crystal lattice
- B.
Cations bond with delocalized electrons
- C.
Cations bond with other cations
- D.
Anions bond with other anions
Correct Answer
B. Cations bond with delocalized electronsExplanation
metallic bonds are formed from cations "swimming" in a sea of delocalized electrons.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Ionic compounds can be electrolytes (conduct electricity) when....
- A.
In their solid state
- B.
In their liquid state
- C.
In an aqueous solution
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- F.
Two of the above.
Correct Answer
F. Two of the above.Explanation
Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when their charged ions are free to move. This can happen when the are in their liquid state or when they are in an aqueous solution.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Transition elements (D-block) need roman numerals when naming because.....
- A.
They have multiple charges (oxidation states).
- B.
They have electrons that are in a different energy level.
- C.
D block is larger than the s or p block
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. They have multiple charges (oxidation states).Explanation
Transition elements need roman numerals because they can have multiple oxidation states (or charges). The roman numerals are needed to identify which oxidation state of the element is in the compound.Rate this question:
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- 6.
An alloy forms when.....
- A.
Metallic atoms are substituted for other atoms in a crystal lattice
- B.
Other atoms are placed in the spaces of a crystal lattice
- C.
All of the above
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
C. All of the aboveExplanation
Alloys can be substitutional or interstitial. Substitutional alloys are alloys that have had some atoms in a metallic crystal replaced by different type(s) of atoms. Interstitial alloys are alloys that have had different atoms placed in the interstitial spaces in the metallic crystal.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Neutral atoms form ions in order to ....
- A.
Gain stability
- B.
Achieve 8 valence electrons
- C.
To form noble gas-type electron configurations
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Ions are more stable than their neutral form. They are more stable because the gaining or losing of electrons allows them to have 8 valence electrons just like the noble gases.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Covalent bonds form when.....
- A.
Electrons are shared between two or more atoms to form an octet
- B.
Cations and anions are formed and are electrostatically attracted
- C.
Cations swim in a sea of electrons.
- D.
Ions give and take electrons to achieve an octet.
Correct Answer
A. Electrons are shared between two or more atoms to form an octetExplanation
Covalent bonds are formed from atoms sharing valence electrons to achieve 8 valence electrons (octet)Rate this question:
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- 9.
Aqueous solutions have a solute and a solvent. The solvent is....
- A.
The compound being dissolved
- B.
Water
- C.
The combination of solute and solution
- D.
A precipitate
Correct Answer
B. WaterExplanation
Aqueous solutions are made when a compound (solute) is dissolved in water (solvent).Rate this question:
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- 10.
A precipitate is formed when...
- A.
Two cations bond instead of one cation and one anion
- B.
A cation and an anion form a solid in solution
- C.
A solid is dissolved in water
- D.
A compound is soluble.
Correct Answer
B. A cation and an anion form a solid in solutionExplanation
Precipitates are insoluble solids that are formed in solution; usually during a double replacement reaction.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Resonance can happen when any molecule has more than one valid Lewis structure. When this happens the bonds...
- A.
Have the same lengths
- B.
Have different lengths, because one will be a double bond and the others will be single.
- C.
Will not be stable and the molecule doesn't form
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. Have the same lengthsExplanation
Resonance allows for the formation of equivalent bonds in a molecule. The electrons from the pi bond delocalize and form similar bonds on all sides.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Products in a reaction are....
- A.
On the right side of the arrow
- B.
On the left side of the arrow
- C.
Rarely stable
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. On the right side of the arrowExplanation
In a chemical equation reactants are on the left side of the arrow and products are on the right.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Spectator ions are those ions in a reaction that.....
- A.
Form a precipitate
- B.
Form a gas
- C.
Do not participate in the reaction
- D.
Are a part of the net ionic equation
Correct Answer
C. Do not participate in the reactionExplanation
Spectator ions are ions in a solution that do not participate in a reaction. They stay in solution as ions before and after the reaction.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A single replacement reaction...
- A.
Is the replacement of one part of an ionic compound with another ion in solution.
- B.
May or may not occur depending on the activity series.
- C.
Can happen with the cation or anion part of the reactants
- D.
All of the above.
- E.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
Single replacement reactions can happen with the replacement of the cation in a compound with another or the replacement of an anion with another. This replacement happens according to the activity series of metals and halogens. If the cation being replaced is less reactive than the one being introduced than the reaction will take place. The product in a single replacement reaction will always contain the more reactive cation/anion.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The mole refers to...
- A.
A number of particles
- B.
The mass of an atom
- C.
The volume of a solid
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
A. A number of particlesExplanation
The mole is a number, 6.02 x 10^23. Not unlike a dozen; but much bigger. A mole can measure anything: atoms, molecules, bananas or flowers. The volume and mass of a mole will depend on what you have, but the amount (in numbers) will always be the same.Rate this question:
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- 16.
How are the empirical formula and molecular formula different?
- A.
They are not different. They are always the same
- B.
The empirical formula is the simplest form and the molecular formula is how the molecule really exists.
- C.
The molecularl formula is the simplest form and the empirical formula is how the molecule really exists.
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
B. The empirical formula is the simplest form and the molecular formula is how the molecule really exists.Explanation
The empirical formula is always the simplest form of a molecule. It has all of the subscripts reduced in the same way you might reduce a fraction. The molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical and represents how the molecule really exists. For example, a molecule may have a formula of C2H6, but the empirical formula would be CH3Rate this question:
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- 17.
When a compound is a hydrate, that means....
- A.
The compound is bonded to one or more water molecules
- B.
The compound is dissolved in water
- C.
The compound is water
- D.
The compound has had all of the water removed.
Correct Answer
A. The compound is bonded to one or more water moleculesExplanation
Hydrates have water bonded within their structure. A hydrate can be a dry-looking solid. When heating a hydrate you can remove the bonded water and make the compound anhydrous (without water).Rate this question:
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- 18.
The limiting reagent (reactant) in a reaction is always the one...
- A.
With the smallest molar mass
- B.
The largest molar mass
- C.
The least amount of moles
- D.
The one that will run out first
- E.
More than one of the above.
Correct Answer
D. The one that will run out firstExplanation
The limiting reactant is always the reactant that will run out first in the reaction. It may have more or less moles than the excess reactant depending on the mole ratios in the balanced equation. The molar mass of the reactants are not a determining factor.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The percent yield is...
- A.
Is the most amount of product you can get in a chemical reaction
- B.
What you get when you divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield.
- C.
Is the least amount of product you can get in a chemical reaction
- D.
Is the yield produced by the excess reactant
Correct Answer
B. What you get when you divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield.Explanation
Percent yield is a measure of efficiency of a reaction. It is the actual (experimental) yield of a reaction divided by the theoretical (calculated / maximum) yield.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Absolute zero is
- A.
273 K
- B.
0 C
- C.
-273 K
- D.
-273 C
- E.
More than one of the above
Correct Answer
D. -273 CExplanation
Absolute zero is the coldest theoretical temperature. It is -273 on the celsius scale and 0 on the Kelvin scale. It is the point at which the volume of a gas is believed to be 0.Rate this question:
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- 21.
When a gas changes temperature in a flexible container....
- A.
Only the pressure will change
- B.
Only the volume will change
- C.
Volume and pressure will change
- D.
Nothing changes.
Correct Answer
C. Volume and pressure will changeExplanation
According to the combined gas law, when one of the three variables (temperature, pressure and volume), the other two will change also.Rate this question:
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- 22.
According to KMT,
- A.
Pressure is formed from the collisions of gas molecules with each other and the container
- B.
Volume is formed from the space between the molecules and not from the volume of the molecules themselves.
- C.
Attraction between gas molecules is minimized due to the speed at which they are traveling and the space between them.
- D.
All of the above are true
- E.
Two of the above are true, but one is false
- F.
All of the above are false.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above are trueExplanation
KMT, or kinetic molecular theory is defined from the assumptions listed in the first three options.Rate this question:
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May 06, 2024Quiz Edited by
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May 21, 2011Quiz Created by
Joleechem
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