Community Health Nursing Quiz Part 5
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Community Health Nursing Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which is CONTRARY to the principles in planning a home visit?
- A.
A home visit should have a purpose or objective.
- B.
The plan should revolve around family health needs.
- C.
A home visit should be conducted in the manner prescribed by the RHU.
- D.
Planning of continuing care should involve a responsible family member.
Correct Answer
C. A home visit should be conducted in the manner prescribed by the RHU.Explanation
While the Rural Health Unit (RHU) may provide general guidelines and protocols for conducting home visits, insisting that every visit must strictly adhere to a standardized procedure could be contrary to the principles of personalized care. Effective home visits should be flexible and adaptable to meet the specific and unique needs of each family or individual situation. They should be tailored to address the particular health concerns and conditions of the home environment, rather than following a one-size-fits-all approach. The other options emphasize adaptability and focus on individual and family health needs, which are aligned with best practices in providing home-based healthcare.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The pHN bag is an important tool in providing nursing care during a home visit. The most important principle of bag technique states that it
- A.
Should save time and effort.
- B.
Should minimize if not totally prevent the spread of infection.
- C.
Should not overshadow concern for the patient and his family.
- D.
May be done in a variety of ways depending on the home situation, etc.
Correct Answer
B. Should minimize if not totally prevent the spread of infection.Explanation
The most important principle of the bag technique in public health nursing, especially during home visits, is to minimize or totally prevent the spread of infection. This technique involves the proper use and handling of the PHN (Public Health Nurse) bag and its contents to ensure that instruments and supplies do not become a source of infection or cross-contamination between patients. The bag and its contents should be organized and maintained in a way that adheres to strict hygiene and sanitation standards, prioritizing the safety and well-being of both the healthcare provider and the patient. This principle is fundamental to ensuring effective and safe healthcare delivery in home settings.Rate this question:
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- 3.
To maintain the cleanliness of the bag and its contents, which of the following must the nurse do?
- A.
Wash his/her hands before and after providing nursing care to the family members.
- B.
In the care of family members, as much as possible, use only articles taken from the bag.
- C.
Put on an apron to protect her uniform and fold it with the right side out before putting it back into the bag.
- D.
At the end of the visit, fold the lining on which the bag was placed, ensuring that the contaminated side is on the outside.
Correct Answer
A. Wash his/her hands before and after providing nursing care to the family members.Explanation
Hand hygiene is paramount in maintaining the cleanliness of the bag and its contents during home visits. Washing hands both before and after providing care ensures that the nurse minimizes the risk of transmitting infectious agents to and from the bag’s contents and the patients. This practice is crucial for preventing the spread of infection and maintaining the overall sterility and efficacy of the medical tools and supplies within the PHN bag. While other actions regarding bag care are important, hand hygiene directly impacts the cleanliness and safety of the nursing care provided.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The public health nurse conducts a study on the factors contributing to the high mortality rate due to heart disease in the municipality where she works. Which branch of epidemiology does the nurse practice in this situation?
- A.
Therapeutic
- B.
Evaluation
- C.
Descriptive
- D.
Analytical
Correct Answer
C. DescriptiveExplanation
In this scenario, the public health nurse is practicing descriptive epidemiology. Descriptive epidemiology involves characterizing the distribution of health-related states or events by time, place, and person. By conducting a study to identify factors contributing to the high mortality rate due to heart disease in her municipality, the nurse is focusing on describing and monitoring the disease within a population. This approach helps in identifying patterns or trends and setting the stage for further analytical research to test hypotheses about causes of the disease. Descriptive epidemiology does not delve into the causal relationships directly but sets a foundation for such investigations.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is a function of epidemiology?
- A.
Identifying the disease condition based on manifestations presented by a client
- B.
Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3 year old
- C.
Determining the efficacy of the antibiotic used in the treatment of the 3 year old client with pneumonia
- D.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
Correct Answer
B. Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3 year oldExplanation
Epidemiology primarily focuses on studying the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations and applying this study to the control of health problems. One of its key functions is to identify and analyze the factors contributing to the occurrence of diseases, such as determining the factors that led to a 3-year-old contracting pneumonia. This involves looking at variables like environmental conditions, genetic predispositions, social determinants, and more, to understand how these factors contribute to the incidence of the disease within a specific population or individual case. This approach helps in shaping preventive strategies and health policies to reduce such occurrences.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is an epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic?
- A.
Conducting assessment of suspected cases to detect the communicable disease
- B.
Monitoring the condition of the cases affected by the communicable disease
- C.
Participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemic
- D.
Teaching the community on preventive measures against the disease
Correct Answer
C. Participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemicExplanation
During an epidemic, one of the crucial epidemiologic functions of a nurse is to participate in the investigation to determine the source and cause of the epidemic. This role involves collecting data, conducting interviews, and possibly assisting in field research to trace the origin and spread of the disease. Understanding the source is essential for controlling the spread and preventing future outbreaks. This function aligns with the core goals of epidemiology, which are to identify the etiology of diseases, modes of transmission, and effective control measures. Nurses play a pivotal role in these investigative efforts due to their direct contact with patients and their communities.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation is to
- A.
Delineate the etiology of the epidemic
- B.
Encourage cooperation and support of the community
- C.
Identify groups who are at risk of contracting the disease
- D.
Identify geographical location of cases of the disease in the community
Correct Answer
A. Delineate the etiology of the epidemicExplanation
The primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation is to delineate the etiology of the epidemic, meaning to determine the cause or origin of the disease outbreak. Understanding the etiology is crucial as it helps public health professionals develop targeted interventions, control strategies, and preventive measures to combat the spread of the disease. Identifying the pathogen involved, understanding how it spreads, and uncovering the factors that facilitated the outbreak are all essential components of managing and controlling an epidemic effectively. This foundational knowledge is crucial for formulating appropriate public health responses and policies.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which is a characteristic of person-to-person propagated epidemics?
- A.
There are more cases of the disease than expected.
- B.
The disease must necessarily be transmitted through a vector.
- C.
The spread of the disease can be attributed to a common vehicle.
- D.
There is a gradual build up of cases before the epidemic becomes easily noticeable.
Correct Answer
D. There is a gradual build up of cases before the epidemic becomes easily noticeable.Explanation
A characteristic feature of person-to-person propagated epidemics is the gradual build-up of cases before the epidemic becomes easily noticeable. This pattern occurs because the disease spreads through direct contact from one person to another, typically increasing in incidence as more individuals come into contact with infected individuals. This propagation often results in a slow initial increase in cases, which may accelerate as the infection spreads and more people become carriers of the pathogen. Unlike common vehicle spread, where many people might be exposed to the same source simultaneously, person-to-person transmission often exhibits a more staggered and progressive increase in cases.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In the investigation of an epidemic, you compare the present frequency of the disease with the usual frequency at this time of the year in this community. This is done during which stage of the investigation?
- A.
Establishing the epidemic
- B.
Testing the hypothesis
- C.
Formulation of the hypothesis
- D.
Appraisal of facts
Correct Answer
A. Establishing the epidemicExplanation
Comparing the present frequency of a disease with the usual frequency at the same time of year in a community is a critical step in establishing the epidemic. This comparison helps to determine whether there is indeed an unusual increase in disease incidence that would qualify as an epidemic. This stage involves gathering preliminary data to assess and confirm the presence of an epidemic by analyzing and comparing current disease rates against historical norms for the area. Establishing that an outbreak is occurring is the first crucial step before moving forward with formulating hypotheses, testing them, and finally implementing control measures.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The number of cases of Dengue fever usually increases towards the end of the rainy season. This pattern of occurrence of Dengue fever is best described as
- A.
Epidemic occurrence
- B.
Cyclical variation
- C.
Sporadic occurrence
- D.
Secular variation
Correct Answer
B. Cyclical variationExplanation
The pattern of occurrence of Dengue fever that sees an increase in cases towards the end of the rainy season is best described as cyclical variation. This term refers to changes in the frequency of a disease that follow a predictable pattern based on certain time periods. In the case of Dengue fever, the increase in cases is associated with the seasonal patterns of rainfall, which affect mosquito breeding and activity levels. Mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti, which transmit Dengue fever, breed more abundantly in stagnant water that accumulates more during the rainy season, leading to higher transmission rates as the season progresses.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Aug 11, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Expert Reviewed by
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Jan 30, 2012Quiz Created by
C23lemon
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