1.
An activity in which students are asked to compare the movements of dancers to those of various animals would be most useful for teaching _______.
Correct Answer
D. Aesthetic interpretation and awareness of form
Explanation
An activity in which students compare the movements of dancers to those of various animals would be most useful for teaching aesthetic interpretation and awareness of form. By observing and analyzing the movements of both dancers and animals, students can develop an understanding of how movement can be interpreted aesthetically and how form plays a role in dance. This activity encourages students to think critically about the artistic elements of dance and how it can be influenced by different sources, such as animals.
2.
Which of the following dance styles would be most appropriate for teaching third graders basic movement patterns and listening skills?
Correct Answer
A. Square dance
Explanation
Square dance would be the most appropriate dance style for teaching third graders basic movement patterns and listening skills. Square dancing involves simple movements and patterns that can be easily learned and followed by young children. It also requires active listening and following instructions, which helps develop their listening skills. Additionally, square dancing is a social dance that promotes teamwork and cooperation among the dancers, making it an ideal choice for teaching these skills to third graders.
3.
In most social dances, the movement of the partner who follows is based on _________.
Correct Answer
B. Specific pHysical cues from the partner who is leading
Explanation
In most social dances, the movement of the partner who follows is based on specific physical cues from the partner who is leading. This means that the follower pays attention to the movements, signals, and body language of the leader to understand and respond accordingly. The leader's physical cues guide the follower's steps, turns, and overall movement throughout the dance. This communication through physical cues allows for a synchronized and coordinated dance between the partners.
4.
Which of the following terms could be used to describe the quick tempo of a traditional Polka?
Correct Answer
D. Allegro
Explanation
Allegro is a musical term that indicates a fast tempo. In the context of a traditional Polka, which is known for its lively and energetic character, the term allegro accurately describes the quick tempo at which the dance is typically performed. Timbre refers to the quality of sound, legato refers to smooth and connected playing, and forte refers to playing loudly. While these terms may be applicable in other musical contexts, they do not specifically describe the tempo of a Polka.
5.
“The Wheels on the Bus” is good for teaching children the fundamentals of music and vocal performance for all of the following reasons, except:
Correct Answer
C. It requires extensive vocal range.
Explanation
"The Wheels on the Bus" is good for teaching children the fundamentals of music and vocal performance because it contains simple, easy-to-remember lyrics that are suitable for young learners. Additionally, it employs short, repetitive stanzas which help in reinforcing the song's structure and melody. Furthermore, it is highly visual and can be physicalized, allowing children to engage and interact with the song through actions and movements. However, it does not require an extensive vocal range, making it accessible for children with varying vocal abilities.
6.
Use the excerpt below to answer the question that follows.
The composition above is written in what key?
Correct Answer
B. E-flat major
Explanation
The composition is written in E-flat major because the key signature of E-flat major consists of three flats: B-flat, E-flat, and A-flat. The excerpt does not mention any accidentals or key changes, so it can be assumed that the piece is written in E-flat major.
7.
Which of the following best describes how a “lead sheet” would most typically be used by a small, experienced jazz ensemble?
Correct Answer
A. The lead sheet would indicate only the basic melody and chord changes. The jazz performers would be expected to “flesh out” the piece by adding improvisation, ornaments, and chordal accompaniment.
Explanation
A lead sheet is a simplified musical score that typically includes the melody and chord changes of a song. In the context of a small, experienced jazz ensemble, the lead sheet would serve as a framework for the performers to create their own improvisations and embellishments. It allows for individual interpretation and creativity, as the performers would add their own ornaments and chordal accompaniment to enhance the piece. This approach is common in jazz, where improvisation is a key element of the performance.
8.
In dramatic directing, the term "blocking" typically refers to ____________.
Correct Answer
C. Positioning the actors on the stage and mapping their movements
Explanation
In dramatic directing, the term "blocking" refers to the process of positioning the actors on the stage and planning their movements. This involves determining where each actor will stand, sit, or move during a scene, as well as coordinating their actions and interactions with other actors. Blocking is an essential aspect of creating the physicality and visual composition of a play, and it helps to convey the intended emotions and dynamics of the scenes. It also ensures that the actors are visible and audible to the audience, and that their movements are coordinated with other technical elements such as lighting and set design.
9.
Which of the following improvisational acting activities would best help students learn about character development?
Correct Answer
B. Making up a situation in which a student’s character must make a choice, and then asking them to play out the scene.
Explanation
Making up a situation in which a student's character must make a choice and then asking them to play out the scene would best help students learn about character development. This activity allows students to actively engage in creating and portraying a character in a specific context, which requires them to consider the character's motivations, thoughts, and actions. By improvising the scene, students can explore different aspects of their character's personality, decision-making process, and emotional responses, thus enhancing their understanding of character development in a practical and experiential way.
10.
Which of the following is a type of theatrical staging in which there is no clear distinction between the space of the audience and the space occupied by the performers?
Correct Answer
B. Environmental staging
Explanation
Environmental staging is a type of theatrical staging in which there is no clear distinction between the space of the audience and the space occupied by the performers. In this type of staging, the audience is immersed in the performance, often surrounded by the set and props, creating a more interactive and immersive experience. This type of staging is often used to break down the traditional barriers between the performers and the audience, allowing for a more intimate and dynamic connection between the two.
11.
________ space is a term for the area not occupied by the focus or subject of a painting.
Correct Answer
C. Negative
Explanation
Negative space refers to the empty or unoccupied areas in a painting that surround and define the main subject or focus. It is the space around and between the objects or figures in a composition. By utilizing negative space effectively, artists can create a sense of balance, contrast, and harmony in their artwork. It plays a crucial role in shaping the overall composition and enhancing the visual impact of the subject matter.
12.
Use the reproduction below of The Gleaners (1857), by Jean-Francois Millet, to answer the question that follows.
Millet’s prominent placement of the three women in the foreground most strongly supports which of the following thematic interpretations?
Correct Answer
D. By positioning the three women prominently in the frame, Millet is empHasizing the importance of the labors of the working class to 1850s society.
Explanation
Millet's placement of the three women in the foreground suggests that he is highlighting the significance of the working class's labor in 1850s society. By giving them a prominent position in the frame, Millet is drawing attention to their contributions and emphasizing their importance. This interpretation is supported by the fact that the aristocratic overseer in the background is depicted in a leisurely manner, creating a contrast between the working class and the upper class. This suggests that Millet is emphasizing the unjust disparity between the two classes and the value of the labor performed by the working class.
13.
The image above is an example of which style of art?
Correct Answer
A. Post-impressionism
Explanation
The image above is an example of post-impressionism because it displays the characteristics commonly associated with this art style. Post-impressionism emerged in the late 19th century as a reaction against the limitations of impressionism. It is characterized by the use of bold colors, expressive brushstrokes, and a focus on subjective emotions and interpretations of the artist. The image in question exhibits these traits, with its vibrant colors, visible brushstrokes, and a sense of personal expression. Therefore, it can be identified as an example of post-impressionism.
14.
Which of the following aspects of the game of basketball would not be considered a locomotor skill?
Correct Answer
B. creating accuracy in shooting through repetition
Explanation
Creating accuracy in shooting through repetition would not be considered a locomotor skill in the game of basketball. Locomotor skills are movements that involve traveling or moving from one place to another, such as jogging from one end of the court to the other, cutting around a defender while dribbling, or jumping vertically when rebounding. However, creating accuracy in shooting through repetition is a fine motor skill that focuses on hand-eye coordination and technique rather than physical movement or locomotion.
15.
Which of the following components are most important to a mature football throw?
Correct Answer
A. Spinning the ball off the fingertips and following through with the arm
16.
Which of the following is not a benefit directly linked with increased physical activity?
Correct Answer
D. Reduced risk of all types of cancer
Explanation
Increased physical activity has been shown to have numerous benefits, including improved self-esteem, greater body awareness, and reduced risk of heart disease. However, there is limited evidence to suggest that physical activity directly reduces the risk of all types of cancer. While regular exercise can indirectly lower the risk of certain cancers by promoting a healthy weight, reducing inflammation, and improving immune function, it is not a guaranteed preventive measure for all types of cancer.
17.
When working with a diabetic student you should do all of the following except ______.
Correct Answer
C. Excuse the student from all forms of cardiovascular exercise
Explanation
When working with a diabetic student, it is important to provide easy access to diabetes supplies, such as insulin and blood glucose monitoring devices, to ensure they can manage their condition effectively. Having snacks available to treat low blood sugar is also crucial as it helps prevent hypoglycemia and its associated symptoms. Allowing free access to bathrooms and water during class is necessary as frequent urination and increased thirst are common symptoms of diabetes. However, excusing the student from all forms of cardiovascular exercise is not necessary, as exercise is beneficial for managing diabetes and maintaining overall health.
18.
Jogging one mile four times per week would be most effective in improving a child’s __________?
Correct Answer
C. Cardio-respiratory endurance
Explanation
Jogging one mile four times per week would be most effective in improving a child's cardio-respiratory endurance. Cardio-respiratory endurance refers to the ability of the heart, lungs, and circulatory system to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the muscles during sustained physical activity. Jogging is a form of aerobic exercise that increases heart rate and breathing rate, thereby improving the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. Regular jogging helps strengthen the heart and lungs, improves blood circulation, and enhances the body's ability to utilize oxygen, leading to improved cardio-respiratory endurance.
19.
In baseball, which of the following is not a way in which a player is automatically out?
Correct Answer
A. A ground ball is caught when the player is at bat
Explanation
A ground ball is caught when the player is at bat is not a way in which a player is automatically out in baseball. In this scenario, if a ground ball is caught when the player is at bat, it is considered a normal play and the player would have the opportunity to run to first base or be thrown out by the defensive team. The other options listed - being tagged by another player, a base being tagged before a runner reaches it, and swinging and missing three pitches - are all situations where a player would be automatically out according to the rules of baseball.
20.
Which of the following is an appropriate goal for a third-grade physical education student?
Correct Answer
B. perform forward and backward tumbles
Explanation
An appropriate goal for a third-grade physical education student would be to perform forward and backward tumbles. This goal is suitable because it aligns with the physical abilities and developmental stage of a third-grade student. Tumbling exercises help improve coordination, balance, and body awareness, which are important skills at this age. Additionally, forward and backward tumbles are safe and achievable for a third-grade student, making it an appropriate goal for them to work towards.
21.
A child with a medium build would most likely excel at physical activities involving ________.
Correct Answer
C. Components of both movement and resisting external forces while staying in place
Explanation
A child with a medium build would most likely excel at physical activities involving components of both movement and resisting external forces while staying in place. This is because a medium build typically indicates a balanced combination of strength and agility, which are essential for activities that require both movement and the ability to resist external forces. Examples of such activities may include sports like wrestling or gymnastics, where the child needs to move their body while also maintaining stability and resisting the opponent's force.
22.
Which of the following is highest in unsaturated fat?
Correct Answer
B. Corn oil
Explanation
Corn oil is highest in unsaturated fat compared to lean beef, lard, and cooked pork. Unsaturated fats are considered healthier than saturated fats because they can help lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. Corn oil is rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, which are beneficial for the body when consumed in moderation. In contrast, lean beef, lard, and cooked pork contain higher amounts of saturated fats, which can raise cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease when consumed in excess.
23.
The President’s Fitness Challenge is a program encouraging students and teachers to focus on:
Correct Answer
A. building habits that encourage lifelong health and pHysical fitness
Explanation
The President's Fitness Challenge program aims to promote the development of habits that support lifelong health and physical fitness. This suggests that the program is focused on encouraging individuals, both students and teachers, to adopt healthy habits that they can sustain throughout their lives. This aligns with the goal of promoting long-term well-being rather than focusing solely on short-term achievements or competitive sports.
24.
A third grade teacher notices that most of the girls in her class have neater handwriting than the boys. What is the most likely explanation of this?
Correct Answer
B. Girls tend to develop fine motor skills earlier than boys.
Explanation
Girls tend to develop fine motor skills earlier than boys. This could explain why most of the girls in the class have neater handwriting compared to the boys. Fine motor skills involve the coordination of small muscles in the hands and fingers, which are important for tasks such as writing. As girls tend to develop these skills earlier, it is likely that they have had more practice and are able to write with greater control and precision.
25.
Which of the following activities would be most valuable in helping a student learn leadership skills and personal responsibility?
Correct Answer
A. Having the student organize a small sports activity for the class
Explanation
Having the student organize a small sports activity for the class would be most valuable in helping a student learn leadership skills and personal responsibility. This activity would require the student to take charge, make decisions, and coordinate with others. It would also require them to be responsible for the success of the activity, including planning, organizing, and ensuring everyone's participation. This would provide them with an opportunity to develop leadership skills, such as communication, problem-solving, and decision-making, while also teaching them personal responsibility and accountability for their actions.
26.
American Football is most closely related to which other sport?
Correct Answer
D. Rugby
Explanation
American Football is most closely related to rugby because both sports share similar origins and have many common elements. Both sports involve two teams competing to advance a ball towards a goal line and score points. They also share similar physicality and strategies, such as tackling and passing the ball. Additionally, American Football evolved from rugby and has been influenced by its rules and gameplay. Therefore, rugby is the sport that is most closely related to American Football.
27.
The understanding that objects continue to exist even if they are outside one’s field of perception is known as ________.
Correct Answer
B. Object permanence
Explanation
Object permanence refers to the understanding that objects continue to exist even if they are not currently being perceived. This concept is typically developed during infancy and is an important milestone in cognitive development. It allows individuals to understand that objects have a separate existence from their own perception and can be located in different places or hidden from view. This understanding is crucial for various cognitive processes, such as memory, problem-solving, and reasoning about the physical world.
28.
A teacher asks four children why you should not hit others and records their answers as follows:
Child 1: “Because you get in trouble and can’t go to recess.”
Child 2: “Because it is important for everyone to follow the classroom behavior rules.”
Child 3: “Because I wouldn’t want someone to hit me.”
Child 4: “Because the teacher says hitting others can cause injuries and isn’t nice.”
According to Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, which child’s answer represents the most advanced stage of moral development?
Correct Answer
C. Child 3
Explanation
Child 3's answer represents the most advanced stage of moral development according to Kohlberg's stages. This is because Child 3 shows empathy and understands the concept of treating others how they would like to be treated. This demonstrates a higher level of moral reasoning and consideration for others' well-being.
29.
According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, which of the following first begins to occur during the Concrete Operational Stage?
Correct Answer
B. Metacognition
Explanation
During the Concrete Operational Stage, children begin to develop metacognition. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about and reflect on one's own thoughts and cognitive processes. This stage is characterized by the child's ability to understand that their thoughts and beliefs may differ from others, and they can start to reflect on their own thinking and problem-solving strategies. It is an important milestone in cognitive development as it allows children to become more aware of their own cognitive abilities and improve their problem-solving skills.
30.
A young boy is given a series of instructions when first assembling a complex toy made of building blocks, and then later reassembles the toy without assistance. This could be best described as an example of _________.
Correct Answer
C. Success in a task through scaffolding
Explanation
In this scenario, the young boy is initially given instructions on how to assemble the complex toy, which can be seen as scaffolding. Scaffolding refers to the support or guidance provided by an adult or more knowledgeable peer to help a learner accomplish a task. The fact that the boy is able to later reassemble the toy without assistance suggests that he has successfully internalized the instructions and achieved success in the task through scaffolding.
31.
One example of a “non-traditional” intelligence model is Sternberg’s Triarchic intelligence model. Sternberg’s theory of intelligence is based on _________.
Correct Answer
B. Analytic, creative, and practical intelligence
Explanation
Sternberg's Triarchic intelligence model is based on the idea of three different types of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical intelligence. This model suggests that intelligence is not a single, fixed entity, but rather a combination of these three components. Analytic intelligence refers to the ability to analyze and evaluate information, creative intelligence involves the generation of new and innovative ideas, and practical intelligence relates to the application of knowledge and skills in real-life situations. This model goes beyond traditional views of intelligence and recognizes the importance of different abilities in different contexts.
32.
A child with a secure attachment to her caregiver usually develops a sense of __________.
Correct Answer
B. Autonomy
Explanation
A child with a secure attachment to her caregiver usually develops a sense of autonomy. This means that the child feels confident and independent in exploring their environment, making decisions, and taking actions on their own. They have a healthy sense of self and are able to develop their own identity separate from their caregiver. This secure attachment allows the child to feel safe and supported, which in turn fosters their independence and autonomy.
33.
Peer groups, clothing choices, and activity choices become increasingly important to adolescents because they _______.
Correct Answer
A. Help the adolescent define a sense of identity
Explanation
During adolescence, individuals go through a period of self-discovery and exploration. Peer groups, clothing choices, and activity choices play a crucial role in this process as they allow adolescents to express their individuality and find a sense of identity. By associating with certain peer groups, dressing in a particular way, and engaging in specific activities, adolescents can align themselves with like-minded individuals and establish their own unique identity. These choices provide them with a sense of belonging, self-expression, and the opportunity to shape their own identity separate from authority figures.
34.
A child sings into a hairbrush. This could be considered an example of __________.
Correct Answer
B. Symbolic play
Explanation
Symbolic play refers to the use of objects or actions to represent something else, often seen in children's imaginative play. In this case, the child singing into a hairbrush is using the hairbrush as a symbol for a microphone or a musical instrument, engaging in pretend play and creating a make-believe scenario. This type of play helps children develop their creativity, imagination, and cognitive skills as they use symbols to represent different objects or roles.
35.
Positive role models are considered to be important during a child’s early development because _________.
Correct Answer
A. children depend on modeling to develop various aspects of their personality
Explanation
During a child's early development, positive role models are considered important because children depend on modeling to develop various aspects of their personality. Role models serve as examples for children to learn from and imitate, helping them develop their values, beliefs, and behaviors. By observing and emulating positive role models, children can acquire important social, emotional, and cognitive skills that contribute to their overall development. These role models can provide guidance, inspiration, and support, shaping children's understanding of the world and helping them navigate through different situations.
36.
A group of birth defects caused by brain damage that affect control of movement are known as ______.
Correct Answer
A. cerebral palsy
Explanation
Cerebral palsy is a group of birth defects caused by brain damage that affect control of movement. It is a neurological disorder that can cause muscle stiffness, weakness, and coordination problems. It is not the same as Down syndrome, muscular dystrophy, or spina bifida, which are all different conditions with their own distinct characteristics and causes.
37.
Which of the following would not be considered a sociocultural factor influencing individual development?
Correct Answer
D. Poverty
Explanation
Poverty would not be considered a sociocultural factor influencing individual development because it is primarily an economic factor. Sociocultural factors refer to the social and cultural influences that shape an individual's development, such as family, race, and cultural perspective. While poverty can have an impact on an individual's development, it is more closely related to economic circumstances rather than social or cultural factors.
38.
Sudden onset of wetting and inflicting self-harm are typical symptoms of _________.
Correct Answer
B. sexual abuse
Explanation
Sudden onset of wetting and self-harm are typical symptoms of sexual abuse. Sexual abuse can cause significant emotional distress and trauma, leading to behavioral changes such as bedwetting and self-harm as a coping mechanism. These symptoms may be indicative of a child's attempt to cope with the overwhelming emotions and psychological pain associated with the abuse. It is important to recognize and address these symptoms promptly to protect the well-being of the individual and provide appropriate support and intervention.
39.
Which of the following sources of bias is generally important to consider when assessing a child anecdotally?
Correct Answer
A. Possible projections or misinterpretations of others observing the child
Explanation
When assessing a child anecdotally, it is important to consider possible projections or misinterpretations of others observing the child. This is because the observations and interpretations of others can be subjective and influenced by their own biases, which may lead to inaccurate assessments of the child's behavior. It is crucial to critically evaluate the source of information and consider the potential biases that may be present in order to make a more objective assessment of the child.