Thorax 2 Heart, Pericardium ETC. Dec 6, 2014 Gross Anatomy Lecture
Thorax 2 Heart, Pericardium
- 1.
The Following are True about the Pericardium Location Except?
- A.
Posterior to the body of the sternum & 2nd -6th costal cartilages
- B.
Anterior to the 4th- 6th thoracic vertebrae
- C.
Located in the middle of the mediastinum
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Anterior to the 4th- 6th thoracic vertebraeExplanation
b. is wrong because the Pericardium location anteriorly is from the 5th to 8th Thoracic VertebraeRate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following is True about the Pericardium?
- A.
Prevents excessive dilation of the heart in cases of acute volume overload
- B.
It serve as a lubricated container in which the different parts of the heart
- C.
Protects it from infections coming from other organs (such as lungs)
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
All are True because The Pericarduim Function as a Lubricant protectection of the heartRate this question:
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- 3.
It is a ligament that attaches the fibrous pericardium to the sternum
Correct Answer
Sternopericardial Ligaments
SternopericardialExplanation
The sternopericardial ligaments are a group of ligaments that connect the fibrous pericardium to the sternum. These ligaments help to anchor and stabilize the heart within the chest cavity. They are located on the anterior surface of the heart and provide support to the pericardium, helping to maintain its position and prevent excessive movement or displacement.Rate this question:
- 4.
There are 2 kinds of Pericardium List at least one
Correct Answer
Fibrous
Fibrous Pericardium
Serous pericarduim
Serous
Serous and Fibrous Pericardium
Serous Pericardium and Fibrous Pericardium
Fibrous Pericardium and Serous PericardiumExplanation
The Pericardium has 2 layer the Superficial called the Fibrous Pericardium, while the innermost is called the Serous PericarduimRate this question:
- 5.
All Heart Attack start with severe pain?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False because Your Heart attack may start slowly with only mild chest pain or discomfort, or you may not get any pain at all- just discomfort in other areas of your upper body. You may also get a shocking feeling on your Throat , or heavy and useless armsRate this question:
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- 6.
The Following is False about the heart except
- A.
Hollow muscular organ
- B.
Pyramid shaped
- C.
Located inferiorly to the diaphragm
- D.
Located approximately between the 5th and 6th rib
Correct Answer
C. Located inferiorly to the diapHragmExplanation
The heart is located superiorly to the diaphargmRate this question:
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- 7.
The following are the surfaces of the heart except?
- A.
Sternocostal
- B.
Apex
- C.
Diaphragmatic
- D.
Base
Correct Answer
B. ApexExplanation
The Heart has 3 surface the Sternocostal, diaphragmatic and the baseRate this question:
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- 8.
The Following are False about the Apex, except?
- A.
Directed downward, forward, and to the right
- B.
Formed by the Right ventricle
- C.
Lies at Level of the 6th intercostal spaces
- D.
Lies opposite to the base
Correct Answer
D. Lies opposite to the baseExplanation
The Apex is downward, forward, and to the left, it is Formed by the left ventricleRate this question:
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- 9.
The following are True about the right atrium except
- A.
It has 3 opening
- B.
Consist of a main cavity & and a small outpouching auricle
- C.
It is the First chamber where the deoxygenated blood flows from the organs
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. It has 3 openingExplanation
The Right Atrium has 4 opening the Superior Vena cava, inferior Vena Cava, Coronary Sinuses, Right Atrioventricular orificeRate this question:
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- 10.
The heart rest on its Base?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The heart rest on its diaphragmatic (inferior) surfaceRate this question:
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- 11.
The Following are False about the Left Atrium except?
- A.
Consists of a main cavity and a left auricle
- B.
Situated anteriorly behind the right atrium
- C.
It is separated from the esophagus by the Serous pericardium
- D.
The interior of the left atrium is rough
Correct Answer
A. Consists of a main cavity and a left auricleExplanation
The left atrium is not situated anteriorly behind the right atrium, but rather posteriorly. The left atrium consists of a main cavity and a left auricle, it is separated from the esophagus by the serous pericardium, and the interior of the left atrium is rough.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The Following are True about the Left ventricle except?
- A.
It has a circular cross section
- B.
It has the thickest wall among the chambers
- C.
Communicates with the Left atrium through the atrioventricular orifice
- D.
Its Trabeculae Carnae is not well developed
Correct Answer
D. Its Trabeculae Carnae is not well developedExplanation
Its Trabeculae Carnae is well developedRate this question:
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- 13.
The Following are True about the Aortic Valve, except?
- A.
Consists of 3 cups
- B.
Guards the atrioventricular orifice
- C.
It has a similar structure to the pulmonary valve
- D.
It acts as a gate between the aorta and left venticle
Correct Answer
B. Guards the atrioventricular orificeExplanation
guards the aortic orificeRate this question:
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- 14.
The Following are True about the Ventricular Septum smaller part , except?
- A.
Thin
- B.
Thick
- C.
Membranous
- D.
Attached to the fibrous skeleton
Correct Answer
B. ThickExplanation
The ventricular septum is a wall that separates the left and right ventricles of the heart. It is composed of two parts, a smaller part and a larger part. The smaller part of the ventricular septum is thin, membranous, and attached to the fibrous skeleton. Therefore, the correct answer is "Thick" because the smaller part of the ventricular septum is not thick.Rate this question:
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- 15.
It is a wall that divides the right and left atria
Correct Answer
Atrial
Atrial Septum
Interatrial
interatrial septumExplanation
Atrial Septum divides the right and left atriaRate this question:
- 16.
The following are True about the skeleton of the heart, Except?
- A.
It forms the basis of electrical discontinuity between the atria and the ventricles
- B.
It only surrounds the atrioventricular and aortic orifices
- C.
Prevents the valve from stretching
- D.
Consist of Fibrous rings
Correct Answer
B. It only surrounds the atrioventricular and aortic orificesExplanation
surrounds the atrioventricular, aortic and pulmonary orificesRate this question:
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- 17.
The following are Conducting System of the Heart, Except?
- A.
Sinuatrial node
- B.
Sinuatrial bundle
- C.
Atrioventricular node
- D.
Atrioventricular bundle
Correct Answer
B. Sinuatrial bundleExplanation
The correct answer is Sinuatrial bundle. The conducting system of the heart is responsible for coordinating the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles. It includes the Sinuatrial node, which is often referred to as the pacemaker of the heart, as it initiates the electrical impulses that regulate the heart's rhythm. The Atrioventricular node is located between the atria and ventricles and helps to transmit the electrical signals from the atria to the ventricles. The Atrioventricular bundle, also known as the Bundle of His, is a specialized bundle of fibers that conducts the electrical impulses from the Atrioventricular node to the ventricles. Therefore, the Sinuatrial bundle is not a part of the conducting system of the heart.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the normal heart beat rate in a resting new born child ages 0- 1 month old
Correct Answer
70-190
70-190 beats/min
70-190 beat
70-190 beats/min
70-190 beats/minute
130-150
130-150 beats
130-150 beats/min
130-150 beats/minute
130-150 bpmExplanation
The normal heart beat rate in a resting newborn child ages 0-1 month old can range from 70 to 190 beats per minute (bpm) or 130 to 150 beats per minute (bpm).Rate this question:
- 19.
The pericardium is a double sac membrane in which the outer membrane is the "visceral" pericardium.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is the parietal layerRate this question:
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- 20.
The valves found at the entrance to the pulmonary artery and the aorta are known as "semilunar"
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The valves found at the entrance to the pulmonary artery and the aorta are known as "semilunar" because they have half-moon shaped flaps. These valves prevent the backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles, ensuring that blood flows in one direction only. The semilunar valves open when the ventricles contract and close when the ventricles relax, allowing blood to be pumped out of the heart and preventing it from flowing back into the heart.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The Speed of conduction of the cardiac impulse through the atrioventricular node is about 0.11 seconds
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The speed of conduction of the cardiac impulse through the atrioventricular node is about 0.11 seconds. This means that it takes approximately 0.11 seconds for the electrical signal to travel from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles of the heart. This is an important aspect of the heart's electrical system as it allows for proper coordination and timing of the heart's contractions.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The Following are False about Right Coronary Artery, Except?
- A.
Arises from the anterior aortic sinus of the descending aorta
- B.
Descend almost vertically in the right atrioventricular bundle
- C.
Runs Forward between the pulmonary trunk and the left auricle
- D.
It branches supply the right atrium and right ventricles only
Correct Answer
C. Runs Forward between the pulmonary trunk and the left auricleExplanation
Arises from the anterior aortic sinus of the ascending aorta,
Descend almost vertically in the right atrioventricular groove
It branches supply the right atrium and right ventricles, It also suply parts of the left atrium left ventricle and the atrioventricular septumRate this question:
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- 23.
It is also known as Bundle of His
Correct Answer
Atrioventricular Bundle
AtrioventricularExplanation
the Atrioventricular Bundle is also known as Bundle of His because German Physician named Wilhelm His He was one of the first to recognize that the heartbeat originates in nodes of modified heart muscle. In 1893 he described the atrioventricular bundleRate this question:
- 24.
The heart is situated in the middle of the mediastinum posterior to the breastbone in the chest, at the level of thoracic vertebrae T4-T8
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The heart is situated in the middle of the mediastinum posterior to the breastbone in the chest, at the level of thoracic vertebrae T5-T8Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of The Statements is False?
- A.
The Left Coronary Artery larger than the Right Coronart Artery
- B.
The Coronary Sinus lies posteriorly of the atrioventricular bundle
- C.
The Coronary Sinus is one of the opening of the right ventricle
- D.
The Mitral Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum: opposite the 4th costal cartilage
Correct Answer
B. The Coronary Sinus lies posteriorly of the atrioventricular bundleExplanation
The Coronary Sinus lies posteriorly of the atrioventricular grooveRate this question:
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- 26.
The Following Supply the Heart except
- A.
Phrenic Nerve
- B.
Cardiac Plexus
- C.
Parasympathetic Supply
- D.
Sympathetic Supply
Correct Answer
A. pHrenic NerveExplanation
The Phrenic nerve Supply the Dia[hargmRate this question:
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- 27.
The Following Statements are False ,Except?
- A.
The Tricuspid Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum :opposite the 5th Intercostal Space
- B.
The Pulmonary Valve lies behind the medial end of the 4th left costal cartilage
- C.
The Aortic Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum : opposite the 4th costal cartilage
- D.
The Mitral Valve has 3 cups
Correct Answer
B. The Pulmonary Valve lies behind the medial end of the 4th left costal cartilageExplanation
The Tricuspid Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum :opposite the 4th Intercostal Space
The Mitral Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum : opposite the 3rd costal cartilage
The Mitral Valve has 2 cupsRate this question:
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- 28.
It describes all the activities of the heart through one complete heartbeat—that is, through one contraction and relaxation of both the atria and ventricles. A contraction event (of either the atria or ventricles) is referred to as systole, and a relaxation event is referred to as diastole
Correct Answer
Cardiac CycleExplanation
The given statement describes the Cardiac Cycle, which refers to all the activities of the heart during one complete heartbeat. It includes both the contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) events of both the atria and ventricles. The Cardiac Cycle is an essential process that allows the heart to pump blood effectively throughout the body.Rate this question:
- 29.
It is formed by the union of the two brachiocephalic vein?
- A.
Inferior Vena Cova
- B.
Superior Vena Cava
- C.
Azygous Vein
- D.
Pulmonary Veins
Correct Answer
B. Superior Vena CavaExplanation
The correct answer is the Superior Vena Cava. The Superior Vena Cava is formed by the union of the two brachiocephalic veins. It is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart.Rate this question:
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- 30.
It is often formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar vein and the right subcostal vein
- A.
Azygous Vein
- B.
Superior Vena Cava
- C.
Inferior Vena Cava
- D.
Pulmonary Vein
Correct Answer
A. Azygous VeinExplanation
The azygous vein is often formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar vein and the right subcostal vein. This vein is a major tributary of the superior vena cava, which is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart. The inferior vena cava, on the other hand, carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart. The pulmonary vein, in contrast, carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Therefore, the correct answer is the azygous vein.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The atrioventricular (AV) valve on the right side of the heart is known as the bicuspid, or mitral, valve.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is called the Tricuspid ValveRate this question:
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- 32.
It consist of superior and inferior hemiazygos vein
- A.
Inferior Vena Cava
- B.
Superior Vena Cava
- C.
Azygos Vein
- D.
Pulmonary Vein
Correct Answer
C. Azygos VeinExplanation
The azygos vein is a major vein in the body that drains blood from the posterior abdominal wall and thoracic wall into the superior vena cava. It is formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar vein and the right subcostal vein. The azygos vein then ascends on the right side of the vertebral column, receiving blood from various veins along its course. It eventually arches over the root of the right lung to join the superior vena cava. Therefore, the azygos vein is the correct answer as it consists of superior and inferior hemiazygos veins.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The Azygous Vein Drains blood from the following organ ,Except?
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Pericaridium
- C.
Diaphragm
- D.
Bronchi
Correct Answer
A. StomachExplanation
The azygous vein drains blood from various organs in the body, including the pericardium, diaphragm, and bronchi. However, it does not drain blood from the stomach. The azygous vein is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the chest and abdominal walls back to the heart.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The Following are False abot the Inferior Hemiazygos Vein, Except?
- A.
Ascends through the right Crus of the diaphragm
- B.
It is a vein running superiorly in the lower thoracic region, just to the left side of the vertebral column
- C.
Turns to the right and joins the azygos vein at the level of 6th Thoracic Vertebra
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. It is a vein running superiorly in the lower thoracic region, just to the left side of the vertebral columnExplanation
Ascends through the left Crus of the diaphragm
Turns to the right and joins the azygos vein at the level of 8th Thoracic VertebraRate this question:
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- 35.
This part of the Aorta begins in the base of the Left ventricle, It runs upward and forward to come lie behind the right half of thru the sternum, and It lies within the fibrous pericardium
- A.
Arch of Aorta
- B.
Decending Thoracic Aorta
- C.
Ascending Aorta
- D.
Abdominal Aorta
Correct Answer
C. Ascending AortaExplanation
The given description matches the characteristics of the ascending aorta. It starts at the base of the left ventricle, runs upward and forward, and is located within the fibrous pericardium. Therefore, the correct answer is the ascending aorta.Rate this question:
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- 36.
It is the main arterial trunk that delivers oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart.
Correct Answer
AortaExplanation
The aorta is the main artery in the body that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body. It is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to all the organs and tissues. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and plays a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation.Rate this question:
- 37.
The Following Statements are True about the Pulmonary Trunk, Except?
- A.
About 2in.(5cm) Long
- B.
Conveys oxygenated blood from the heart
- C.
Enclosed in the fibrous pericardium and a sheath of serous pericardium
- D.
Leaves the upper part of the right ventricle and runs upward, backward, and to the left
Correct Answer
B. Conveys oxygenated blood from the heartExplanation
Conveys deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the LungsRate this question:
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- 38.
The Following are False about the Descending thoracic Aorta, Except?
- A.
Begins as a continuation of the arch of aorta
- B.
Lies inferior to the mediastinum
- C.
Begins at the Level of T11
- D.
It has 2 branches
Correct Answer
A. Begins as a continuation of the arch of aortaExplanation
The descending thoracic aorta does not begin as a continuation of the arch of the aorta. Instead, it begins at the level of T11. The other statements are true: it lies inferior to the mediastinum and it has two branches.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The Following are Branches of Arch of the Aorta , Except?
- A.
Bonchial Arteries
- B.
Left Common carotid Artery
- C.
Left subclavian Artery
- D.
Brachiocephalic Artery
Correct Answer
A. Bonchial ArteriesExplanation
The Bonchial Arteries is a banched of the Descending AortaRate this question:
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