DNA Replication And Protein Synthesis
Explore the mechanisms of DNA replication and protein synthesis, including semiconservative replication, phases of cell division, and the roles of key enzymes and structures.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
During this process, parental strands of DNA separate, serve as templates, and produce DNA molecules that have one strand of parental DNA and one strand of new DNA.
- A.
Semirepublican conservatism
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Doubling
- D.
Semiconservative Replication
Correct Answer
D. Semiconservative ReplicationExplanation
Semiconservative replication is the correct answer because it accurately describes the process of DNA replication. In semiconservative replication, the parental strands of DNA separate, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new DNA strand. The resulting DNA molecules have one strand of parental DNA and one strand of newly synthesized DNA, hence the term "semiconservative." This process ensures that the genetic information is preserved and accurately passed on to the daughter cells during cell division.Rate this question:
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- 2.
During which phase of Mitosis and Meiosis does DNA replication occur?
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Anaphase
Correct Answer
A. InterphaseExplanation
During the interphase of both mitosis and meiosis, DNA replication occurs. Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle and is divided into three stages: G1, S, and G2. During the S phase, DNA replication takes place, where the DNA molecules are duplicated to form sister chromatids. This ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information during cell division. Therefore, the correct answer is interphase.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The enzyme responsible for unwinding and unzipping the double helix.
- A.
DNA Ligase
- B.
RNA Polymerase
- C.
DNA Helicase
- D.
DNA Polymerase
Correct Answer
D. DNA PolymeraseExplanation
DNA Polymerase is the correct answer because it is the enzyme responsible for unwinding and unzipping the double helix during DNA replication. It catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA strands by adding complementary nucleotides to the existing strands. DNA Ligase, RNA Polymerase, and DNA Helicase have different functions in DNA replication and transcription processes. DNA Ligase is responsible for joining the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, RNA Polymerase synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription, and DNA Helicase unwinds the double helix ahead of the replication fork.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The three steps of DNA replication are?
Correct Answer
Unwinding Base pairing JoiningExplanation
The three steps of DNA replication are unwinding, base pairing, and joining. Unwinding refers to the separation of the two strands of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs. Base pairing involves the complementary pairing of nucleotides, where adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Joining refers to the formation of phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotides on the newly synthesized DNA strand, resulting in the formation of two identical DNA molecules.Rate this question:
- 5.
Remember, that the 2 strands of DNA are duplicated differently. The leading strand built continuously from the 3’ end. The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in small fragments called:
- A.
Okazaki Fragments
- B.
Oahu Fragments
- C.
DNA Pieces
- D.
Guanine
Correct Answer
A. Okazaki FragmentsExplanation
The correct answer is Okazaki Fragments. Okazaki fragments are short segments of DNA that are synthesized discontinuously on the lagging strand during DNA replication. They are formed in the opposite direction of the replication fork and are later joined together by DNA ligase to form a continuous strand. This process allows for efficient and accurate replication of both strands of DNA.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 18, 2022Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
May 07, 2009Quiz Created by
Jemccaul
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