1.
1. Light fixtures are classified by
Correct Answer
A. The way they distribute light
Explanation
Light fixtures are classified based on the way they distribute light. This refers to how the light is spread or directed by the fixture. Different light fixtures have different methods of distributing light, such as downward, upward, or in multiple directions. This classification helps in choosing the right fixture for specific lighting needs or preferences.
2.
2. Which light classification directs from 40 to 60 percent of its light upward above the area to be lighted?
Correct Answer
D. General diffusing
Explanation
The correct answer is general diffusing. General diffusing light classification directs from 40 to 60 percent of its light upward above the area to be lighted. This means that the majority of the light is directed upwards, creating a soft and evenly distributed illumination in the space. Unlike other classifications like indirect, semi direct, and semi indirect, general diffusing provides a balanced lighting effect without causing glare or harsh shadows.
3.
3. Which classification of light fixture directs all its light so that the entire ceiling and upper side walls become the light source?
Correct Answer
A. Indirect
Explanation
An indirect light fixture directs all its light upwards towards the ceiling and upper side walls, causing them to become the primary source of light in the room. This type of lighting creates a soft and diffused illumination that helps to evenly distribute light throughout the space without creating harsh shadows or glare.
4.
4. What is the unit of measurement for lumens per square meter?
Correct Answer
A. Lux
Explanation
Lux is the unit of measurement for lumens per square meter. Lux measures the amount of light that falls on a surface or is emitted from a source. It is commonly used to determine the brightness or intensity of light in various applications such as photography, lighting design, and scientific research. The higher the lux value, the brighter the light.
5.
5. The efficiency range of a lamp is measure in lumens per
Correct Answer
C. Watt
Explanation
The efficiency range of a lamp is measured in watts. Watts measure the rate at which energy is consumed or produced. In the case of a lamp, it indicates the amount of electrical power that is converted into light. The higher the wattage, the brighter the lamp will be. Therefore, measuring the efficiency of a lamp in watts allows us to understand how effectively it converts electrical energy into light.
6.
6. Incandescent lamps have efficiencies ranging from
Correct Answer
B. 6 to 24 lumens per watt
Explanation
Incandescent lamps have efficiencies ranging from 6 to 24 lumens per watt. This means that for every watt of energy consumed, these lamps produce a light output ranging from 6 to 24 lumens. The efficiency of an incandescent lamp is determined by its design and the materials used. Incandescent lamps are known for their low efficiency compared to other types of lighting, as a significant amount of energy is wasted as heat rather than light.
7.
7. What is the diameter of a T8 lamp?
Correct Answer
C. 8/8 inch
Explanation
The diameter of a T8 lamp is 8/8 inch. This means that the diameter is equal to 1 inch.
8.
8. What frequency should you expect to find in electronic ballasts used in fluorescent lighting systems?
Correct Answer
D. 25,000 to 40,000 Hz
Explanation
Electronic ballasts used in fluorescent lighting systems typically operate at high frequencies, typically ranging from 25,000 to 40,000 Hz. These high frequencies are used to eliminate flickering and provide a steady and consistent light output. This high frequency also helps to reduce the size and weight of the ballast, making it more efficient and compact.
9.
What is used to power a light emitting diode (LED) array in a non-integrated LED fixture?
Correct Answer
B. LED driver
Explanation
An LED driver is used to power a light emitting diode (LED) array in a non-integrated LED fixture. LED drivers provide the necessary electrical current and voltage regulation to ensure proper functioning of the LED array. They convert the incoming power supply to a suitable level for the LED, protecting it from voltage fluctuations and ensuring efficient operation. LED starters, LED ballasts, and LED transformers are not typically used for powering LED arrays, making LED driver the correct answer.
10.
10. What is a disadvantage of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps?
Correct Answer
D. Restrike time
Explanation
Restrike time is a disadvantage of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps. Restrike time refers to the time it takes for the lamp to restart and reach full brightness after a power interruption or when it is switched off and then on again. HID lamps have a longer restrike time compared to other types of lamps, which can be inconvenient in situations where immediate lighting is necessary. This delay in restrike time can cause disruptions and delays in various applications, such as outdoor lighting or industrial settings, where continuous and uninterrupted lighting is required.
11.
11. What are the voltages that the 150 watt high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp comes in?
Correct Answer
A. 55 and 100 volts
Explanation
The 150 watt high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp comes in voltages of 55 and 100 volts.
12.
12. What color light is associated with high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps?
Correct Answer
B. Golden
Explanation
High-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps emit a golden color light. This is because HPS lamps contain sodium vapor, which emits light in the yellow-orange spectrum when an electric current passes through it. The golden color of the light produced by HPS lamps is known for its high efficiency and is commonly used in outdoor lighting applications such as streetlights.
13.
13. Which type of fixture is installed by laying it into the grid of a suspended ceiling?
Correct Answer
D. Troffer
Explanation
A troffer is a type of fixture that is installed by laying it into the grid of a suspended ceiling. It is specifically designed to fit into a standard ceiling grid system and provide even lighting throughout the space. This type of fixture is commonly used in commercial buildings and offices to provide a clean and seamless appearance to the suspended ceiling while also providing efficient and uniform lighting.
14.
14. When installing an octagon box for a new flush mount fixture what is important to ensure that the mounting method does not fail?
Correct Answer
A. Box is sized to support the fixture
Explanation
To ensure that the mounting method does not fail when installing an octagon box for a new flush mount fixture, it is important to ensure that the box is sized to support the fixture. This means that the box should be able to securely hold the weight and size of the fixture without any risk of it falling or becoming unstable. The size and weight of the fixture should be taken into consideration when selecting the appropriate box to ensure a safe and secure installation.
15.
15. What are the two types of phase cut dimmers?
Correct Answer
A. Forward and reverse
Explanation
The correct answer is "forward and reverse". Phase cut dimmers are used to control the brightness of lights by adjusting the amount of power delivered to the light source. Forward phase cut dimmers reduce the power at the beginning of each AC cycle, while reverse phase cut dimmers reduce the power at the end of each AC cycle. This subtle difference in timing allows for different types of light bulbs to be dimmed effectively.
16.
16. How does a phase cut dimmer operate?
Correct Answer
C. The root mean square (RMS) voltage is reduced by turning off a portion of the input waveform
Explanation
A phase cut dimmer operates by reducing the root mean square (RMS) voltage by turning off a portion of the input waveform. This means that the dimmer cuts off a part of the waveform, resulting in a lower voltage and therefore dimming the light or reducing the power of the device being controlled.
17.
17. What is the light output of a fixture using a 0-10V ballast with 10 volts on the low voltage control circuit?
Correct Answer
D. 100%
Explanation
When a fixture is using a 0-10V ballast with 10 volts on the low voltage control circuit, it means that the ballast is receiving the maximum voltage input. In this case, the light output of the fixture will be at its highest level, which is 100%. Therefore, the correct answer is 100%.
18.
18. What type of light fixture is typically used to illuminate aircraft on the parking apron?
Correct Answer
D. 1000W -1500W high intensity discharge (HID) floodlight
Explanation
The correct answer is 1000W -1500W high intensity discharge (HID) floodlight. This type of light fixture is typically used to illuminate aircraft on the parking apron because it provides a high level of brightness and coverage. HID floodlights are known for their powerful light output and are commonly used in outdoor settings where a large area needs to be illuminated. The high wattage of 1000W -1500W ensures that the light can reach a long distance and adequately illuminate the aircraft on the apron.
19.
19. In an incandescent lamp, how much consumed energy is lost in the form of heat?
Correct Answer
D. 90%
Explanation
In an incandescent lamp, a significant amount of energy is lost in the form of heat. This is because incandescent lamps work by passing an electric current through a filament, which heats up and emits light. However, only a small portion of the energy is actually converted into visible light, while the majority is dissipated as heat. Therefore, approximately 90% of the consumed energy in an incandescent lamp is lost in the form of heat.
20.
20. What device is used in high intensity discharge (HID) lamps to limit current as the lamp heats up?
Correct Answer
A. Ballast
Explanation
A ballast is used in high intensity discharge (HID) lamps to limit the current as the lamp heats up. The ballast helps regulate the flow of electricity, preventing the lamp from drawing too much current and potentially causing damage. It also helps stabilize the voltage and provides the necessary starting voltage for the lamp to ignite. Overall, the ballast plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe and efficient operation of HID lamps.
21.
21. What letter represents the American National Standards Institute's special designation code for high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps?
Correct Answer
A. S
Explanation
The correct answer is S. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has designated the letter S as the special code for high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. This code is used to identify and classify different types of lamps based on their characteristics and specifications.
22.
22. When installing fixtures, ensure uniform lighting by
Correct Answer
D. Adjusting fixtures so that illuminated areas overlap
Explanation
Adjusting fixtures so that illuminated areas overlap ensures uniform lighting because it helps to eliminate any dark spots or uneven lighting in the area. When fixtures are adjusted in such a way that their illuminated areas overlap, it ensures that there is a consistent distribution of light throughout the space, preventing any areas from being too bright or too dim. This technique helps to create a balanced and even lighting environment. Using only mercury vapor or high pressure sodium fixtures does not guarantee uniform lighting, as the type of fixture alone does not address the issue of overlapping illuminated areas.
23.
23. To ensure that the proper amount of light is provided after fixture installation, check the lighting with
Correct Answer
C. A light meter
Explanation
A light meter is used to measure the intensity of light in a given area. In the context of fixture installation, using a light meter ensures that the proper amount of light is provided. By measuring the light levels, one can determine if the installed fixtures are providing the desired amount of illumination. This helps in ensuring that the lighting conditions are suitable for the intended purpose, whether it is for a home, office, or any other space.
24.
24. When trouble shooting a 120 volt photocell, which conductor should provided power to the light fixture?
Correct Answer
A. Load (red)
Explanation
When troubleshooting a 120 volt photocell, the load conductor (red) should provide power to the light fixture. The load conductor carries the electrical current from the photocell to the fixture, allowing it to receive power and illuminate. The line conductor (black) carries the incoming power from the source to the photocell, while the neutral conductor (white) completes the circuit and carries the current back to the source. Therefore, the load conductor is the correct answer in this case.
25.
25. To prevent injury during re-lamping procedures, you must
Correct Answer
D. Do all of the above tasks
Explanation
To prevent injury during re-lamping procedures, it is necessary to do all of the above tasks. Wearing leather gloves protects the hands from potential cuts or burns. De-energizing the light fixture ensures that there is no electrical current flowing, reducing the risk of electric shock. Wearing approved safety goggles protects the eyes from any flying debris or shards that may occur during the process. By combining all these safety measures, the risk of injury during re-lamping procedures is minimized.
26.
26. Which airfield lights have yellow filters installed for the last 2,000 feet of runaway?
Correct Answer
B. Runway edge lights
Explanation
Runway edge lights have yellow filters installed for the last 2,000 feet of the runway. These lights are used to define the edges of the runway and provide visual guidance to pilots during takeoff, landing, and taxiing. The yellow filters help differentiate the last 2,000 feet of the runway from the rest of the runway, alerting pilots to the approaching end of the runway. This helps ensure safe navigation and prevent runway overshoots.
27.
27. Which airfield lights provide positive identification of the beginning of the operational runway surface for approaching aircraft?
Correct Answer
A. Threshold lights
Explanation
Threshold lights provide positive identification of the beginning of the operational runway surface for approaching aircraft. These lights are located at the threshold, which is the starting point of the runway. They are typically white and may be flashing or steady, depending on the airport. Pilots use these lights to visually identify the beginning of the runway during approach and landing.
28.
28. Which airfield fixture is unidirectional?
Correct Answer
D. Approach
Explanation
An approach is a unidirectional airfield fixture because it refers to the path or course that an aircraft follows when landing or approaching the runway. It is a designated route that guides the aircraft towards the runway, ensuring a safe and precise landing. Unlike the other options listed, such as the runway centerline, taxiway edge, and runway edge, which are all bidirectional and can be used for both takeoff and landing, the approach is specifically designed for landing purposes only.
29.
29. Which of the following items are found on ALSF-2 approaches?
Correct Answer
D. 500 foot bar
Explanation
ALSF-2 (Approach Lighting System with Sequenced Flashing Lights, Category II) is an approach lighting system used for Category II precision instrument approaches. It includes runway edge lights, runway end lights, and a 500-foot bar. The 500-foot bar is a row of lights located 500 feet from the threshold of the runway, providing additional visual cues for pilots during the approach.
30.
30. What color is used for the taxiway edge light?
Correct Answer
C. Blue
Explanation
The color used for the taxiway edge light is blue. This color is used to differentiate the taxiway from other areas of the airport and to provide guidance for pilots and ground personnel. Blue lights are typically placed along the edges of the taxiway to mark its boundaries and help pilots navigate safely.
31.
31. One of the main control panels for the airfield lights is in the vault; where is the other panel located?
Correct Answer
A. Control tower
Explanation
The other panel for the airfield lights is located in the control tower.
32.
32. What should you have available if your system uses 48 volt DC control?
Correct Answer
B. An extra power supply module
Explanation
If a system uses 48 volt DC control, it is important to have an extra power supply module available. This is because the power supply module is responsible for providing the necessary electrical power to the system. Having an extra module ensures that in case the primary power supply module fails or malfunctions, the backup module can be easily swapped in to prevent any disruption in the system's operation.
33.
33. The standard control cable for an airfield lighting control system has how many conductors?
Correct Answer
D. 7
Explanation
The standard control cable for an airfield lighting control system has 7 conductors. This means that the cable is designed to carry electrical signals or power through 7 separate channels or paths. Each conductor serves a specific purpose in the control system, such as transmitting signals for turning on or off the lights, adjusting their intensity, or monitoring their status. Having 7 conductors allows for the efficient and reliable operation of the airfield lighting control system.
34.
34. Which airfield vault device is used to swap location of control of the airfield lights?
Correct Answer
B. Transfer switch
Explanation
A transfer switch is used to swap the location of control of the airfield lights. This device allows for the transfer of control from one location to another, ensuring that the lights can be operated from different control points as needed. The other options listed, such as the MA-1 panel, pilot relay panel, and circuit breaker panel, do not specifically serve the purpose of swapping control of the airfield lights.
35.
35. What size cable is used for airfield light field circuits?
Correct Answer
D. No. 8
Explanation
The size cable used for airfield light field circuits is No. 8.
36.
36. How are the output leads of an airfield regulator labeled?
Correct Answer
C. H1 and H2
Explanation
The output leads of an airfield regulator are labeled as H1 and H2.
37.
37. What size counterpoise is used for airfield lighting circuits?
Correct Answer
A. N0. 4 AWG
Explanation
The correct answer is N0. 4 AWG. The counterpoise used for airfield lighting circuits is typically N0. 4 AWG.
38.
38. What must be done before replacing an isolating (IL) transformer?
Correct Answer
D. De-energize, tag, and ground the circuit
Explanation
Before replacing an isolating (IL) transformer, the circuit must be de-energized, tagged, and grounded. This is to ensure the safety of the person replacing the transformer and to prevent any electrical accidents or hazards. De-energizing the circuit means disconnecting the power supply to the transformer, tagging it ensures that others are aware that work is being done on the circuit, and grounding the circuit helps to discharge any residual electrical energy. By following these steps, the risk of electric shock or other accidents can be minimized.
39.
39. What feature is common to elevated airfield lights?
Correct Answer
C. They are built with frangible construction
Explanation
Elevated airfield lights are built with frangible construction. Frangible construction means that the lights are designed to break or collapse upon impact, reducing the risk of damage to aircraft in the event of a collision. This feature is important for safety reasons, as it helps to minimize the potential for accidents or injuries.
40.
40. The primary purpose of the rotating/airport beacon is to
Correct Answer
D. Guide the pilot to the airfield
Explanation
The rotating/airport beacon is primarily used to guide the pilot to the airfield. It provides a visual reference point for pilots to locate the airfield, especially at night or during low visibility conditions. The beacon's rotating light helps pilots identify the location of the airport and align their aircraft accordingly for landing.
41.
41. How many revolutions per minute (RPM) does the airport beacon turn?
Correct Answer
A. 6
Explanation
The airport beacon turns at a speed of 6 revolutions per minute (RPM). This means that the beacon completes a full rotation 6 times in one minute.
42.
42. What occurs when the operating lamp in the airport beacon fails?
Correct Answer
D. A reserve lamp is placed in operation automatically
Explanation
When the operating lamp in the airport beacon fails, a reserve lamp is automatically placed in operation. This ensures that the beacon continues to function properly and provides the necessary visual guidance to pilots and other aircraft personnel.
43.
43. What voltage is necessary to run the airport beacon?
Correct Answer
B. 120/240 volts
Explanation
The correct answer is 120/240 volts. This is because the airport beacon requires a voltage range of 120/240 volts to operate. This means that it can be powered by either a 120-volt or a 240-volt electrical system.
44.
44. What device can be used to change voltage up or down for the airport beacon lamps?
Correct Answer
C. The tap changer in the distrubtion transformer
Explanation
The tap changer in the distribution transformer can be used to change the voltage up or down for the airport beacon lamps. This device allows for adjusting the voltage output of the transformer to meet the specific requirements of the beacon lamps, ensuring they receive the correct voltage for optimal performance.
45.
45. What do we use to clean the airport beacon's slip rings?
Correct Answer
A. Wood alcohol
Explanation
Wood alcohol is used to clean the airport beacon's slip rings. It is a solvent that can effectively remove dirt, grime, and other contaminants from the slip rings, ensuring smooth and efficient operation. Using wood alcohol helps to maintain the functionality and longevity of the slip rings, preventing any potential issues or malfunctions.
46.
46. What station marks the start of the strobe system?
Correct Answer
C. Station 30+00
Explanation
The correct answer is station 30+00. This station marks the start of the strobe system.
47.
47. How often does each strobe light unit flash?
Correct Answer
B. Twice each second
Explanation
Each strobe light unit flashes twice each second. This means that the strobe light unit flashes two times within a one-second interval.
48.
48. The strobe system is capable of producing how many brightness steps?
Correct Answer
C. 3
Explanation
The strobe system is capable of producing three brightness steps.
49.
49. The wire that connects the flash head to the individual control cabinet is rated at
Correct Answer
B. 3 kV
Explanation
The wire that connects the flash head to the individual control cabinet is rated at 3 kV. This rating indicates the maximum voltage that the wire can safely handle without risk of damage or electrical failure. It is important to use a wire with a voltage rating that is equal to or higher than the voltage being carried to ensure safe and reliable operation.
50.
50. When does the hour (elapsed time) meter operate?
Correct Answer
C. When system is operated on high intensity
Explanation
The hour (elapsed time) meter operates when the system is operated on high intensity. This means that the meter measures the amount of time that the system has been running at a high intensity level. It does not operate when the system is turned on, in stand by mode, or operated on medium intensity.