Essence Of Critical care Assessment Quiz
Ready to take our awesome critical care assessment quiz? Whether you've delved into this subject or believe you possess a solid understanding, dive into this quiz to put your knowledge to the test. With multiple-choice questions, you'll choose the most fitting answers. Your scores will be revealed at the quiz's conclusion. So, without further ado, let's embark on this learning adventure. Best of luck!
Critical Care Assessment Questions and Answers Questions and Answers
- 1.
The essence of critical care is:
- A.
Showing up for work everyday
- B.
The balance between oxygen supply and demand
- C.
The balance between beer and kielbasa
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. The balance between oxygen supply and demandExplanation
The essence of critical care is the balance between oxygen supply and demand. This means that in critical care, the focus is on ensuring that patients receive enough oxygen to meet their body's demands. This balance is crucial for the proper functioning of vital organs and overall patient well-being. It involves closely monitoring oxygen levels, adjusting ventilation support, and providing necessary interventions to optimize oxygenation. Showing up for work every day and the balance between beer and kielbasa are not relevant to the essence of critical care.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Determinants of cardiac output include:
- A.
Heart and rate rhythm
- B.
Preload and after load
- C.
Contractility
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The determinants of cardiac output include the heart's rate and rhythm, which refers to how fast and regular the heart beats. Preload and afterload are also determinants, with preload representing the amount of blood in the ventricles before contraction, and afterload representing the resistance the heart must overcome to pump blood out. Lastly, contractility refers to the strength of the heart's contractions. All of these factors contribute to determining the cardiac output, making the correct answer "All of the above."Rate this question:
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- 3.
Oxygen supply to the body is determined by:
- A.
Cardiac output
- B.
Hemoglobin concentration
- C.
Oxygen saturation
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is A, B, and C because oxygen supply to the body is determined by multiple factors. Cardiac output refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, which affects the delivery of oxygen to tissues. Hemoglobin concentration is the amount of oxygen-carrying protein in the blood, and oxygen saturation measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound to oxygen. All three factors play a role in determining the overall oxygen supply to the body.Rate this question:
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- 4.
According to the Gallop Poll, nurses routinely come out on top in patient customer relations, higher than physicians, dentists and members of clergy. Despite this favorable response, negative images of nursing still exist. Therefore in an attempt to promote nurses as key players in healthcare, we can:
- A.
Develop a better self image to ensure better public image
- B.
Speak to the public about what we do
- C.
Be a role model everywhere we go
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The Gallop Poll shows that nurses have a strong reputation for patient customer relations, surpassing physicians, dentists, and members of the clergy. However, negative perceptions of nursing still persist. To combat this, nurses should focus on developing a positive self-image to project a better public image. Additionally, they should actively engage with the public to educate them about the role and responsibilities of nurses. Finally, nurses should strive to be role models in all aspects of their lives. Therefore, all of the above strategies can be effective in promoting nurses as key players in healthcare.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What two pacer modes will give the patient fixed atrial pacing?
- A.
DDD and DVI
- B.
DVI and AAI
- C.
DVI and AOO
- D.
AOO and AAI
Correct Answer
C. DVI and AOOExplanation
DVI mode provides pacing in both the atria and ventricles, with a fixed atrial pacing rate. AOO mode provides pacing only in the atria, with a fixed atrial pacing rate. Therefore, both DVI and AOO modes will give the patient fixed atrial pacing.Rate this question:
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- 6.
To promote a positive image of the nursing profession, you need to be able to communicate effectively.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Somewhat true
- D.
Can't say
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Effective communication is crucial in promoting a positive image of the nursing profession. Nurses interact with patients, their families, and other healthcare professionals on a daily basis. By communicating effectively, nurses can build trust, establish rapport, and provide quality care. Good communication skills also contribute to patient satisfaction and positive outcomes. Therefore, it is true that to promote a positive image of the nursing profession, effective communication is essential.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Conduction disturbances following OHS may be related to:
- A.
Manipulation of the conduction system
- B.
Cardiac edema
- C.
Electrolyte imbalance
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Conduction disturbances following open-heart surgery (OHS) may be related to the manipulation of the conduction system during the procedure, cardiac edema which can interfere with the normal conduction pathways, and electrolyte imbalances that can disrupt the electrical signals in the heart. Therefore, all of the above factors can contribute to conduction disturbances following OHS.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The mechanism that allows the patient ‘s intrinsic activity to be recognized by the pacemaker is:
- A.
Sensitivity
- B.
Capture
- C.
Millivolts
- D.
Threshold
Correct Answer
A. SensitivityExplanation
The mechanism that allows the patient's intrinsic activity to be recognized by the pacemaker is sensitivity. Sensitivity refers to the ability of the pacemaker to detect the patient's own heartbeats. It is set at a level that allows the pacemaker to recognize and respond to the patient's intrinsic activity, while still providing appropriate pacing when needed. By adjusting the sensitivity, the pacemaker can ensure that it does not interfere with the patient's natural heart rhythm and only provides pacing when necessary.Rate this question:
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- 9.
People’s perception of you can lead to a positive or negative relationship. Perception, being more than how you look, includes:
- A.
Your attitude
- B.
Your affect
- C.
Your tone of voice
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
People’s perception of you can lead to a positive or negative relationship. This is because perception goes beyond just physical appearance and includes various factors such as attitude, affect, and tone of voice. These elements contribute to how others perceive and interpret your behavior and can ultimately determine the nature of your relationship with them. Therefore, all of the mentioned factors play a role in influencing people's perception of you and subsequently shaping the quality of your relationship with them.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Charles Jenkins, a 47 yo male with a history of aortic stenosis, is experiencing weakness, fatigue and decreased exercise tolerance. A cardiac catheterization revealed a 60mm pressure gradient across the aortic valve and calcification of the aortic ring. On POD #2, Mr. Jenkins developed a heart rate of 42 and his BP dropped to 84/20 and respirations were 22. A rhythm strip recorded showed:
- A.
Sinus bradycardia
- B.
Sick sinus syndrome
- C.
Mobitz II
- D.
Third degree heart block
Correct Answer
D. Third degree heart blockExplanation
The given symptoms and findings suggest that Charles Jenkins is experiencing a severe blockage of electrical signals between the atria and ventricles of his heart. This is indicated by the low heart rate (42 bpm) and the significant drop in blood pressure. Third degree heart block, also known as complete heart block, is a condition where there is a complete blockage of electrical signals between the atria and ventricles, resulting in a slow and irregular heartbeat. This condition can cause weakness, fatigue, and decreased exercise tolerance, which are consistent with Charles Jenkins' symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Mr. Jenkins returned to surgery and had a permanent dual-chamber pacemaker implanted. The following strip was recorded in CTICU. It revealed:
- A.
Normal sinus rhythm
- B.
Left bundle branch block
- C.
P-wave tracking pacing or DDD pacing mode
- D.
Ventricular demand or DVI pacing mode
Correct Answer
C. P-wave tracking pacing or DDD pacing modeExplanation
The strip recorded in the CTICU showed normal sinus rhythm, left bundle branch block, and P-wave tracking pacing or DDD pacing mode. This means that the patient's heart was beating in a normal rhythm, but there was a delay in the electrical conduction in the left bundle branch. The pacemaker was set to track the P-waves and deliver pacing in the DDD mode, which means it was pacing both the atria and ventricles as needed. This mode ensures proper synchronization of the heart's chambers and helps maintain a normal heart rhythm.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A magnet was placed over the dual pacer generator. Which pacing mode is produced after applying the magnet?
- A.
DDD
- B.
DOO
- C.
VVI
- D.
VOD
Correct Answer
B. DOOExplanation
When a magnet is placed over a dual pacer generator, it triggers a magnet mode response. In this case, the pacing mode that is produced after applying the magnet is DOO. DOO stands for Dual-chamber pacing, with both the atrium and ventricle being paced asynchronously. This mode is typically used when the patient's natural heart rhythm is completely absent or unreliable.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Certification can enhance one’s professional image and integrity. An offset of certification is:
- A.
Credibility within the nursing profession, along with recognition and positive self image
- B.
Value is monetary only
- C.
Has no professional value
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Credibility within the nursing profession, along with recognition and positive self imageExplanation
Certification can enhance one's professional image and integrity because it provides credibility within the nursing profession. It signifies that the individual has met certain standards and possesses the necessary knowledge and skills in their field. This recognition and validation from peers and employers can boost one's self-image and confidence. Additionally, certification demonstrates a commitment to ongoing professional development and staying up-to-date with current practices, which further enhances credibility and professional value.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Stewardship is a process that:
- A.
Creates a collaborative environment , in which information is shared, people partner to learn and support each other and which leads to improved patient outcomes along the way.
- B.
Only works within a professional ladder hierarchy
- C.
Creates an antagonistic environment
- D.
Is no longer an acceptable practice in professional development
Correct Answer
A. Creates a collaborative environment , in which information is shared, people partner to learn and support each other and which leads to improved patient outcomes along the way.Explanation
Stewardship is a process that creates a collaborative environment where information is shared, people partner to learn and support each other, and ultimately leads to improved patient outcomes. This implies that stewardship goes beyond a professional ladder hierarchy and does not create an antagonistic environment. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration and support among individuals in order to enhance patient care. Therefore, the correct answer aligns with the concept of stewardship as a collaborative process.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Oxygen demand of the body may be affected by:
- A.
Temperature
- B.
Muscle activity such as shivering
- C.
Agitation
- D.
The work of breathing
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The oxygen demand of the body can be influenced by various factors such as temperature, muscle activity (like shivering), agitation, and the work of breathing. These factors can increase the body's need for oxygen as they require more energy and metabolic activity. Therefore, all of the mentioned factors can affect the oxygen demand of the body.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Without a pulmonary artery catheter, a nurse can evaluate the adequacy of cardiac output by assessing:
- A.
Heart rate and blood pressure
- B.
Peripheral pulses and skin temperature
- C.
Urine output and acid-base balance
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
A nurse can evaluate the adequacy of cardiac output by assessing heart rate and blood pressure, as changes in these parameters can indicate changes in cardiac output. Additionally, peripheral pulses and skin temperature can also provide information about cardiac output, as decreased peripheral pulses and cool skin can suggest poor perfusion. Furthermore, urine output and acid-base balance can be indicators of cardiac output, as decreased urine output and imbalances in acid-base levels can be associated with decreased cardiac output. Therefore, all of the above assessments can help in evaluating the adequacy of cardiac output.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Identify the following pacemaker strip:
- A.
AAI
- B.
VVI
- C.
DDD
- D.
CCC
Correct Answer
A. AAIExplanation
The correct answer is AAI. AAI is a type of pacemaker mode that stands for atrial pacing, atrial sensing, and inhibited ventricular pacing. In this mode, the pacemaker paces the atrium, senses the atrial activity, and inhibits ventricular pacing if the atrium is able to initiate a heartbeat. This mode is commonly used in patients with intact atrioventricular (AV) conduction but who have a slow heart rate or intermittent AV block.Rate this question:
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- 18.
When caring for a patient with epicardial wires and pacer:
- A.
Always wear gloves
- B.
Ensure all connections are secure
- C.
Do not defibrillate over the wires
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Always wear glovesExplanation
The correct answer is "Always wear gloves" because when caring for a patient with epicardial wires and pacer, it is important to maintain proper infection control measures. Wearing gloves helps to prevent the transmission of any potential pathogens and ensures the safety of both the patient and the healthcare provider.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Patient /family discharge education for post permanent pacemaker insertion includes all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Avoid all microwave ovens
- B.
Do not scrub the insertion site
- C.
Call your doctor with an elevated temperature
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Avoid all microwave ovensExplanation
The correct answer is "Avoid all microwave ovens." After a permanent pacemaker insertion, patients and their families are educated about various aspects of care. This includes not scrubbing the insertion site to prevent infection and contacting the doctor if the patient has an elevated temperature, which could indicate an infection. However, avoiding all microwave ovens is not necessary or relevant to post-pacemaker care.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Mr. Smith just had an AVR/CABG and has arrived in the CTICU. During his first hour post-op, his chest tubes drained 360ml, his urine output is 60ml, his heart rate rose to 106, his BP drifted to 92/60 and his arterial blood gas revealed a base excess of-4.5. Appropriate initial actions include:
- A.
Give sodium bicarbonate and increase the minute ventilation
- B.
Administer volume, either 5% albumin or Lactated Ringers
- C.
Consult the blood transfusion protocol and call the cardiac surgeon
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The appropriate initial actions for Mr. Smith include giving sodium bicarbonate and increasing the minute ventilation, administering volume (either 5% albumin or Lactated Ringers), and consulting the blood transfusion protocol and calling the cardiac surgeon. This is because Mr. Smith's chest tubes draining 360ml indicate potential bleeding, his low urine output suggests decreased renal perfusion, his elevated heart rate and low blood pressure may indicate hypovolemia, and his arterial blood gas showing a base excess of -4.5 suggests metabolic acidosis. Therefore, all of the above actions are necessary to address these potential issues and stabilize Mr. Smith's condition.Rate this question:
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- 21.
During the second hour post-op, Mr. Smith’s labs reveal hemoglobin of 8.1, an INR of 1.6, and a platelet count of 81K. His serum bicarbonate was 18.1 before you gave him sodium bicarbonate. The chest tubes have drained another 360ml. Appropriate further action includes:
- A.
Transfuse packed red blood cells
- B.
Make sure the Blood Bank is keeping 4 units of packed red blood cells available at all times
- C.
All of the above
- D.
Ask the per diem to cover your patient while you go to dinner
Correct Answer
C. All of the aboveExplanation
The patient's labs reveal a low hemoglobin level, indicating anemia, which may require a blood transfusion. The INR level is slightly elevated, indicating a potential issue with blood clotting, which may also require a transfusion of packed red blood cells. The platelet count is low, suggesting thrombocytopenia, which may require platelet transfusion. The low serum bicarbonate level indicates acidosis, which was addressed by giving sodium bicarbonate. The drainage of 360ml from the chest tubes suggests ongoing bleeding, further supporting the need for blood transfusion. Therefore, all of the above actions are appropriate.Rate this question:
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- 22.
During this third hour post-op, Mr. Smith’s bleeding seems to be slowing down (about 100ml over 30 minutes) but then he awoke abruptly, thrashing about in bed and causing both ventilator and heart rate alarms to go off. He looks a little blue and the PA tracing has become dampened. You are not sure of the cardiac output and are afraid that he is going to dislodge something or start bleeding again if he does not settle down. The phone is ringing and you suspect Dr. Stahl is calling for report. The best course of action is
- A.
Recruit help from your colleagues, even if you have to go to the “front” to get it
- B.
Get muscle relaxant from the Pyxis
- C.
Ask the Operating Room to send someone from Anesthesia over
- D.
Once you get him quiet, gently pull back on the PA catheter 2-3 cm before flushing it
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The best course of action in this situation is to recruit help from colleagues, even if you have to go to the "front" to get it, get muscle relaxant from the Pyxis, ask the Operating Room to send someone from Anesthesia over, and once you get him quiet, gently pull back on the PA catheter 2-3 cm before flushing it. This is because Mr. Smith's sudden awakening and thrashing about in bed could potentially dislodge something or cause further bleeding. Getting help from colleagues and obtaining a muscle relaxant can help calm him down and prevent any further complications. Pulling back on the PA catheter before flushing it can also help ensure its proper placement and function.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The “3 P’s” of patient care are:
- A.
Paperwork, politics and paranoia
- B.
Primping, preening and plastic surgery
- C.
Checking regularly on the patient regarding “pain, potty, and positioning”
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Checking regularly on the patient regarding “pain, potty, and positioning”Explanation
The correct answer is "checking regularly on the patient regarding 'pain, potty, and positioning'". This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the three important aspects of patient care that healthcare professionals should regularly monitor. Pain management, ensuring proper toileting needs, and maintaining a comfortable and safe position are crucial for providing comprehensive and effective care to patients. The other options listed in the question are not related to patient care or are not appropriate aspects to focus on in a healthcare setting.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A patient should receive a blood transfusion when:
- A.
Hemoglobin drops below 11
- B.
Hemoglobin drops below 9
- C.
Hemoglobin drops below 7
- D.
Physiologic triggers, such as low perfusion to the brain, heart, intestines or kidneys, suggest the necessity
Correct Answer
C. Hemoglobin drops below 7Explanation
A patient should receive a blood transfusion when their hemoglobin drops below 7. This is because hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues, and a hemoglobin level below 7 indicates severe anemia. At this level, the patient may experience symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and weakness. Therefore, a blood transfusion is necessary to increase the hemoglobin level and improve oxygen delivery to the tissues.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A drug used to treat post-op hypotension and low cardiac output that has no inotropic effect is:
- A.
Epinephrine
- B.
Phenylephrine
- C.
Ephedrine
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. pHenylepHrineExplanation
Phenylephrine is the correct answer because it is a drug commonly used to treat post-operative hypotension and low cardiac output. Unlike epinephrine and ephedrine, phenylephrine does not have any inotropic effect, meaning it does not directly affect the force of contraction of the heart. This makes it a suitable choice for patients who do not require an increase in cardiac contractility but still need treatment for low blood pressure and cardiac output.Rate this question:
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- 26.
NTG post MI has what benefit?
- A.
Increases preload, decreases after load, decreases BP, elevates MVE demand
- B.
Decreases preload, increases after load, elevates BP, elevates MVE consumption
- C.
Decreases preload, decreases after load, elevates BP, decreases MVE delivery
- D.
Decreases preload, decreases after load, decreases BP, elevates MVE delivery
Correct Answer
D. Decreases preload, decreases after load, decreases BP, elevates MVE deliveryExplanation
After a myocardial infarction (MI), the heart's ability to pump blood is compromised. Decreasing preload (the amount of blood filling the heart) and afterload (the resistance the heart has to overcome to pump blood out) helps reduce the workload on the heart and improve its efficiency. Decreasing blood pressure (BP) is important to prevent strain on the heart and reduce the risk of further damage. Elevating myocardial oxygen demand (MVE delivery) is necessary to ensure adequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle. Therefore, decreasing preload, decreasing afterload, decreasing BP, and elevating MVE delivery are all beneficial in post-MI management.Rate this question:
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- 27.
When educating the patient/family member regarding the patient’s use of non prescription herbal supplements, the following have been associated with excessive bleeding:
- A.
Omega 3, garlic
- B.
Omega 6, garlic
- C.
Garlic, ginseng, basil
- D.
Garlic, ginseng, gingko
- E.
Garlic, ginger, Echinacea
Correct Answer
D. Garlic, ginseng, gingkoExplanation
Garlic, ginseng, and gingko have been associated with excessive bleeding when used as non prescription herbal supplements. These substances have anticoagulant properties, meaning they can thin the blood and increase the risk of bleeding. It is important to educate patients and their family members about the potential risks and side effects of using these supplements, especially if they are taking other medications or have underlying health conditions that may increase their risk of bleeding.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Mr. Jones, age 44, arrives in the ED with c/o sudden SOB, dizziness, “heart pounding”. He has no history of similar presenting symptoms. Past medical history: MVR age 22, congenital disorder. TPR 98.7, 136 (irregular) 30. BP 90/70, Sat O2 91%, diaphoretic and anxious. BP is low because of:
- A.
PMH
- B.
Fatigue
- C.
Uncontrolled AF
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Uncontrolled AFExplanation
The correct answer is "uncontrolled AF". AF stands for atrial fibrillation, which is an irregular and fast heart rhythm. In this scenario, Mr. Jones is experiencing symptoms of shortness of breath, dizziness, and a pounding heart, which are commonly associated with uncontrolled AF. Additionally, his blood pressure is low (90/70) and he is diaphoretic and anxious, which can be attributed to the irregular and fast heart rhythm. Therefore, uncontrolled AF is the most likely cause of his low blood pressure.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Mr. Jones is given an IV dose of diltiazem, his heart rate continues at 128. Why is immediate cardioversion considered?
- A.
Age and gender
- B.
Lack of anticoagulation
- C.
Onset of AF less than 48 hours
- D.
Lack of adequate rate control with diltiazem
Correct Answer
C. Onset of AF less than 48 hoursExplanation
Immediate cardioversion is considered in this case because the patient's heart rate continues at 128 and the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) is less than 48 hours. Early cardioversion is often recommended for patients with recent-onset AF to restore normal sinus rhythm and prevent complications. Age and gender, lack of anticoagulation, and lack of adequate rate control with diltiazem are not specifically mentioned as reasons for immediate cardioversion in this scenario.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A drug that may cause intra coronary steal away from ischemic areas is:
- A.
Norepinephrine
- B.
Nitroprusside
- C.
Nicardipine
- D.
Enalaprilat
Correct Answer
B. NitroprussideExplanation
Nitroprusside is a drug that may cause intra coronary steal away from ischemic areas. Intra coronary steal refers to the redistribution of blood flow within the coronary arteries, away from areas of ischemia or inadequate blood supply. Nitroprusside is a vasodilator that acts by relaxing smooth muscles in blood vessels, including those in the coronary arteries. This relaxation can lead to increased blood flow to non-ischemic areas, potentially diverting blood away from areas with compromised blood supply.Rate this question:
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Nov 02, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jun 01, 2010Quiz Created by
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