Exam 2 Food And Nutrition

Athletes should drink water before, after, and during exercise to stay hydrated and maintain optimal performance. Before exercise, drinking water helps to ensure that the body is properly hydrated and ready for physical activity. During exercise, drinking water helps to replace the fluids lost through sweating and prevent dehydration. After exercise, drinking water helps to replenish the fluids lost during the workout and aids in the recovery process. By drinking water at these times, athletes can maintain their hydration levels and support their overall athletic performance.

Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting as it activates proteins involved in the process. It also plays a role in activating proteins in bones, muscles, and kidneys, although only to a small extent (10%). The intestines are responsible for supplying this vitamin. The answer does not mention anything about energy metabolism or the proper function of the nervous system, so these are not relevant to the explanation.

Alcohol dehydrogenase is the enzyme that helps break down and metabolize alcohol. This enzyme is responsible for converting alcohol into acetaldehyde, which is then further metabolized into acetic acid and eventually eliminated from the body. Without alcohol dehydrogenase, alcohol would not be effectively broken down and eliminated, leading to higher levels of alcohol in the bloodstream and prolonged intoxication.

The correct answer is "need for energy metabolism and the proper function of the nervous system." This is because Vitamin B plays a crucial role in converting the food we eat into energy that our body can use. It also helps in maintaining the health of our nervous system, which is responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of our body. Without sufficient Vitamin B, our energy levels may decrease, and we may experience issues with our nervous system, such as numbness or tingling sensations. Additionally, Vitamin B is involved in cell growth and the development of red blood cells, but these are not the primary reasons for its need as stated in the question.

Positive and negative balance refers to the state of energy intake and expenditure. In a positive energy balance, the intake of energy exceeds the expenditure, leading to weight gain. On the other hand, a negative energy balance occurs when the expenditure of energy exceeds the intake, resulting in weight loss. The given answer, "Positive and Negative Balance," does not directly relate to the explanation provided.

Herbs are not always safe to consume. While many herbs have medicinal properties and can be beneficial for health, some herbs can have adverse effects or interact negatively with certain medications. It is important to research and consult with a healthcare professional before consuming herbs to ensure safety and avoid any potential risks or side effects.

The correct answer is "Cell growth, Floate promotes normal digestion; essential for development of red blood cells." This answer accurately describes the functions of Vitamin B6, which include promoting cell growth, supporting normal digestion, and playing a crucial role in the development of red blood cells. Additionally, Vitamin B6 is necessary for energy metabolism and the proper functioning of the nervous system.

The correct answer includes foods such as wheat germ, nuts and seeds, margarine, and green leafy vegetables. These foods are all excellent sources of vitamin E. Wheat germ is particularly high in vitamin E, with just one ounce providing over 20% of the recommended daily intake. Nuts and seeds, such as almonds, sunflower seeds, and hazelnuts, are also rich in vitamin E. Margarine, especially if it is fortified with vitamin E, is another good source. Lastly, green leafy vegetables like spinach and kale contain vitamin E as well.

When you have more muscle mass, your body requires more energy to maintain and support that muscle. This means that your metabolism is higher and you burn more calories throughout the day, even at rest. Therefore, the statement "more muscle = more calories you burn" is a correct explanation of the effect of increased muscle mass on calories burned throughout the day.

Potassium is the electrolyte that helps regulate blood pressure. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of fluids in the body, which directly affects blood pressure. Potassium helps relax the walls of blood vessels, promoting better blood flow and reducing the strain on the cardiovascular system. Adequate potassium intake can help lower high blood pressure and decrease the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

pregnant women, and nursing women are at a higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency. Strict vegans are at risk because vitamin B12 is predominantly found in animal products. Elderly individuals may have decreased absorption of vitamin B12 due to age-related changes in the stomach. People with stomach cancer, gastric bypass, pregnant women, and nursing women may also have impaired absorption or increased demand for vitamin B12.

Consuming excessive amounts of vitamin A during pregnancy can lead to poor pregnancy outcomes. High levels of vitamin A have been associated with an increased risk of birth defects and developmental issues in the fetus. It is recommended for pregnant women to avoid consuming excessive amounts of vitamin A, especially in the form of supplements or medications, to ensure a healthy pregnancy.

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The answer suggests that the recommended water intake for different groups of population is 8-12 cups per day. This means that these groups of people need to consume at least 8 cups and up to 12 cups of water daily to maintain proper hydration. However, it is important to note that individual water needs may vary depending on factors such as age, activity level, climate, and overall health.

Alcohol damages the cell membrane. The cell membrane is a protective layer that surrounds the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Alcohol can disrupt the structure and function of the cell membrane, leading to cell damage and dysfunction. This can have various negative effects on the overall health and functioning of the cell and potentially impact the surrounding tissues and organs.

The correct answer is body processes involving involuntary activities only such as heartbeat, breathing, and chemical reactions. This is because basal metabolism refers to the energy expended by the body for these basic functions that are necessary for survival. It does not include the energy expended during digestion, absorption, and other voluntary activities.

The given options suggest that the amount of calories in a low fat product and a full fat product will be the same. This implies that the fat content does not affect the calorie content of the product. However, without additional information or context, it is difficult to determine the accuracy of this statement.

The given answer correctly identifies the foods that are high in sodium, such as canned foods, hotdogs/sausage, French fries, frozen foods, and rommen noodles. It also correctly identifies fresh fruits/vegetables like potatoes, peaches, and tomatoes as foods high in potassium.

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