Fecamds Quiz(Aau Mbc 212 Quiz)

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  • 1/26 Questions

    ________ hormone is released in  response to hypoxia in renal  circulation,

    • Calcitriol
    • Renin
    • Aldosterone
    • Vasopressin
    • Erythropoitin
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About This Quiz

This quiz is designed for AAU students preparing for pre MBBS exams.

Fecamds Quiz(Aau Mbc 212 Quiz) - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    _________ is not a function of the  kidney

    • Removal of waste from the body

    • Maintenance of acidbase balance

    • Production of hormones

    • Regulation of blood pressure

    • Storage of glycogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Storage of glycogen
    Explanation
    The kidney is not responsible for the storage of glycogen. Glycogen is a form of glucose storage in the liver and muscles, not in the kidneys. The kidneys primarily function to remove waste from the body, maintain acid-base balance, produce hormones, and regulate blood pressure.

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  • 3. 

    A condition in which the liver  becomes infused with fibrous tissues  and unable to repair itself is known as

    • Hepatitis

    • Cirrhosis

    • Jaundice

    • Hepatoma

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Cirrhosis
    Explanation
    Cirrhosis is a condition where the liver becomes filled with fibrous tissues and is unable to regenerate or repair itself. This can occur due to chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis or alcoholism. As a result, the liver's normal structure is disrupted, leading to impaired liver function. Symptoms of cirrhosis can include fatigue, jaundice, fluid retention, and confusion. If left untreated, cirrhosis can progress to liver failure. Therefore, cirrhosis is the correct answer in this case.

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  • 4. 

    ______ is the function of an  antidiuretic

    • Reduces volume of urine

    • Increase volume of urine

    • Causes the Kidney to excrete more watet

    • Causes the bladder to retain less water

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Reduces volume of urine
    Explanation
    The function of an antidiuretic is to reduce the volume of urine. Antidiuretics act on the kidneys to decrease the amount of water excreted in urine, leading to a reduction in urine volume. This helps in conserving water in the body and preventing excessive loss of fluids.

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  • 5. 

    Bile is stored and concentrated in  the ________

    • Liver

    • Biliary apparatus

    • Gall bladder

    • Kidney

    • Pancreas

    Correct Answer
    A. Gall bladder
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the gall bladder. Bile, which is produced by the liver, is stored and concentrated in the gall bladder before being released into the small intestine to aid in digestion. The gall bladder acts as a reservoir for bile, allowing it to be released in a controlled manner when needed.

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  • 6. 

    The kidney secretes ________ for  the purpose of stimulating bone  marrow activity

    • Renin

    • Aldosterone

    • Erythropoitin

    • Somatomedin

    • Angiotensinogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Erythropoitin
    Explanation
    The kidney secretes erythropoietin for the purpose of stimulating bone marrow activity. Erythropoietin is a hormone that regulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. When the kidney senses low oxygen levels in the blood, it releases erythropoietin, which then stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. This helps to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and maintain normal oxygen levels in the body.

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  • 7. 

    Incorrect statement of  erythrocytes

    • They are anucleate when mature

    • They have DNA

    • They are nucleate during early  phases of development

    • They are flexible

    • They are much smaller than most  human cells

    Correct Answer
    A. They have DNA
  • 8. 

    Which of these is found in a  mature erythrocyte

    • Mitochondria

    • Golgi bodies

    • Insulin receptors

    • Ribosomes

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. None of the above
    Explanation
    Mature erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, do not contain mitochondria, Golgi bodies, insulin receptors, or ribosomes. They are specialized cells that lack a nucleus and most organelles in order to maximize their capacity for oxygen transport. Therefore, the correct answer is "None of the above."

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  • 9. 

     _______ is not a function of the  renal system

    • Maintain blood PH

    • Regulate blood pressure

    • Control blood concentration

    • Synthesizes clotting factors

    • Remove waste products of  metabolism

    Correct Answer
    A. Synthesizes clotting factors
    Explanation
    The renal system is responsible for maintaining blood pH, regulating blood pressure, controlling blood concentration, and removing waste products of metabolism. However, synthesizing clotting factors is not a function of the renal system.

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  • 10. 

    The three interrelated processes  of urine formation are

    • Filtration, secretion and excretion 

    • Secretion, reabsorption and  micturition

    • Filtration, storage and excretion

    • Excretion, storage and micturition

    • Fitration, reabsorption and  secretion

    Correct Answer
    A. Fitration, reabsorption and  secretion
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion." This is because urine formation involves the filtration of blood in the kidneys, where waste products and excess substances are removed from the blood and filtered into the renal tubules. Reabsorption then occurs, where useful substances such as water, glucose, and ions are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Finally, secretion takes place, where additional waste products and substances that were not filtered initially are added to the filtrate in the renal tubules.

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  • 11. 

    Arrange the following to trace the  path of filtrate through a renal tubule: 1) proximal convoluted tubule 2) distal convoluted tubule 3) ascending limb of nephron loop 4) descending limb of nephron loop

    • 1,2,3,4

    • 2,3,4,1

    • 1,4,3,2

    • 3,2,1,4

    • 4,3,1,2

    Correct Answer
    A. 1,4,3,2
    Explanation
    The correct order to trace the path of filtrate through a renal tubule is as follows: 1) proximal convoluted tubule, 2) descending limb of nephron loop, 3) ascending limb of nephron loop, and 4) distal convoluted tubule. The proximal convoluted tubule is the first part of the renal tubule where reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients occurs. The filtrate then enters the descending limb of the nephron loop, where water is reabsorbed. Next, the filtrate moves through the ascending limb of the nephron loop, where ions are reabsorbed. Finally, the filtrate reaches the distal convoluted tubule, where further reabsorption and secretion take place.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following is not a  function of the liver

    • Secretion of bile

    • Storage of glycogen

    • Storage of bile

    • Detoxification of xenobiotics

    • Synthesis of clotting factors

    Correct Answer
    A. Storage of bile
    Explanation
    The liver performs various functions, including the secretion of bile, storage of glycogen, detoxification of xenobiotics, and synthesis of clotting factors. However, the storage of bile is not a function of the liver. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder until it is needed for digestion.

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  • 13. 

    The function of mammalian kidney is to excrete

    • ExtraSalt, urea and excess water

    • Extra urea, excess water and excess  amino acids

    • Extra urea, carbohydrate and  excess water

    • Extra urea,extra salt and extra  sugar

    • Extra salt, urea and excess fat

    Correct Answer
    A. ExtraSalt, urea and excess water
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Extra salt, urea, and excess water." The mammalian kidney is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and regulating the balance of water and electrolytes in the body. Salt, urea, and excess water are all waste products that need to be excreted by the kidneys to maintain homeostasis.

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  • 14. 

    Within the liver, bile is produced  by________

    • Kupffer cells

    •  Liver lobules

    • Hepatocytes

    • Acinor cells

    • Biliary apparatus

    Correct Answer
    A. Hepatocytes
    Explanation
    Bile is produced within the liver by hepatocytes. Hepatocytes are the main functional cells of the liver and they perform various metabolic functions including the production of bile. Bile is a greenish-yellow fluid that is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats.

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  • 15. 

    Which process is most affected by  blood pressure

    • Tubular secretion

    • Tubular reabsorption

    • Glomerular filtration

    • Tubular excretion

    •  Loop of Henle diffusion

    Correct Answer
    A. Glomerular filtration
    Explanation
    Blood pressure is most affected by glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the process by which fluid and solutes are filtered from the blood in the glomerulus of the kidney into the renal tubules. Blood pressure plays a crucial role in this process as it determines the force at which the blood is pushed through the glomerulus. Higher blood pressure will result in increased filtration, while lower blood pressure will decrease filtration. Therefore, blood pressure has a significant impact on the rate of glomerular filtration.

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  • 16. 

    _______ is an abnormal constituent  of urine

    • Urea

    • Creatinine

    • Ammonia

    • Protein

    • Uric acid

    Correct Answer
    A. Protein
    Explanation
    Protein is an abnormal constituent of urine because under normal circumstances, the kidneys filter out waste products from the blood, including protein. However, when there is damage or dysfunction in the kidneys, protein may leak into the urine, which is known as proteinuria. This can be a sign of kidney disease or other underlying health conditions. Therefore, the presence of protein in urine is considered abnormal.

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  • 17. 

    The following statements about  liver failure are correct except

    • Plasma level of ammonia will rise

    • Severe hyperglycaemia develops

    • The digestion and absorption of  fats is impaired

    • Prolonged clotting time of bleeding  wound occurs

    • Acid base homeostasis is  destabilized

    Correct Answer
    A. Acid base homeostasis is  destabilized
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Acid base homeostasis is destabilized". In liver failure, the plasma level of ammonia will rise due to impaired detoxification by the liver. Severe hyperglycemia develops because the liver is unable to store and release glucose properly. The digestion and absorption of fats is impaired because the liver produces bile, which is necessary for fat digestion. Prolonged clotting time of bleeding wounds occurs because the liver produces clotting factors. However, acid base homeostasis is not directly affected by liver failure.

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  • 18. 

    Which of the following is  associated with metabolism of  carbohydrate

    • Liver

    • Kidney

    • Stomach

    • Spleen

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Liver
    Explanation
    The liver is associated with the metabolism of carbohydrates. It plays a crucial role in maintaining blood sugar levels by storing glucose as glycogen and releasing it when needed. The liver also converts excess glucose into fatty acids for storage and produces glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis. Additionally, the liver is responsible for breaking down glycogen into glucose during periods of fasting or low blood sugar. Overall, the liver plays a central role in regulating carbohydrate metabolism in the body.

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  • 19. 

    False of blood:

    •  It is not a connective tissue

    • The fibrous component is latent in  normal blood

    • The fibrous component is only  expressed in injury

    • It contains an amorphous matrix

    • Blood plasma is a low viscosity  aqueous solution

    Correct Answer
    A.  It is not a connective tissue
    Explanation
    Blood is not considered a connective tissue because it does not have a fibrous matrix or connective tissue cells like other connective tissues such as bone or cartilage. While blood does contain fibrous components, they are not present in its normal state and are only expressed in response to injury. Additionally, blood plasma, the liquid component of blood, is a low viscosity aqueous solution, further distinguishing it from connective tissues.

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  • 20. 

    Which of the following statements  about bile is not correct

    • Bile is synthesized in the gall  bladder

    • Bile is synthesized from cholesterol

    • Bile salts are hydrophobic  molecules

    • Bile salts are synthesized from the  breakdown products of fat  metabolism

    • Bile is a bitter viscous liquid

    Correct Answer
    A. Bile is synthesized in the gall  bladder
    Explanation
    Bile is not synthesized in the gall bladder. Instead, bile is synthesized in the liver and then stored in the gall bladder until it is needed for digestion.

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  • 21. 

    Type question here. Example: Practice makes you ________

    Correct Answer
    N/A
  • 22. 

    ______ is the functional filtration  unit in the kidney

    • Renal tubule

    • Renal corpuscle

    • Nephron

    • Glomerulus

    • Proximal and distal convoluted tubule

    Correct Answer
    A. Glomerulus
    Explanation
    The glomerulus is the functional filtration unit in the kidney. It is a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries that filter waste products, excess water, and other substances from the blood. The glomerulus is located in the renal corpuscle, which is part of the nephron. The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering and processing blood to produce urine. The proximal and distal convoluted tubules are also part of the nephron, but they are not the primary filtration unit.

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  • 23. 

    Which one do you like?

    • 15% of the liver is  composed of cells other than  hepatocytes

    • Clearance of bacteria, viruses and  erythrocytes is done by Kupffer cells

    • It has the ability to regenerate itself  whenmildly damaged

    • It is a detoxifier, therefore  prolonged exposure to xenobiotics  has no effect on it

    •  It is an important organ in the body

    Correct Answer
    A. It is a detoxifier, therefore  prolonged exposure to xenobiotics  has no effect on it
    Explanation
    The liver is a detoxifier, meaning it has the ability to remove harmful substances, such as xenobiotics, from the body. This is why prolonged exposure to xenobiotics does not have any effect on the liver.

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  • 24. 

    Aldosterone

    • Stimulates sodium loss and  potassium retention

    • Is secreted in response to excretion  of potassium

    • Is secreted in response to increased  blood volume

    • Stimulates Sodium and potassium  retention

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Is secreted in response to increased  blood volume
    Explanation
    Aldosterone is a hormone that is secreted in response to increased blood volume. When blood volume increases, the body needs to regulate the balance of sodium and potassium ions. Aldosterone stimulates the retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium, helping to maintain the balance and regulate blood pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is "Is secreted in response to increased blood volume."

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  • 25. 

    Eating large amount of meat will  increase the level of ________ in the  blood

    • Protein

    • Creatinine

    • Uric acid

    • Urea

    • Water

    Correct Answer
    A. Urea
    Explanation
    When we consume large amounts of meat, our body breaks down the protein in the meat into amino acids. These amino acids are then converted into ammonia, which is toxic to the body. To eliminate this ammonia, our liver converts it into urea, which is a waste product that is excreted through urine. Therefore, eating large amounts of meat will increase the level of urea in the blood.

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  • 26. 

    Which of these statements is true  of blood

    • Consists of plasma

    •  Consists of blood cells

    • It is circulated by the heart

    • Carries Oxygen to tissues

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Consists of plasma
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Consists of plasma." Blood is composed of plasma, which is a yellowish fluid that carries various substances such as hormones, nutrients, and waste products. It also contains blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The heart plays a crucial role in circulating blood throughout the body, ensuring that oxygen is delivered to tissues. Therefore, all of the statements are true.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Feb 11, 2020
    Quiz Created by
    Beaconemma4

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