1.
The need for gunpowder and weapons led to
Correct Answer
A. The Storming of the Bastille.
Explanation
The need for gunpowder and weapons led to the Storming of the Bastille because the people of France wanted to arm themselves and gain control over the military arsenal stored in the Bastille. The Bastille was seen as a symbol of royal authority and oppression, and storming it was a significant act of rebellion against the monarchy. The event marked the beginning of the French Revolution and the overthrow of the old regime.
2.
In 1789, King Louis XVI summoned the Estates-General primarily to
Correct Answer
C. Raise taxes to pay off growing debt.
Explanation
In 1789, King Louis XVI summoned the Estates-General primarily to raise taxes to pay off growing debt. This was a result of the financial crisis that France was facing at the time, with the government being heavily in debt. The king hoped that by increasing taxes, he would be able to generate more revenue to help alleviate the financial burden and stabilize the economy. This decision ultimately played a significant role in sparking the French Revolution, as it led to widespread dissatisfaction and unrest among the population, particularly the Third Estate.
3.
The Tennis Court Oath was made by
Correct Answer
D. Representatives of the Third Estate.
Explanation
The Tennis Court Oath was made by representatives of the Third Estate. The Third Estate was a group of commoners in France who were not part of the clergy or nobility. They were frustrated with the unfair political system and lack of representation, so they took matters into their own hands. On June 20, 1789, they gathered in a tennis court and pledged not to disband until a new constitution was established. This oath marked a significant moment in the French Revolution and demonstrated the determination of the Third Estate to bring about change.
4.
The Tennis Court Oath pledged
Correct Answer
C. That the Third Estate/National Assembly would remain together until a Constitution was written.
Explanation
The Tennis Court Oath was a pivotal event during the French Revolution. It was a pledge made by members of the Third Estate, who represented the commoners, that they would not disband until a new Constitution was established. This oath was taken on June 20, 1789, after the Estates-General had been locked out of their usual meeting place. The Third Estate, feeling marginalized and ignored, declared themselves the National Assembly and vowed to stay united until a Constitution was drafted to address their grievances and establish a fairer system of governance in France. This oath marked a significant step towards the revolution and the eventual downfall of the monarchy.
5.
Which of the following were treasonous acts committed by Louis?
Correct Answer
D. Trying to escape France.
Explanation
Louis committing treason by trying to escape France can be seen as an act against the French Revolution and the new government established by the National Assembly. By attempting to flee the country, Louis was essentially rejecting the authority and legitimacy of the revolutionary government and showing a lack of support for the changes brought about by the Revolution. This act can be seen as treasonous because it undermines the stability and sovereignty of the new regime.
6.
Members of the political faction favoring extreme change were called
Correct Answer
C. Jacobins.
Explanation
The correct answer is Jacobins. The Jacobins were members of the political faction in France during the French Revolution who favored extreme change and radical reforms. They were known for their radical and revolutionary ideas, and played a significant role in the Reign of Terror. The Girondists were a rival political faction who were more moderate in their views, while the royalists supported the monarchy. "The Marseillaise" is the national anthem of France and is not related to the political factions.
7.
King Louis XVI left Versailles for Paris when his palace was surrounded by
Correct Answer
D. Women demanding bread.
Explanation
During the French Revolution, King Louis XVI was forced to leave Versailles and move to Paris due to the uprising of women demanding bread. The women, who were suffering from extreme poverty and hunger, marched to Versailles to protest the high cost of bread and the scarcity of food. Their demand for bread was a symbol of their frustration with the monarchy and the unequal distribution of resources. This event marked a turning point in the revolution and demonstrated the power of the people in challenging the authority of the king.
8.
All of the following French leaders died by the guillotine EXCEPT
Correct Answer
B. Marat.
Explanation
Robespierre, Danton, and Louis XVI were all French leaders who were executed by the guillotine during the French Revolution. However, Marat was not executed by the guillotine. He was a radical journalist and politician who was assassinated by Charlotte Corday, a royalist sympathizer, in his own home. Therefore, the correct answer is Marat.
9.
Before the revolution, members of the Third Estate had
Correct Answer
D. A high tax burden and little political power.
Explanation
Before the revolution, members of the Third Estate had a high tax burden and little political power. This is because the Third Estate, which comprised the commoners and the working class, bore the brunt of the tax burden while the nobility and clergy enjoyed exemptions and privileges. Additionally, the Third Estate had limited representation in government and their voices were often ignored or overruled by the First and Second Estates. This lack of political influence further exacerbated their already heavy tax burden, contributing to the discontent that ultimately led to the French Revolution.
10.
Which of the following groups was NOT exempt from the French taille (primary tax)?
Correct Answer
B. The Third Estate
Explanation
The Third Estate was not exempt from the French taille (primary tax). The taille was a direct tax imposed on the common people, including peasants, artisans, and the bourgeoisie. The First Estate (clergy) and the Second Estate (nobility) were exempt from this tax, which contributed to the growing discontent and inequality among the different social classes in France.
11.
The attack on a Paris prison by enraged citizens was called
Correct Answer
A. The storming of the Bastille.
Explanation
The correct answer is the storming of the Bastille. This event refers to the attack on the Bastille prison in Paris during the French Revolution. On July 14, 1789, a mob of enraged citizens stormed the Bastille in search of weapons and to release political prisoners. This event is considered a turning point in the revolution and symbolizes the uprising against the monarchy and the beginning of the French Revolution. The storming of the Bastille is often seen as a pivotal moment in history, representing the struggle for liberty and the fight against tyranny.
12.
Which of the following led to the French Revolution?
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The French Revolution was caused by a combination of factors, including a financial crisis in France, the extravagant spending of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette, and the inequality of the Estate system. These factors created a sense of discontent and frustration among the French population, leading to widespread calls for change and ultimately resulting in the revolution.
13.
The radical Journalist who was the editor of "The Friend of the People" was ___________. He was assassinated by Charlotte Corday.
Correct Answer
Marat
Jean Paul Marat
Explanation
The correct answer is Marat, Jean Paul Marat. Jean Paul Marat was a radical journalist who served as the editor of "The Friend of the People." He was assassinated by Charlotte Corday.
14.
Name one of the two countries who were willing to go to war with France to help Louis regan his power?
Correct Answer
Austria
Prussia
Explanation
During the French Revolution, Louis XVI was overthrown and imprisoned, leading to a power vacuum in France. Austria and Prussia, both monarchies, were concerned about the spread of revolutionary ideas and the potential destabilization of their own governments. They saw an opportunity to restore Louis to power and maintain the status quo in Europe. Therefore, both Austria and Prussia were willing to go to war with France to help Louis regain his power.
15.
The radical Jacobin who presided over the Reign of Terror was
Correct Answer
Robespierre
Explanation
Robespierre was a radical Jacobin who presided over the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution. As a key figure of the Committee of Public Safety, he implemented policies aimed at suppressing counter-revolutionary activities and consolidating the power of the revolutionary government. Under his leadership, thousands of people were executed, and the country experienced a period of intense political repression. Robespierre's reign ended when he himself was arrested and executed, marking the end of the Reign of Terror. Therefore, Robespierre is the correct answer to the question.
16.
The group that was given extraordinary powers to protect France from outside invasion was known as
Correct Answer
B. The Committee of Public Safety
Explanation
The Committee of Public Safety was given extraordinary powers to protect France from outside invasion during the French Revolution. This group was established in 1793 and led by Maximilien Robespierre. Its main goal was to defend the revolution and eliminate any threats to it, both internally and externally. The Committee implemented policies such as the Reign of Terror, which aimed to suppress counter-revolutionary activities. Their powers included the ability to arrest and execute individuals deemed as enemies of the revolution. Overall, the Committee of Public Safety played a crucial role in the defense of France during this turbulent period.
17.
Which of the following describes the ultimate fate of Robespierre?
Correct Answer
A. He was executed following a failed suicide attempt
Explanation
Robespierre's ultimate fate was execution following a failed suicide attempt. This means that he tried to kill himself but was unsuccessful, and as a result, he was executed.
18.
Which of the following contributed to the French Revolution?
Correct Answer
C. The ideas of the Enlightenment.
Explanation
The French Revolution was influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment. This intellectual and cultural movement emphasized reason, individualism, and the belief in progress. Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu advocated for political and social reforms, challenging the traditional authority of the monarchy and aristocracy. Their ideas of equality, liberty, and popular sovereignty inspired the French people to question the existing social and political order, leading to widespread unrest and ultimately the revolution.
19.
The Third Estate rebelled and declared themselves the
Correct Answer
C. The National Assembly.
Explanation
The Third Estate rebelled during the French Revolution and declared themselves the National Assembly. This was a significant event as it marked the end of absolute monarchy in France and the beginning of a representative government. The National Assembly played a crucial role in drafting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which laid the foundation for modern democratic principles.
20.
Which of the following correctly lists the French governments in order from before the Revolution through the end of the Revolution?
Correct Answer
B. Absolute Monarchy-Constitutional Monarchy-Republic.
Explanation
The correct answer is Absolute Monarchy-Constitutional Monarchy-Republic. This is because before the French Revolution, France was ruled by an absolute monarchy under Louis XVI. Then, during the Revolution, the monarchy was abolished and replaced with a constitutional monarchy, where the king's powers were limited by a constitution. Finally, the revolutionaries established a republic, marking the end of the monarchy and the beginning of a new form of government.