Test Your Knowledge About Genotype And Phenotype! Quiz

2.

The central dogma of molecular biology states:

Humans were intelligently designed
RNA --> DNA --> polypeptide
Life only exists on earth
DNA --> RNA --> polypeptide
Proteins are pseudo-genetic agents

Correct Answer

A. DNA --> RNA --> polypeptide

Explanation

The central dogma of molecular biology states that the flow of genetic information in cells follows a specific sequence: DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into polypeptides (proteins). This process is fundamental to all living organisms and is not limited to humans or Earth. It describes the essential mechanism by which genetic information is converted into functional proteins, playing a crucial role in the functioning and development of all living organisms.

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3.

Prions contradict the central dogma.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Prions do not contradict the central dogma. The central dogma of molecular biology states that information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. Prions, on the other hand, are misfolded proteins that can induce other proteins to adopt the same incorrect conformation. This does not contradict the central dogma, as prions are still proteins that are ultimately derived from the information encoded in DNA. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

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4.

The chromosomal mutations involving ABCDEFG and HIJKLMNO to ABLMNO and HIJKCDEFG is an example of ____________.

Deletion
Duplication
Missense
Inversion
Translocation

Correct Answer

A. Translocation

Explanation

The given chromosomal mutation involves the rearrangement of the genes ABCDEFG and HIJKLMNO to ABLMNO and HIJKCDEFG. This rearrangement indicates a transfer of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes, which is known as translocation.

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5.

A transversion is:

Substitution between purines
Substitution between pyrmidines
The most common cause of a SNP
Substitution between purine and pyrimidine
A and C

Correct Answer

A. Substitution between purine and pyrimidine

Explanation

A transversion is a type of substitution mutation that occurs between a purine (adenine or guanine) and a pyrimidine (cytosine, thymine, or uracil) base in DNA or RNA. This type of mutation involves the replacement of one type of nucleotide with another, resulting in a change in the genetic code. It is different from a transition mutation, which involves the substitution of one purine or one pyrimidine base with another. Transversions are less common than transitions and can have significant effects on the protein encoded by the mutated gene.

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6.

Less SNPs are found:

In the non-coding region
In the coding region
In sex chromosomes
A and C
B and C

Correct Answer

A. B and C

Explanation

The correct answer is B and C because SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) are less likely to be found in the coding region of genes and in the sex chromosomes. This is because SNPs in the coding region can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of proteins, which can have significant effects on the function of the protein. Additionally, the sex chromosomes (X and Y) have a different inheritance pattern compared to the other chromosomes, which can affect the frequency of SNPs in these regions. Therefore, it is expected that SNPs would be less common in the coding region and in the sex chromosomes.

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7.

All inherited material is in DNA

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

some is in the cytoplasm e.g. maternal mitochondria

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8.

A gene:

Is found on introns
Codes one protein
A segment of a chromosome that is transcribed to RNA
A segment of a chromosome that cannot be lost
Contains multiple alleles

Correct Answer

A. A segment of a chromosome that is transcribed to RNA

Explanation

A gene is a segment of a chromosome that is transcribed to RNA. This means that the gene serves as a template for the synthesis of RNA molecules, which are then used as instructions to create proteins. Genes are responsible for the inheritance of traits and play a crucial role in the functioning of cells and organisms. They are located on chromosomes and are transcribed into RNA during the process of gene expression. This RNA molecule can then be translated into a protein, which carries out various functions in the body.

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Test Your Knowledge About Genotype And Phenotype! Quiz

_ and _ affect phenotype

Quiz Preview

The central dogma of molecular biology states:

Prions contradict the central dogma.

The chromosomal mutations involving ABCDEFG and HIJKLMNO to ABLMNO and HIJKCDEFG is an example of ____________.

A transversion is:

Less SNPs are found:

All inherited material is in DNA

A gene:

Test Your Knowledge About Genotype And Phenotype! Quiz

___________ and ___________ affect phenotype

Quiz Preview

The central dogma of molecular biology states:

Prions contradict the central dogma.

The chromosomal mutations involving ABCDEFG and HIJKLMNO to ABLMNO and HIJKCDEFG is an example of ____________.

A transversion is:

Less SNPs are found:

All inherited material is in DNA

A gene:

_ and _ affect phenotype