Gene Expression And Regulation Questions! Trivia Quiz

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  • 1/16 Questions

    A base at the 5' end of the codon hydrogen bonds with a base at the ___' end of the anticodon.

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About This Quiz


Do you know anything about gene expression? Do you think you know as much as necessary to pass this quiz? Gene expression is the process by which the information encoded in a gene is utilized to direct the path of the protein molecule. It is a process that provides our DNA with instructions, as the DNA is converted into a functional product. Take this quiz and learn more about gene expression.

Gene Expression And Regulation Questions! Trivia Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Translation occurs in the: 

    • Nucleolus.

    • Golgi apparatus.

    • Cytoplasm.

    • Intercellular space.

    • Center of a black hole.

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoplasm.
    Explanation
    Translation is the process by which the genetic information stored in mRNA molecules is used to synthesize proteins. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, specifically on the ribosomes. The cytoplasm is the fluid-filled region between the cell membrane and the nucleus, where many cellular processes occur. The nucleolus is responsible for the production of ribosomes, not translation. The Golgi apparatus is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins, but not in translation. The intercellular space refers to the region between cells, which is not involved in translation. The center of a black hole is not relevant to cellular processes.

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  • 3. 

    When the codon _______, which is one of the three possible terminator (nonsense, stop) codons, is in the aminoacyl position of the ribosome, translation termination occurs.

    Correct Answer
    UAA
    UGA
    UAG
    Explanation
    When the codon UAA, UGA, or UAG is in the aminoacyl position of the ribosome, translation termination occurs. These three codons are known as terminator or stop codons because they signal the end of protein synthesis. When a ribosome encounters one of these codons, it releases the newly synthesized protein and disassembles, completing the process of translation.

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  • 4. 

    The CCA nucleotide triplet is added to the ___' end of the tRNA.

    Correct Answer
    3
    3'
    Explanation
    The CCA nucleotide triplet is added to the 3' end of the tRNA. The 3' end refers to the end of the tRNA molecule that has a free hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the 3rd carbon of the last nucleotide. This CCA sequence is important because it serves as the attachment site for the amino acid during the process of protein synthesis. The amino acid is covalently bonded to the tRNA molecule at the 3' end through an ester bond, forming an aminoacyl-tRNA molecule.

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  • 5. 

    When a new charged tRNA arrives at the ribosome to participate in translation, it binds to the _______ site of the ribosome.

    Correct Answer
    A
    A site
    aminoacyl
    aminoacyl site
    Explanation
    When a new charged tRNA arrives at the ribosome to participate in translation, it binds to the A site of the ribosome. The A site, also known as the aminoacyl site, is where the incoming tRNA carrying the next amino acid in the growing polypeptide chain binds to the ribosome. This binding allows the ribosome to add the amino acid to the growing chain during the process of translation.

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  • 6. 

    In eukaryotes, translation (almost) always begins with the codon AUG and the first amino acid added to the polypeptide is _______, which is coded by this codon. (We didn't cover this one this year, 2010).

    Correct Answer
    methionine
    Explanation
    In eukaryotes, translation typically starts with the codon AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine. Methionine is often referred to as the "start" codon because it initiates the process of translation by being the first amino acid added to the growing polypeptide chain.

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  • 7. 

    There is more than one codon for most amino acids. That is, the genetic code is _______.

    Correct Answer
    degenerate
    Explanation
    The term "degenerate" refers to the fact that there is more than one codon for most amino acids in the genetic code. This means that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. This redundancy in the genetic code allows for some flexibility and robustness in protein synthesis. It also helps to protect against errors during DNA replication or transcription, as a mutation in the DNA sequence may still result in the same amino acid being incorporated into the protein due to the degeneracy of the genetic code.

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  • 8. 

    Prokaryotes mRNAs code for more than one polypeptide, that is, they are _________ mRNAs.

    Correct Answer
    polycistronic
    Explanation
    Prokaryotes have a unique characteristic where their mRNAs can code for multiple polypeptides. This means that a single mRNA molecule can carry the instructions for the synthesis of multiple proteins. This type of mRNA is referred to as polycistronic mRNA. It allows prokaryotes to efficiently coordinate the expression of multiple genes and produce multiple proteins simultaneously from a single mRNA transcript.

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  • 9. 

    Several ribosomes can be translating a mRNA at the same time. When seen under the electron microscope, this cluster of ribosomes is called a _______. (We didn't cover this one this year, 2010).

    Correct Answer
    polyribosome
    polysome
    Explanation
    A polyribosome, also known as a polysome, is a cluster of ribosomes that are simultaneously translating a single mRNA molecule. This allows for the production of multiple copies of the same protein at the same time.

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  • 10. 

    MRNAs have a segment at the 5' end and at the 3' end that is not translated into polypeptide (the part before the initiator codon and after the terminator codon). This region is called the ______.

    Correct Answer
    UTR
    untranslated region
    Explanation
    mRNAs have specific regions at the 5' and 3' ends that are not translated into polypeptide chains. These regions are known as UTRs or untranslated regions. The UTRs include the part before the initiator codon (start codon) and after the terminator codon (stop codon). These regions play important roles in regulating gene expression, mRNA stability, and translation efficiency. The UTRs contain binding sites for regulatory proteins and microRNAs, which can influence the translation and stability of the mRNA molecule.

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  • 11. 
    If a tRNA had the anticodon: 5' CUU 3', then the amino acid it is attached to is _______. (Careful! Remember codon-anticodon pairing is antiparallel.) - ProProfs

    If a tRNA had the anticodon: 5' CUU 3', then the amino acid it is attached to is _______. (Careful! Remember codon-anticodon pairing is antiparallel.)

    Correct Answer
    lys
    lysine
    Explanation
    The anticodon of the tRNA is CUU. In the genetic code, CUU codes for the amino acid lysine. Therefore, the tRNA is attached to the amino acid lysine.

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  • 12. 

    The process of adding an amino acid to the 3' end of a tRNA is called _______.

    Correct Answer
    charging
    tRNA charging
    aminoacylation
    amino acylation
    Explanation
    The process of adding an amino acid to the 3' end of a tRNA is called charging. It is also known as tRNA charging, aminoacylation, or amino acylation.

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  • 13. 

    N-formyl methionine is the first amino acid added to a new polypeptide in _______. (We didn't cover this one this year, 2010).

    Correct Answer
    E. coli
    bacteria
    prokaryotes
    Explanation
    N-formyl methionine is the first amino acid added to a new polypeptide in E. coli, bacteria, and prokaryotes. This implies that these organisms use N-formyl methionine as the initiator amino acid during protein synthesis.

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  • 14. 

    During tRNA charging, an amino acid always attaches to a nucleotide that has the nitrogen base _______.

    Correct Answer
    adenine
    Explanation
    During tRNA charging, an amino acid always attaches to a nucleotide that has the nitrogen base adenine. This is because adenine forms a specific base pair with uracil, which is present in the anticodon region of tRNA molecules. The attachment of the amino acid to adenine ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the tRNA molecule, allowing it to properly match with the corresponding codon on the mRNA during protein synthesis.

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  • 15. 

    Alanyl-tRNA synthetase joins the amino acid alanine to its specific tRNA. It is an example of the class of enzymes called ________.

    Correct Answer
    aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
    aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
    aminoacyl tRNA synthetases
    aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
    Explanation
    The correct answer is aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the attachment of specific amino acids to their corresponding tRNA molecules. Alanyl-tRNA synthetase is an example of this class of enzymes, as it specifically joins the amino acid alanine to its specific tRNA molecule. Therefore, the correct answer options all refer to this class of enzymes.

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  • 16. 

    During translation, the codon CUU always codes for leucine. That is, the genetic code is _______.

    Correct Answer
    non-ambiguous
    nonambiguous
    non ambiguous
    not ambiguous
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is "non-ambiguous" or "not ambiguous". This means that when the codon CUU is encountered during translation, it always codes for the amino acid leucine. The genetic code is clear and specific in this case, leaving no room for multiple interpretations or ambiguity.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 18, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • May 12, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Dajatsu
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