Genetics - 10 Basic Questions

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| By Kar

Kar, Assistant Professor (Biochemistry)

Karthikeyan Pethusamy is an assistant professor in the Department of Biochemistry at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi

Quizzes Created: 33 | Total Attempts: 47,807

Questions: 10 | Attempts: 109 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

In Eukaryotes, mRNA is produced by
- A.
  
  RNA Polymerase I
- B.
  
  RNA Polymerase II
- C.
  
  RNA Polymerase III
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
B. RNA Polymerase II

Explanation
rRNA, mRNA, tRNA respecively

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2.

Deamination of methylated cytosine will produce
- A.
  
  Uracil
- B.
  
  Thymine
- C.
  
  Hypoxanthine
- D.
  
  Adenine
Correct Answer
B. Thymine

Explanation
thymine is methylated uracil

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3.

H1 histone is the highly conserved histone among all the others.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
It is the least conserved. H1 binds to linker DNA.

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4.

Human haploid genome consists of
- A.
  
  1 billion base pairs
- B.
  
  2 billion base pairs
- C.
  
  3 billion base pairs
- D.
  
  4 billion base pairs
Correct Answer
C. 3 billion base pairs

Explanation
The human haploid genome consists of 3 billion base pairs. This is the correct answer because the haploid genome refers to the set of chromosomes in a gamete, which contains half the number of chromosomes found in a normal body cell. The human genome is diploid, meaning it consists of two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Each set contains approximately 3 billion base pairs, resulting in a total of 6 billion base pairs in a diploid genome. Therefore, the haploid genome, which represents only one set of chromosomes, contains 3 billion base pairs.

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5.

Number of genes encoded by mitochondrial genome
- A.
  
  37
- B.
  
  47
- C.
  
  57
- D.
  
  67
Correct Answer
A. 37

Explanation
2 rRNA, 22 tRNA, 13 proteins of ETC ===> total 37

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6.

Restriction enzymes
- A.
  
  Are produced by viruses
- B.
  
  Cut only single stranded DNA
- C.
  
  Can cut the DNA anywhere
- D.
  
  Restrict the expression of viral DNA
Correct Answer
D. Restrict the expression of viral DNA

Explanation
that's why they are known as restriction enzymes.

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7.

In mitochondrial mRNA, UGA cods for
- A.
  
  Methionine
- B.
  
  N-formyl methionine
- C.
  
  Tryptophan
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
C. TryptopHan

Explanation
AGA, AGG, UAA, UAG are the 4 mitochondrial stop codons.

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8.

Estimated number of human genes
- A.
  
  20 to 25 thousand
- B.
  
  50 thousand
- C.
  
  60 thousand
- D.
  
  1 lakh
Correct Answer
A. 20 to 25 thousand

Explanation
The estimated number of human genes is 20 to 25 thousand. This is based on current scientific knowledge and research, which suggests that the human genome contains a relatively small number of genes compared to earlier estimations. Advances in genetic sequencing technology and analysis techniques have allowed researchers to refine their understanding of the human genome and identify the actual number of genes present. This estimate is widely accepted in the scientific community.

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9.

Equivalent of pribnow box in eukaryotes is
- A.
  
  Hogness box
- B.
  
  GC box
- C.
  
  CAAT box
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
A. Hogness box

Explanation
The Hogness box is the equivalent of the pribnow box in eukaryotes. The pribnow box is a DNA sequence found in prokaryotes that serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase during transcription initiation. Similarly, the Hogness box is a DNA sequence found in eukaryotes that functions as a promoter element for RNA polymerase II. It helps in the initiation of transcription by providing a binding site for transcription factors. Therefore, the Hogness box is the correct answer as it is the equivalent of the pribnow box in eukaryotes.

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10.

Telmerase is a ribonucleoprotein
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Telomerase contains RNA

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Jan 24, 2015

Quiz Created by
Kar

Genetics - 10 Basic Questions

In Eukaryotes, mRNA is produced by

Deamination of methylated cytosine will produce

H1 histone is the highly conserved histone among all the others.

Human haploid genome consists of

Number of genes encoded by mitochondrial genome

Restriction enzymes

In mitochondrial mRNA, UGA cods for

Estimated number of human genes

Equivalent of pribnow box in eukaryotes is

Telmerase is a ribonucleoprotein